scholarly journals “Conflict of Goals” as a Barrier for Effective Use of Visual Models in Primary Math Education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Urban ◽  
◽  
Daina Vasilevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Visual Model ◽  
Visual Models ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Effective Use

The formation of the ability to solve non-trivial life problems is one of the tasks of school education in the context of achieving sustainable development goals. In the process of teaching mathematics, one of the most effective ways to find solutions to problems is modelling – a teaching method that not only helps students to consciously assimilate mathematical content, but also forms the basis for selfstudy throughout life. Visual models, which reflect the essential characteristics of mathematical concepts by pictorial means, play a special role in the process of initial teaching of mathematics. Teachers can use active and passive techniques for working with visual models in mathematics lessons, which differ in the degree of children’s participation in building a visual model. The main goal of this article is to identify which techniques teachers prefer working with visual models in practice in mathematics lessons. To achieve this goal, the questionnaire method, the multi-criteria assessment method, and the moderation method were applied. This article presents the results of a study devoted to identifying teachers’ preferred methods of working with visual models when conducting mathematics lessons, identifying their theoretical ideas about the value of each group of techniques, as well as establishing the reasons for the revealed discrepancy between the practical preferences of teachers and their theoretical ideas.

Funding the Millennium Development Goals: A Challenge for Global Public Finance

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. ATKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Political Challenge ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Intellectual Challenge

The UN commitment to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 poses a major challenge. It is, first and foremost, a political challenge to wealthy countries, to provide the necessary transfer of resources, and to developing countries, to make effective use of these transfers. But it is also an intellectual challenge, to economists and other scientists, to better understand the processes by which the MDGs can be achieved. This article focuses on two aspects. On the substantive side, it examines how we can achieve increased funding for development, particularly via new methods of finance, such as global taxes. On the intellectual side, it describes how a new branch of economics is developing – global public finance – that can contribute to the analysis of new sources of funding for the MDGs and of the working of the global economy.

Methods for Formalizing Cognitive Graphics and Visual Models using XML Schemas

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-77
Author(s):  
A.I. Vlasov ◽  
L.V. Zhuravleva ◽  
V.V. Kazakov
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Xml Schema ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Visual Model ◽  
Visual Models ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Cognitive Graphics

The paper analyses methods of formalising cognitive graphics and visual models using promising data storage formats. We describe the primary visual design techniques and note that they appear to be rather disconnected. We show that ensuring the coupling of data and knowledge in visual models featuring various levels of detail is the main problem in integrated usage of visual modelling tools. We analyse approaches to solving the semantic discontinuity problem, that is, provided we meet the condition under which the properties of objects, systems and processes under consideration are only input once, it is necessary to ensure that data from models corresponding to different levels of abstraction (expertise) is interconnected. One should assume that the main drawback of existing approaches to visualising complex systems is that these approaches are fragmented and isolated, which means that they will only be effective locally. The paper proposes several approaches to formalising visual models employing XML schemas, which ensures that development processes concerning visual models of various levels of abstraction are synchronised and interconnected. We use a BPMN (Business, Process, Model and Notation) visual model as an example that shows the principles of representing visual model elements by means of XML schemas. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the principles behind layer interaction in the BPMN model through flexible XML description. We show that the BPMN data structure boasts its own XML schema containing all the parameters of a class or an element. The paper presents several examples and a technique of applying an XML schema to a BPMN model, including a further generalisation aimed at formally representing the process models of complex systems

Spatio-Temporal Just Noticeable Distortion Model Guided Video Watermarking

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-36
Author(s):  
Yaqing Niu ◽  
Sridhar Krishnan ◽  
Qin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Video Watermarking ◽  
Original Video ◽  
Temporal Modulation ◽  
Visual Model ◽  
Visual Models ◽  
Dct Domain ◽  
Just Noticeable Distortion ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

Perceptual Watermarking should take full advantage of the results from human visual system (HVS) studies. Just noticeable distortion (JND), which refers to the maximum distortion that the HVS does not perceive, gives a way to model the HVS accurately. An effective Spatio-Temporal JND model guided video watermarking scheme in DCT domain is proposed in this paper. The watermarking scheme is based on the design of an additional accurate JND visual model which incorporates spatial Contrast Sensitivity Function (CSF), temporal modulation factor, retinal velocity, luminance adaptation and contrast masking. The proposed watermarking scheme, where the JND model is fully used to determine scene-adaptive upper bounds on watermark insertion, allows providing the maximum strength transparent watermark. Experimental results confirm the improved performance of the Spatio-Temporal JND model. The authors’ Spatio-Temporal JND model is capable of yielding higher injected-watermark energy without introducing noticeable distortion to the original video sequences and outperforms the relevant existing visual models. Simulation results show that the proposed Spatio-Temporal JND model guided video watermarking scheme is more robust than other algorithms based on the relevant existing perceptual models while retaining the watermark transparency.

ICTs and Indigenous Languages as Agents for the Actualization of Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Festus Prosper Olise
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Bad Leadership

This paper advocates for the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and indigenous languages for the actualization of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Nigeria because both tools are capable of transforming the rural and urban populace. It explores the MDGs so as to unravel the ways ICTs and indigenous languages can facilitate the speedy actualization of MDGs in Nigeria, a country with peculiar cultural heritage and with over 750 indigenous languages. It also analyzes some of the contending constraints confronting Nigeria from actualizing MDGs such as corruption, extreme poverty, lack of attention to indigenous languages, high cost of ICTs which are products of bad leadership. The effective use of Nigeria’s different indigenous languages and ICTs, it maintains, remains the most effective way towards educating Nigerians and achieving the MDGs in Nigeria come 2015.

scholarly journals Multimode Operating Performance Visualization and Nonoptimal Cause Identification

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhui Ying ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Minglei Yang ◽  
Wenli Du
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Operating Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Subtractive Clustering ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Visual Model ◽  
Performance Visualization ◽  
Traditional Performance

In the traditional performance assessment method, different modes of data are classified mainly by expert knowledge. Thus, human interference is highly probable. The traditional method is also incapable of distinguishing transition data from steady-state data, which reduces the accuracy of the monitor model. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a method of multimode operating performance visualization and nonoptimal cause identification. First, multimode data identification is realized by subtractive clustering algorithm (SCA), which can reduce human influence and eliminate transition data. Then, the multi-space principal component analysis (MsPCA) is used to characterize the independent characteristics of different datasets, which enhances the robustness of the model with respect to the performance of independent variables. Furthermore, a self-organizing map (SOM) is used to train these characteristics and map them into a two-dimensional plane, by which the visualization of the process monitor is realized. For the online assessment, the operating performance of the current process is evaluated according to the projection position of the data on the visual model. Then, the cause of the nonoptimal performance is identified. Finally, the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Course Reform of Metal Cutting Machine Tool Design under the Background of Engineering Education Accreditation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 128-131
Author(s):  
Jianjun Yang ◽  
Hongbo Lan ◽  
Xiaoyang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Tool Design ◽  
Metal Cutting Machine ◽  
Machine Tool Design ◽  
Cutting Machine

The course of metal cutting machine tool design is a compulsory course in the manufacturing direction of mechanical specialty in our university. Under the background of engineering education accreditation, the course has been reformed. The new syllabus corresponding to the index points of graduation requirements was established, the teaching contents were integrated and optimized, project teaching method and diversified assessment method were designed, the evaluation method of course objectives achievement was constructed, the closed-loop course quality assurance system of Design-Implementation-Assessment-Evaluation-Improvement was formed. Students’ learning initiative and the learning effect are improved.

scholarly journals Using Information Communication Technology as a Teaching tool in Sudanese Governmental Universities of Khartoum State

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdalla Eldow ◽  
Mohanaad Shakir ◽  
Mohamad Yahya Abdullah ◽  
Sohail Iqbal Malik
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Interactive Whiteboards ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Video Conferencing System ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Virtual Meeting ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Effective Use

The revolution of Information Technology (IT) and the rapid development in the communications inevitably the Sudanese educational institutions to use the new technology tools in their programs and strategies. Especially there are some private Sudanese universities take the implementations of (ICT) in their account. The main aim of this study is to explore the reasons behind the useless or the effective use of the (ICT) in (SGU) in teaching. The study selected (10%) from the teachers in (SGU) as a sample, such that the sample of teachers after selection is (600) teacher. The questionnaire method was adopted for collection of data in this study, with benefit from (Likert) method. The study founded that (SGU) used some (ICT) hardware, software and tools properly such as: computers, projectors and internet in teaching and in their other academic activities. In addition, there is a middle and rarely usage for other (ICT) such as video conferencing system, virtual meeting system, planning student’s courses, preparing students courses, preparing lectures in presentation software and giving students assignments to be presented by computers. Some of (ICT) tools are not used in (SGU) such as (digital cameras, interactive whiteboards). In addition, the study founded that there is no teacher training in (SGU), in spite of including this activity in the universities plans. The study recommends (SGU) to concern with teacher’s training and other (ICT) tools such as (interactive whiteboards) and (internet speed).

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Ziuzia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Structural Component ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The dependence of competitiveness of Ukraine and its economic system on the formation and effective use of the intellectual potential of economic entities at the stage of information and digital society has been considered. The process of the formation, use and management of intellectual potential has been presented, in which the evaluation of the intellectual potential of enterprises is considered as an important factor of increasing the efficiency of the intellectual potential of the national economy. The special role and significance of the intellectual potential for the development of modern enterprises in the period of crisis for the national economy during the COVID-19 pandemic have been determined. Theoretical and methodological aspects of its evaluation have been studied and the methodological principles of assessing the value of intellectual property as the most important structural component of the IP have been considered. The theoretical and methodological task of revealing the essence of intellectual capital as an economic category, features of its structural components, as elements of a comprehensive assessment of intellectual potential as well as their relationship with intellectual capital and intellectual resources have been considered. Particular emphasis has been placed on the most important structural component of intellectual capital and intellectual potential of economic entities – objects of intellectual property rights and peculiarities of their evaluation principles of the intellectual potential of enterprises. In order to solve these important tasks, the system approach and such methods of analysis as generalization and analogy have been used. It has been proved that in order to create sustainable competitive advantages that depend primarily on the effectiveness of intellectual potential of economic entities, an important component of development strategy should be the implementation of mechanisms for evaluating intellectual potential, which will have a significant impact on the national economy at the current stage of the development of society.

scholarly journals Case study method in terms of activity-competent approach to teaching social workers

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Historical Aspect

The article substantiates the relevance of the implementation of the case study method in the educational process of social workers training, as well as explores the methodological features of its development and implementation in the field of social work. The article defines the concept of “case study”, examines the historical aspect of its development, provides an overview of various classifications, offers recommendations on the methodological support of the educational process using the case study method. Article examines intercommunication of “activity” and “competence” approaches in organization of educational process, it assists to get practical experience of future specialists. For this reason, an educational process should be filled with teaching forms and methods to promote forming the practical abilities and skills. The method of case study plays the special role among of them. The first attempts to use this method were observed in practice of charitable organizations at the end of XIX century in the USA for social workers teaching. With a lack of textbooks and methodical manuals for professional training of specialists, the case study became the primary teaching method that included fixation, discussion, diagnostics of the real case of client. With the passing of the time, after development of the plenty specialized social work literature, case study does not lose the actuality and importance in the American teaching process. The article observes different case study classifications offered in scientific literature, namely: classifications of L. Kottrell, R. Stacke, L. Stenhaus, R. Yin. The typology proposed by R. Yin includes analytical (explanatory) and descriptive type of case study. It should be drawn upon and considered as the most suitable for an educational process within the “activity” and “competence” approach. The attention is focused on requirements to teacher qualifications, qualitative and quantitative structure of students group.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Concept Mapping’s Efficiency in Differential Equations

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Concept Maps ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Grade One

One of the existing approaches in students’ performance evaluation is to use concept mapping. There are lots of studies indicate that concept mappings can be used to evaluate the knowledge of mathematical concepts in a useful way. The best and most comprehensive way of learning is organizing study. Organizing is an expanding meaning strategy. Concept mapping is a simple way to organize and relate information, if vaguely. Lines, words, signs, and symbols are used in concept mappings. In this study, the use of concept mappings in differential equations has been investigated. To do so, a case study of understanding differential equations unit has been conducted in 90 students from Azad University. To begin with, the students went under seven sessions of differential equations of grade one, and another group was taught differential equations in a traditional way. After that, the results obtained were evaluated using SPSS software and Mann-Whitney U test to reach the conclusion. The results indicate the effectiveness of concept mappings. The students show ability to recognize the structure of differential equations that cannot be seen in the results of a traditional teaching method. In addition, the misunderstandings in misconceptions of such structures can be revealed. Therefore, it can be recommended to use the concept maps about differential equations as a complementary assessment tool along with common written tests.             

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document