In vitro inhibition of extractives from knotwood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and black pine (Pinus nigra) on growth of Schizophyllum commune, Trametes versicolor, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Fibroporia vaillantii

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1645-1662
Author(s):  
Viljem Vek ◽  
Ida Poljanšek ◽  
Miha Humar ◽  
Stefan Willför ◽  
Primož Oven
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽  
In Vitro Inhibition

scholarly journals Growth and Survival Variation among Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) Provenances

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süleyman Gülcü ◽  
Nebi Bilir
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Provenance Test

Tree height, basal diameter, and survival were examined in thirteen-year-old provenance test established by 30 seed sources of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) at two exotic sites of the species in Southern part of Turkey. Variations within provenance and among provenances and relations among the traits were estimated to compare Scots pine provenance and two other native species. Averages of tree height and basal diameter were 350 cm and 52.7 mm in Aydogmus site and 385 cm and 51.2 mm in Kemer site, respectively. There were large differences within and among provenances for the characters. Sites were similar (p>0.05) for the characters, while there were significant differences (p≤0.05) among provenances within site according to results of variance analysis (ANOVA). Scots pine provenances were higher and had more thickness than that of black pine (Pinus nigraArnold) and Taurus cedar (Cedrus libaniA. Rich.) which were natural species of the region. There were positive and significant (p<0.05) correlations between height and basal diameter in the species. Average survivals were 56% and 35% of the provenances in the sites. They were 71% and 11% in black pine and 53% in Taurus cedar for the sites respectively.

Microstructure and stiffness of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L) sapwood degraded by Gloeophyllum trabeum and Trametes versicolor – Part I: Changes in chemical composition, density and equilibrium moisture content

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Bader ◽  
Karin Hofstetter ◽  
Gry Alfredsen ◽  
Susanne Bollmus
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Equilibrium Moisture Content ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract Fungal degradation alters the microstructure of wood and its physical and chemical properties are also changed. While these changes are well investigated as a function of mass loss, mass density loss and changes in equilibrium moisture content are not well elucidated. The physical and chemical alterations are crucial when linking microstructural characteristics with macroscopic mechanical properties. In the present article, a consistent set of physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics is presented, which were measured on the same sample before and after fungal degradation. In the first part of this two-part contribution, elucidating microstructure/stiffness-relationships of degraded wood, changes in physical and chemical data are presented, which were collected from specimens of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sapwood degraded by Gloeophyllum trabeum (brown rot) and Trametes versicolor (white rot) for up to 28 weeks degradation time. A comparison of mass loss with corresponding mass density loss demonstrated that mass loss entails two effects: firstly, a decrease in sample size (more pronounced for G. trabeum), and secondly, a decrease of mass density within the sample (more pronounced for T. versicolor). These two concurrent effects are interrelated with sample size and shape. Hemicelluloses and cellulose are degraded by G. trabeum, while T. versicolor was additionally able to degrade lignin. In particular because of the breakdown of hemicelluloses and paracrystalline parts of cellulose, the equilibrium moisture content of degraded samples is lower than that in the initial state.

scholarly journals Changes in microstructure and stiffness of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L) sapwood degraded by Gloeophyllum trabeum and Trametes versicolor – Part II: Anisotropic stiffness properties

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Bader ◽  
Karin Hofstetter ◽  
Gry Alfredsen ◽  
Susanne Bollmus
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Cellulose Microfibrils ◽  
Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽  
Fungal Decay ◽  
Tangential Stiffness

Abstract Fungal decay considerably affects the macroscopic mechanical properties of wood as a result of modifications and degradations in its microscopic structure. While effects on mechanical properties related to the stem direction are fairly well understood, effects on radial and tangential directions (transverse properties) are less well investigated. In the present study, changes of longitudinal elastic moduli and stiffness data in all anatomical directions of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sapwood which was degraded by Gloeophyllum trabeum (brown rot) and Trametes versicolor (white rot) for up to 28 weeks have been investigated. Transverse properties were found to be much more deteriorated than the longitudinal ones. This is because of the degradation of the polymer matrix between the cellulose microfibrils, which has a strong effect on transverse stiffness. Longitudinal stiffness, on the other hand, is mainly governed by cellulose microfibrils, which are more stable agains fungal decay. G. trabeum (more active in earlywood) strongly weakens radial stiffness, whereas T. versicolor (more active in latewood) strongly reduces tangential stiffness. The data in terms of radial and tangential stiffnesses, as well as the corresponding anisotropy ratios, seem to be suitable as durability indicators of wood and even allow conclusions to be made on the degradation mechanisms of fungi.

Effect of heat on seed germination of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Turna ◽  
Ertugrul Bilgili
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Crown Cover ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Anatolian Black Pine

The present note presents and explains the results of a study dealing with the germination of seeds subjected to heat. Seeds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana) were exposed to a range of temperatures (70, 90, 110, 130, and 150°C) for different exposure times (1 and 5 min). Germination rates were similar for all treatments and control at 1 min exposure for Anatolian black pine seeds, and almost no germination took place for all treatments at 5 min exposure. Similar results were obtained for Scots pine seeds, with the exception of a sharp decrease in the number of seeds germinated above 110°C. The effect of increasing the exposure time to 5 min was immediate, and no germination took place above 90°C. Results obtained indicate that seeds of the two species do not necessarily need fire for successful regeneration, but fires may have a positive effect on the germination by removing crown cover, thereby providing more light for the seeds deposited to the ground.

Concentrations of terpenes in mycorrhizal roots of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings grown in vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Napierała-Filipiak ◽  
Antoni Werner ◽  
Marek Mardarowicz ◽  
Jan Gawdzik
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Mycorrhizal Roots

scholarly journals Application of various statistical methods to analyze genetic diversity of Austrian (Pinus nigra Arn.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) based on protein markers

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Lucic ◽  
Vasilije Isajev ◽  
Ljubinko Rakonjac ◽  
Milan Mataruga ◽  
Vojka Babic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Observation Units ◽  
Precise Understanding

This paper presents the results of studies on protein polymorphism in seeds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) as the most important economic species of the genus Pinus in Serbia. Polymorphism of protein markers was determined in selected genotypes originating from seven populations (Scots pine) and six populations (Austrian pine). Analysis of protein markers was performed using two statistical methods, NTSYS and correspondence analysis. Both methods give the same arrangement of the analyzed populations, whereby, because of a different view of genetic distances, they can and should be combined, enabling easier and more precise understanding of mutual relationships of the observation units.

scholarly journals Extracts of pine bark (Pinus sylvestris) inhibit Cryptosporidium parvum growth in cell culture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Marie Blomstrand ◽  
Heidi Larsen Enemark ◽  
Øivind Øines ◽  
Håvard Steinshamn ◽  
Inga Marie Aasen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractThe widespread apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum is responsible for severe gastrointestinal disease in humans and animals. The treatment options are limited, and the efficacy of available drugs is low. Bark contains condensed tannins (CT), which are bioactive compounds previously shown to inhibit parasite development. Here, we examined the anti-cryptosporidial properties of bark extract of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) against C. parvum by means of an in vitro growth inhibition test. We hypothesised that bark extracts would have dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the development of C. parvum in cell culture.Bark extracts from Scots pine extracted with acetone, methanol, and water as solvents were investigated using human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells infected with C. parvum. Oocysts were inoculated onto the cell monolayer and bark extract was added at seven different concentrations. Parasite growth inhibition was quantified by qPCR.The acetone and methanol extracts demonstrated a sigmoid dose-dependent inhibition of C. parvum. The IC50 values were 244.6 and 279.1 µg dry matter extract/mL, and 25.4 and 24.1 µg CT/mL, for acetone and methanol extracts, respectively. The IC50 for both extracts were similar, both with regard to the dry matter concentration of each extract and to CT concentrations.Given the limited treatment options available for Cryptosporidium spp., the evidence generated in our study encourages further investigation into the in vitro and in vivo effects of pine bark extracts against C. parvum.

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