scholarly journals Bacterial overgrowth syndrome in adolescents with Сhronic viral hepatitis C

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
N. D. Venclovaite ◽  
L. G. Goryacheva ◽  
V. A. Greshnyakova ◽  
N. A. Efremova ◽  
I. V. Shilova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Cytolytic Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
Overgrowth Syndrome ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

There is a close relationship between intestine and liver, so-called ‘gut liver’ axis, especially in patients suffered from chronic liver diseases with significant degree of fibrosis. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and disturbance in the microbiota composition lead to an increase in the permeability of the intestinal epithelium, the development of endotoxinemia, the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and, as a consequence, an additional damage to hepatocytes.Objective. To estimate the incidence of bacterial overgrowth syndrome (BOS) in the small intestine in adolescents with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), to identify the interaction between this syndrome and cytolytic activity, the degree of fibrosis.Materials and methods. There is a group of 33 patients aged 12—17 years old with CHC. All children underwent a hydrogen breath test with lactulose. The degree of fibrosis was assessed by the results of liver elastography (Fibroscan), cytolytic activity was determined by the level of alanine transaminase in serum.Results. The frequency of BOS was 81.8% in the study group. As a result of the correlation analysis, no relationship was found between the development of BOS and the degree of cytolytic activity of chronic hepatitis C (criterion χ2= 0.914, p > 0.05). Also, there was no correlation between excessive bacterial contamination and the degree of fibrosis in the liver tissue (criterion χ2= 0.914,p> 0.05).Conclusion. BOS in children with CHC occurs much more often than in adults. However, no relationship was found between this syndrome and the severity of cytolytic activity, the degree of fibrotic changes in the liver.

scholarly journals Histopathological and immunocytochemical changes in the liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Maja Jovanovic ◽  
Ljiljana Konstantinovic ◽  
Vuka Katic ◽  
Slavisa Ciric ◽  
Velimir Kostic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Viremia Level ◽  
Chronic Active Viral Hepatitis

Background. The presence of lymphocytes within the liver parenchyma is related to immunologically mediated liver damage in chronic hepatitis C. The aim of the study was to make histological, histochemical, and immunocytochemical assessment of liver biopsy specimens in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods. Biopsy specimens of 20 patients with chronic HCV disease were analyzed, using standard staining procedures to verify histologic liver lesions, as well as immunoenzymatic staining with monoclonal antibodies to detect CD4+ T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, and macrophages. Results. Micromorphologic characteristics of chronic active viral hepatitis C were present in all the patients, differing, hower, by the level of their activity. Dominant changes were found within the portal space, consisting of mononuclear lympho-plasmocytic infiltration and macrophages. Immunocytochemical investigation of mononuclear and macrophageal infiltration showed the correlation between micromorphological findings and the degree of the activity. Conclusion. The presence of lymphocytic and macrophageal infiltration within the hepatic tissue directly correlated with the intensity of the liver damage. Analysis of the population of cellular infiltrate in the liver together with the monitoring of viremia level and the level of hepatocyte necrosis, could be useful tools for elucidation of the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C.

scholarly journals Significance of iron reduction for the therapy of chronic hepatitis C

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darko Nozic ◽  
Bela Balint ◽  
Nebojsa Stankovic ◽  
Jovan Dimitrijevic ◽  
Gorana Neskovic
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Iron Deposits

Background. It has been established that many patients with chronic hepatitis C have elevated serum iron, feritin levels and iron deposits in the liver. Therefore, the liver damage due to hepatitis C virus may be aggravated with iron overload. In many studies higher levels of iron in the blood and the liver were connected with the decreased response to interferon-alfa therapy for chronic viral hepatitis C. Recent introduction of pegylated interferons plus ribavirin has improved the therapeutic response, so it is now possible to cure more than 50% of the patients. Case report. Three patients with chronic hepatitis C and iron overload were presented. Iron reduction therapy using phlebotomy or eritrocytapheresis with plasmapheresis was done at different times in regard to specific antiviral therapy or as a sole therapy. Conclusion. It has been shown that iron reduction, sole or combined with antiviral therapy, led to the deacreased aminotransferase serum activity and might have slow down the evolution of chronic hepatitis C viral infection.

scholarly journals THE PATHOGENETIC SIGNIFICANCE OF GENE IL28B POLYMORPHISMS AT SITES RS12979860 AND RS8099917 IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS C IN PATIENTS OF THE SOUTH-EASTERN REGION OF BELARUS

2016 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Z. V. Shuliak ◽  
E. I. Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Acute Viral Infection ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Polymerase Chain

To study the role of IL28B gene polymorphisms in the development of chronic hepatitis C, we have determined polymorphic types of the gene at sites rs12979860 and rs8099917 using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction with real-time product detection in 21 patients with this disease. We have found the association of chronic hepatitis C with the presence of unfavorable TT genotype of gene IL28B polymorphism rs12979860, which can be regarded as a predictor of the development of this pathology. Favorable genotypes of CC rs12979860 and TT polymorphism of rs8099917 of gene IL28B are more common in healthy individuals and they are associated with higher activity of the inflammatory process in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Therefore, gene IL28B polymorphisms can affect not only the outcome of an acute viral infection but also the further course of chronic hepatitis C.

scholarly journals Porphyria cutanea tarda concomitant with chronic hepatitis C

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
N. P Teplyuk ◽  
Ekaterina Yu. Vertieva ◽  
D. V Ignatyev ◽  
I. S Dzhavakhishvili
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda ◽  
Heme Biosynthesis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

Porphyrias form a group of rare metabolic diseases associated with disorders in the heme biosynthesis enzymes, leading to porphyrin accumulation in tissues. The disease is rare and is often diagnosed too late. The most incident is porphyria cutanea tarda. All patients with this condition should be tested for viral hepatites and hemochromatosis. A clinical case is presented: a patient with porphyria cutanea tarda associated with alcohol abuse and viral hepatitis C.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of alpha interferon (+ ribavirin) in the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis C genotypes 2 and 3 in a brazilian sample

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice Beatriz Treter Gonçalves ◽  
Karine Medeiros Amaral ◽  
Guilherme Becker Sander ◽  
Norberto Luis Campos Martins ◽  
Lisandra Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Virological Response ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Alpha Interferon ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Treatment Interruptions ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

CONTEXT: Pharmacovigilance studies aim to detect, assess, understand and prevent risks of adverse effects of medications or any other possible drug related problem. Alpha interferon is being produced by Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil and used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C at Brazilian National Health System. OBJECTIVE: To study the safety profile and effectiveness of alpha interferon in a sample of Brazilian patients with chronic hepatitis C genotypes 2 and 3, in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. METHOD: We followed a cohort of chronic hepatitis C genotypes 2 and 3 patients treated with alpha interferon plus ribavirin in a specialized outpatient clinic in southern Brazil. Adverse events were collected and classified according to severity in monthly structured interviews. To measure effectiveness, hepatitis C viral load was evaluated before, at the end and 24 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS: We followed 141 patients during the study period, of which 52.5% were female with mean age of 52 years. The most frequent adverse events were fatigue (84%), headache (79%) and myalgia (75%). There were 13 treatment interruptions due to adverse events, 9 of those considered serious adverse events. Virological response at end of treatment was 54.6% and after 24 weeks 39.7%, considering all patients who started treatment. CONCLUSION: The product produced by Bio-Manguinhos has similar efficacy and adverse event and sustained virological response profiles comparable to those found in the literature. This is the first study of pharmacovigilance performed with the Brazilian product. These data will be useful for planning and management of this disease in Brazil.

Insulin Resistance in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Beti Todorovska ◽  
Viktorija Caloska-Ivanova ◽  
Magdalena Dimitrova-Genadieva ◽  
Elena Curakova ◽  
Nenad Joksimovic
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Treatment Naïve

Abstract Introduction. Insulin resistance is the most common extrahepatic manifestation associated with hepatitis C virus, which leads to developing more pronounced fibrosis and liver steatosis. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance in non-diabetic, treatment naive patients with chronic hepatitis C and to analyze the relation of insulin resistance with genotype, viral load, gender, age, laboratory parameters, inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the liver, body mass index (BMI) and the presence of steatosis. Methods. In this cross sectional study, 224 patients with hepatitis C viral infection were included. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group was with no insulin resistance and the second one with present insulin resistance. They were compared in terms of genotype, viral load, gender, age, inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the liver, BMI and liver steatosis. Results. Insulin resistance was present in 45.5% of patients. The following factors were associated with insulin resistance: age (p=0.0022), inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the liver (p=0.001, p=0.006, respectively), steatosis (p=0.015) and transaminase activities (for AST, p=0,002, for ALT, p=0.001). Conclusion. In the Republic of Macedonia, a high percent of 45.5% among non-diabetic and treatment naïve patients with chronic viral hepatitis C, had insulin resistance. Insulin resistance was more prevalent in older patients, in those with more pronounced inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the liver, in patients with steatosis and in those with higher transaminase activity.

scholarly journals Preclinical Characteristics of the Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Protease Inhibitor ITMN-191 (R7227)

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 4432-4441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Seiwert ◽  
Steven W. Andrews ◽  
Yutong Jiang ◽  
Vladimir Serebryany ◽  
Hua Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Dissociation Rate ◽  
Single Digit ◽  
Surface Receptors

ABSTRACT Future treatments for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are likely to include agents that target viral components directly. Here, the preclinical characteristics of ITMN-191, a peptidomimetic inhibitor of the NS3/4A protease of HCV, are described. ITMN-191 inhibited a reference genotype 1 NS3/4A protein in a time-dependent fashion, a hallmark of an inhibitor with a two-step binding mechanism and a low dissociation rate. Under preequilibrium conditions, 290 pM ITMN-191 half-maximally inhibited the reference NS3/4A protease, but a 35,000-fold-higher concentration did not appreciably inhibit a panel of 79 proteases, ion channels, transporters, and cell surface receptors. Subnanomolar biochemical potency was maintained against NS3/4A derived from HCV genotypes 4, 5, and 6, while single-digit nanomolar potency was observed against NS3/4A from genotypes 2b and 3a. Dilution of a preformed enzyme inhibitor complex indicated ITMN-191 remained bound to and inhibited NS3/4A for more than 5 h after its initial association. In cell-based potency assays, half-maximal reduction of genotype 1b HCV replicon RNA was afforded by 1.8 nM; 45 nM eliminated the HCV replicon from cells. Peginterferon alfa-2a displayed a significant degree of antiviral synergy with ITMN-191 and reduced the concentration of ITMN-191 required for HCV replicon elimination. A 30-mg/kg of body weight oral dose administered to rats or monkeys yielded liver concentrations 12 h after dosing that exceeded the ITMN-191 concentration required to eliminate replicon RNA from cells. These preclinical characteristics compare favorably to those of other inhibitors of NS3/4A in clinical development and therefore support the clinical investigation of ITMN-191 for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.

scholarly journals THE SIGNS OF CARBOHYDRATE-LIPID METABOLISM DISTURBANCE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
G. M. Jeenalieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

Background. Viral hepatitis C (CHC) is an urgent problem due to its prevalence, high risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Viral hepatitis C can cause disruption of many biochemical processes in the liver cells, primarily that of carbohydrate - lipid metabolism. Objective. To study carbohydrate-lipid metabolism disturbances in patients with CHC. Material and methods. The study included 124 patients with paucisymptomatic chronic hepatitis C. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the indicators recommended by the Committee of Experts of the Russian Society of Cardiology (2007). Results. The parameters of lipid metabolism were studied in 52 of 124 patients with CHC. 29 of 52 patients with CHC (55.7%) showed a decrease in HDL cholesterol and an increase in LDL cholesterol, including a 2- fold increase in VLDL. The metabolic syndrome was detected in 22.5% of patients with CHC, 62.9% of patients had the manifestations of dyslipidemia (steatosis or steatohepatitis of the liver, obesity, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus). Conclusions. In patients with CHC, carbohydrate-lipid metabolism disturbance was revealed as an integral indicator of metabolic syndrome, its incidence rising with the increase in activity and duration of the infectious process.

scholarly journals Features of ophthalmic disorders in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C before and after antiviral treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-991
Author(s):  
G E Akberova ◽  
F R Saifullina ◽  
I M Khaertynova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis C

Aim. To study the features of ophthalmic disorders in patients with chronic viral hepatitis C before and after antiviral treatment. Methods. 40 patients (80 eyes) with chronic hepatitis C were observed (the main group). The control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects (40 eyes). To diagnose chronic hepatitis C infection and to assess liver damage a set of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory tests was performed. All patients underwent liver ultrasonography. The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C was set up according to presence of immunoglobulin M and G to hepatitis C virus and presence of viral RNA on polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood. Along with standard opthalmic examination, visual field testing using the white and chromatic light and visual lability testing were performed. Results. Color vision impairments were diagnosed in 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C, with decreased visual lability for the red and green colors in 100% of cases. After 6 months of antiviral treatment restoration of visual function was observed. The durability of visual impairments in patients with chronic hepatitis C depended on the severity of the disease. Conclusion. In patients with chronic hepatitis C with the short term of the disease ophthalmic disorders such as decreased peripheral vision, color vision impairments, decreased visual lability are reversible.

scholarly journals Ecological state of colon cavitary microbiota in patients with chronic course of viral hepatitis c

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
L. I. Sydorchuk ◽  
D. V. Rotar ◽  
A. S. Sydorchuk ◽  
S. E. Dejneka ◽  
I. Y. Sydorchuk
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Microbiological Examination ◽  
Chronic Course

The article presents results of microbiological examination of 72 samples of colon contents of patients with chronic hepatitis C (control group is consisted of 87 samples of colon contents of the healthy people) and studied ecological changes in taxonomic composition of the investigated biotope. It has been established that patients with chronic hepatitis C form a tendency to elimination of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli from colon cavity (decrease in the index of constancy on 9.94 % and frequency of occurrence on 57.14 %), as well as Eubacteria (on 3,88 % and by 2 times, respectively) and an increase in the persistence of Peptostreptococci, Clostridia, Proteus, Staphylococci and yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida, which creates conditions for contamination and persistence in the investigated biotope of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic Enterobacteria (EPEC, E. coli Hly+, E. coli Lac-, Cytrobacter, Enterobacter, Serratia), Peptococcus.

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