scholarly journals Identification and Status of the Introduced Black Pine, Pinus nigra, and Mugo Pine, Pinus mugo, in Ontario

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Catling
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Impact On Biodiversity

Recent reference texts and other sources are contradictory regarding the spread of Pinus nigra and Pinus mugo from cultivation in Ontario. Both species have reproduced from plantings along roadsides but neither has been observed to occupy habitats in Ontario to the substantial reduction or exclusion of native species, or to substantially invade natural habitats. The more widely planted Black Pine has been recorded spreading at 24 localities throughout the eastern part of southern Ontario. Mugo Pine is reported spreading at 18 locations. Although evidently much less aggressive than Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris), both Black and Mugo pines have a potential for negative impact on biodiversity in dry, rocky or sandy habitats, especially in connection with extensive plantings. A key for the identification of two-needle pines is included. Both P. nigra and P. mugo are highly variable and reported to hybridize extensively with other species.

scholarly journals Growth and Survival Variation among Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) Provenances

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süleyman Gülcü ◽  
Nebi Bilir
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Provenance Test

Tree height, basal diameter, and survival were examined in thirteen-year-old provenance test established by 30 seed sources of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) at two exotic sites of the species in Southern part of Turkey. Variations within provenance and among provenances and relations among the traits were estimated to compare Scots pine provenance and two other native species. Averages of tree height and basal diameter were 350 cm and 52.7 mm in Aydogmus site and 385 cm and 51.2 mm in Kemer site, respectively. There were large differences within and among provenances for the characters. Sites were similar (p>0.05) for the characters, while there were significant differences (p≤0.05) among provenances within site according to results of variance analysis (ANOVA). Scots pine provenances were higher and had more thickness than that of black pine (Pinus nigraArnold) and Taurus cedar (Cedrus libaniA. Rich.) which were natural species of the region. There were positive and significant (p<0.05) correlations between height and basal diameter in the species. Average survivals were 56% and 35% of the provenances in the sites. They were 71% and 11% in black pine and 53% in Taurus cedar for the sites respectively.

scholarly journals Brassica rapa (field mustard).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Native Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Conclusive Data

Abstract Brassica rapa is an annual to biennial herb that is widely cultivated as a vegetable or oilseed crop. It has escaped and become weedy or invasive in cultivated fields and disturbed areas. In Oceania it is listed as an invasive in Australia, Fiji, New Caledonia and New Zealand. In North America it is listed as invasive in some areas of Canada and the USA. In USA, seed use is restricted in Arizona and Michigan. It is also listed as invasive in Cuba, Mexico, Nicaragua, Chile, Ecuador and Peru. There is limited information available about its invasiveness and how it affects habitats, but it has been reported that the species can displace desirable vegetation if not properly managed. In California, USA it establishes in disturbed areas and forms dense stands that can displace native vegetation. In Mexico, although B. rapa is a frequent species in disturbed areas, there are no conclusive data about its negative impact on natural habitats. Its low stature prevents B. rapa from shading other species, and as most of its growth occurs during the winter months and the rainy season it avoids competition with many native species.

ЧИСЛА ХРОМОСОМ ВИДОВ PINACEAE В БОЛГАРИИ, "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"

2012 ◽  
pp. 1238a-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. ПИМЕНОВ ◽  
Т.С. СЕДЕЛЬНИКОВА ◽  
А.Н. ТАШЕВ
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Pinus Mugo

Приведены числа хромосом и спектр хромосомных перестроек у представителей сем. Pinaceae: Picea abies, Pinus heldreichii, Pinus mugo, Pinus nigra, Pinus sylvestris, произрастающих в Болгарии. У Picea abies впервые для вида выявлены добавочные хромосомы.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ROOTSTOCKS AND THE TIME OF GRAFTING PROCEDURE ON THE EFFICIENCY OF PROPAGATION BY GRAFTING TWO CULTIVARS OF MOUNTAIN PINE (Pinus mugo Turra) AND ESTIMATION OF CHLOROPLAST PIGMENTS LEVEL IN THE NEEDLES

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Sławomir Świerczyński ◽  
Marcin Kolasiński ◽  
Aleksander Stachowiak ◽  
Magdalena Rybus-Zając
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Chloroplast Pigments ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Graft Success ◽  
Grafting Procedure

The experimental studies were conducted from 2015–2017 years in two cycles. The aim of the research was to determine a better grafting time and a choice of an appropriate rootstock for the propagation of two cultivars of mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra). The influence of the grafted cultivar and rootstock used on the level of chloroplast pigments in the needles was also checked. The studies concerned two cultivars of mountain pine (Pinus mugo) ‘Grześ’ and ‘Zundert’, which were grafted on four different rootstocks: Pinus contorta (Dougl. ex Loud.), Pinus nigra (Arn.), Pinus sylvestris (L.) and Pinus mugo subsp. uncinata (Ramond Domin) in two dates: 20 January and 15 March. The highest percentage of graft success was obtained for the two cultivars on Pinus uncinata and Pinus contorta rootstocks. A later term of grafting procedure affected bigger effectiveness of grafting of the two studied cultivars, except for the graft success on Pinus sylvestris rootstock. The highest increments of side shoots and lengths of main stems for ‘Grześ’ cultivar were obtained on Pinus nigra, and for ‘Zundert’ the influence of the rootstock on the above mentioned parameters was not evident. No significant differences in the number of increments in the first and second year of studies were observed. The highest level of chlorophyll A and B was found in the needles of ‘Grześ’ cultivar, independently from the rootstock used. Among tested rootstocks, only Pinus nigra had a significant impact on a higher content of chlorophyll B in the needles of the studied cultivars of mountain pine trees.

Effect of heat on seed germination of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Turna ◽  
Ertugrul Bilgili
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Crown Cover ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Anatolian Black Pine

The present note presents and explains the results of a study dealing with the germination of seeds subjected to heat. Seeds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana) were exposed to a range of temperatures (70, 90, 110, 130, and 150°C) for different exposure times (1 and 5 min). Germination rates were similar for all treatments and control at 1 min exposure for Anatolian black pine seeds, and almost no germination took place for all treatments at 5 min exposure. Similar results were obtained for Scots pine seeds, with the exception of a sharp decrease in the number of seeds germinated above 110°C. The effect of increasing the exposure time to 5 min was immediate, and no germination took place above 90°C. Results obtained indicate that seeds of the two species do not necessarily need fire for successful regeneration, but fires may have a positive effect on the germination by removing crown cover, thereby providing more light for the seeds deposited to the ground.

Effect of traffic-induced air pollution on seed germination of Arizona Cypress (Cupressus arizonica Green) and Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arnold)

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 126841
Author(s):  
Zahra Babapour Aliyar ◽  
Abbas Banj Shafiei ◽  
Nasrin Seyedi ◽  
Salar Rezapour ◽  
Saeed Musavi Moghanjugi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Cupressus Arizonica

scholarly journals Predicting the potential distribution of the vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis in Canadian waters: informing a risk assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 788-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Therriault ◽  
Leif-Matthias Herborg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ciona Intestinalis ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Environmental Models ◽  
Introduced Range ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Therriault, T. W., and Herborg, L-M. 2008. Predicting the potential distribution of the vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis in Canadian waters: informing a risk assessment. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 788–794. A crucial step in characterizing the potential risk posed by non-native species is determining whether a potential invader can establish in the introduced range and what its potential distribution could be. To this end, various environmental models ranging from simple to complex have been applied to predict the potential distribution of an invader, with varying levels of success. Recently, in marine waters, tunicates have received much attention, largely because of their negative impacts on shellfish aquaculture. One of these species is the vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis, which recently has had a negative impact on aquaculture operations in Atlantic Canada and could pose a risk in Pacific Canada. To inform the risk assessment of this species, we evaluated two different types of environmental model. Simple models based on reported temperature or salinity tolerances were relatively uninformative, because almost all waters were deemed suitable. In contrast, a more complex genetic algorithm for rule-set prediction (GARP) environmental niche model, based on documented Canadian occurrence points, provided informative projections of the potential distribution in Canadian waters. In addition to informing risk assessments, these predictions can be used to focus monitoring activities, particularly towards vectors that could transport C. intestinalis to these favourable environments.

Effect of phenology on agonistic competitive interactions between invasive and native sheet-web spiders

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy D. Houser ◽  
Adam H. Porter ◽  
Howard S. Ginsberg ◽  
Elizabeth M. Jakob
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linyphia Triangularis ◽  
Size Interaction ◽  
Very High

The phenologies of introduced relative to native species can greatly influence the degree and symmetry of competition between them. The European spider Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) (Linyphiidae) reaches very high densities in coastal Maine (USA). Previous studies suggest that L. triangularis negatively affects native linyphiid species, with competition for webs as one mechanism. We documented phenological differences between L. triangularis and three native species that illustrate the potential for the reversal of size-based competitive advantage over the course of the year. To test whether relative size influences interaction outcome, we allowed a resident spider to build a web and then introduced an intruder. We examined whether the outcomes of agonistic interactions over the webs were influenced by the species of the resident (invasive or native), the relative size of the contestants, and the species × size interaction. We found that the importance of relative size differed among species. In interactions between L. triangularis and each of two native species, size played a greater role than resident species on the outcome of interactions, suggesting that competitive advantage reverses over the season based on phenology-related size differences. Linyphia triangularis had a negative impact on the third species regardless of relative size.

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