scholarly journals Przewagi komparatywne w handlu zagranicznym Polski na przykładzie produktów rolno-spożywczych i pozostałych

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (1) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Food Products ◽  
International Market ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
Polish Foreign

Because of globalization and economic integration, the competitiveness of entities is more and more often analyzed in the context of their links with the international market. The aim of the article is to assess the comparative advantages in Poland's foreign trade in agri-food products in comparison to trade in other products. The study uses the relative trade advantage indices RTA. This study was preceded by a discussion of the results of foreign trade. The source of data was the WITS-Comtrade database. The study showed that Poland's foreign trade is characterized by a diversified level of comparative advantages. Of the twenty HS sections, in 2016 Poland had comparative advantages in trade of products from two agri-food sections and seven other sections. These sections accounted for approximately 9% and 50% of Poland's trade turnover, respectively. The development of Polish foreign trade in agri-food products, as well as quite significant comparative advantages in trade of these products, indicate the competitiveness and high importance of the Polish agri-food sector for the national economy.

Identification of Comparative Advantages of Agricultural Products and Products of Processed Food Sector of Serbia

2017 ◽  
pp. 59-80
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
International Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Comparative Advantages

In the third chapter, the authors were studying the competitiveness and comparative advantage of agricultural products and products of processed food sector of Serbia on international market. Readers will be familiar with the foreign trade exchange of agricultural products and products of processed food sector in the period 2005-2015. They will find out for which products the indices of comparative advantage of export have a positive value and will understand the connection with a surplus in foreign trade exchange of agricultural products and products of processed food sector. Readers will be informed on products that prevail in export, i.e. will perceive the export potential of Serbian food industry. They will see which sectors aren't sufficiently propulsive and need to provide an adequate support in the future. Readers will be familiar with developmental problems of agri-food sector of other countries and will understand the significance of transfer of knowledge and experience in the development of processed food sector of Serbia.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Agricultural Products Export Competitiveness of the Republic of Serbia Based on the RCA Index

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Cvetković ◽  
Marija Petrović-Ranđelović
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Research Show

AbstractAgriculture of the Republic of Serbia is a significant economic branch, due to the specifics of production, tradition and because of the enormous potential that it holds for improving competitive performance and development of the national economy. For this reason, in all strategic documents agriculture is recognised as a vital branch for the development of the national economy, which can be achieved by an increase in productivity and greater foreign exchange, especially with the neighbouring countries. Bearing in mind that agricultural food products represent a very important part of foreign trade of the Republic of Serbia with the countries of the Western Balkans, the goal of the research is to point out the comparative advantages of the Republic of Serbia in the exchange of agricultural and food products with the countries in the region, by applying the Balassa index. The realisation of the principal objective of the research was carried out using the methods of comparative advantage, historical method, trends method, methods of analysis and synthesis. The results of research show that the Republic of Serbia has distinct comparative advantages in relation to the countries in the Western Balkans, with the exception of the Republic of Croatia. The key contribution of this paper lies in providing a clearer insight into the comparative advantages of the Republic of Serbia in foreign trade with the countries in the region, as well as pointing out the priority directions of activities of competent authorities in order to intensify. the agricultural export, especially high quality and products at a higher level of processing.

scholarly journals Comparative advantages in Polish export to the European Union — food products vs selected groups of non-food products

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-308
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Research Period ◽  
The Eu

Research background: Globalisation and economic integration are the reasons for which the competitiveness of economic entities is analysed more and more often in the context of their relations with the international market. One of the ways to assess the competitiveness of the Polish food sector is an analysis of comparative (relative) advantages in the export of this sector’s products. Purpose of the article: The objective of this paper is to assess comparative advantages in Polish export of food products to the European Union against a background of selected groups of non-food products. Methods: The study used the B. Balassa’s revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index. The study is preceded by a brief review of foreign trade results. The source of data was the WITS-Comtrade commercial database. The analysis was carried out at the level of the HS sections (in commodity terms). The research period covered the years 2003–2015. Findings & Value added: In the years 2003–2015, export of food increased nearly six times and its import — more than 4.5 times. The major partners of Poland as regards trade in food were the EU countries. The food sector was one of few sectors of the economy with the positive trade balance. Polish export to the EU was characterised by a diversified level of comparative advantages. From among 20 HS sections, in 2015 Poland had comparative advantages in export to the EU countries for products from 10 sections (2 food and 8 non-food). Those products accounted for 11% and 70% of Polish export to the EU, respectively. The development of Polish foreign trade in food products during the Polish membership in the EU as well as fairly high comparative advantages in the export of these products to the EU indicate the competitiveness and significant importance of the Polish food sector for the national economy.

scholarly journals Trade of agri-food products in the EU enlargement process: Evidence from the Southeastern Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matkovski Bojan ◽  
Zekic Stanislav ◽  
Savic Mirko ◽  
Radovanov Boris
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Food Products ◽  
International Market ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Total Foreign Trade

Since the last decade, significant changes have occurred in the trade flows of agri-food products of the Southeastern European countries (SEE) due to adjustment to international market. Namely, as all countries of the SEE strive to be full members of the EU; market opportunities have been changing, primarily because of the reduced barriers on trade with the EU, as well as with the regional countries. In order to investigate the effects of the liberalization process of the agri-food sector of the SEE countries on their export, as well as the total foreign trade, a gravity model based on panel data in the period 2005–2015 has been estimated. According to the results, liberalization of the market in the SEE countries, as a consequence of the EU enlargement process, as well as regional integrations, had positive effects on the total foreign trade of agri-food products. Despite the positive liberalization effects on the agri-food trade, all SEE countries have a lower level of competitiveness than the EU countries, so an organized access to products which possess comparative advantages will be an important condition for the achievement of their particular positions at the international market.

scholarly journals Comparative advantages in Polish export to the European Union — food products vs selected groups of non-food products

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-308
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Research Period ◽  
The Eu

Research background: Globalisation and economic integration are the reasons for which the competitiveness of economic entities is analysed more and more often in the context of their relations with the international market. One of the ways to assess the competitiveness of the Polish food sector is an analysis of comparative (relative) advantages in the export of this sector’s products. Purpose of the article: The objective of this paper is to assess comparative advantages in Polish export of food products to the European Union against a background of selected groups of non-food products. Methods: The study used the B. Balassa’s revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index. The study is preceded by a brief review of foreign trade results. The source of data was the WITS-Comtrade commercial database. The analysis was carried out at the level of the HS sections (in commodity terms). The research period covered the years 2003–2015. Findings & Value added: In the years 2003–2015, export of food increased nearly six times and its import — more than 4.5 times. The major partners of Poland as regards trade in food were the EU countries. The food sector was one of few sectors of the economy with the positive trade balance. Polish export to the EU was characterised by a diversified level of comparative advantages. From among 20 HS sections, in 2015 Poland had comparative advantages in export to the EU countries for products from 10 sections (2 food and 8 non-food). Those products accounted for 11% and 70% of Polish export to the EU, respectively. The development of Polish foreign trade in food products during the Polish membership in the EU as well as fairly high comparative advantages in the export of these products to the EU indicate the competitiveness and significant importance of the Polish food sector for the national economy.

scholarly journals Structure and Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade in Agro -Food Sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Vesna Mrdalj
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Industry Trade ◽  
Unit Value ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Well Data

This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the structure and determinants of intra –industry trade specialization in agro food sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina over the transition period. The empirical analysis based on calculation of the following indicators: Grubel – Lloyd index (GL), Revealed Comparative Advantages (RCA indicator) and Relative unit value (RUV indicator). In order to show the level of intra-industry trade specialisation and to examine comparative advantages at sectoral level, as well for individual product group, are calculated Grubel – Lloyd index and RCA indicator. RUV indicator is used for analysis of two components of total intra-industry trade (TIIT); horizontal intra – industry trade (HIIT) and vertical intra- industry trade (VIIT) of agro-food products in Bosnia and Hercegovina. The analysis and calculations of above mentioned indicators are conducted using the data about international trade of agro-food products in Bosnia and Hercegovina for period of time 2008-2015, as well data at 4 – digit level, classified according to HS (Harmonised System). The final analysis in this paper is finished through applying K - means cluster analysis. K - means method was used for identificiation of different clusters of agricultural and food commodity groups related to comparative advantages, level of specialization in intra – industry trade, as well as the ratio between unit value export and unit value import. The emprical results indicated that GL index for observed period at sectoral level is lower than 50 %. The values of RCA indicator for agro-food sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina in international trade and to important trade markets indicate lack of comaparative advantages. In the structure of intra – industry trade is dominated vertical specialization.

scholarly journals РЕСПУБЛИКА БУРЯТИЯ В РОССИЙСКО-МОНГОЛЬСКОЙ ТОРГОВЛЕ

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
В. О. Намжилова
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Business Ties

В статье представлен анализ динамики внешнеторговых связей Республики Бурятия с Монголией за последнее десятилетие. Рассмотрено как участие региона в формировании российско-монгольского товарооборота, так и место Монголии во внешнеторговых связях республики. В товарной структуре региональной торговли с Монголией обозначен тренд расширения номенклатуры экспорта и импорта, главным образом за счёт продуктов питания. Отмечается вовлечение во внешнеторговые связи малого и среднего бизнеса при поддержке региональных властей. Отдельно рассмотрена транспортно-логистическая среда в Республике Бурятия, где консолидируется значительная часть следующих в Монголию грузов со всех российских регионов. Ключевые слова: российско-монгольская торговля, Республика Бурятия, Монголия, экспорт продуктов питания; развитие деловых связей, автомобильные и железнодорожные грузоперевозки. The article presents the analysis of the dynamics of foreign trade relations between the Republic of Buryatia and Mongolia over the past decade. Both the participation of the region in the formation of the Russian-Mongolian trade turnover and the place of Mongolia in the republic's foreign trade relations have been reviewed. In the commodity structure of regional trade with Mongolia, there is a trend towards expanding the range of exports and imports, mainly due to food products. Involvement of small and medium-sized businesses in foreign trade with the support of regional authorities is noted. The transport and logistics environment in the Republic of Buryatia is considered separately; a significant part of cargoes arriving from all Russian regions is consolidated here. Keywords: Russian-Mongolian trade, the Republic of Buryatia, Mongolia, export of food products, development of business ties, road and rail freight.

Competitiveness of agri-food foreign trade in conditions of the Slovak Republic

10.5219/1686 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 694-702
Author(s):  
Anna Látečková ◽  
Michaela Trnková ◽  
Jozef Palkovič ◽  
Ivan Holúbek
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Research Assumptions ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Balance Deficit

The presented paper aims to evaluate the development and competitiveness of agri-food foreign trade of the Slovak Republic for the period 2016 – 2020. In the article, we present the priorities of Slovakia within the commodity structure. We use the RCA indicator to identify comparative advantages. In this paper, we also compare the actual and estimated development of agri-food foreign trade of the Slovak Republic in the years 2018 – 2020. Based on the reached results, we can state that we achieve an ever-increasing trade balance deficit in agri-food foreign trade. Produced results confirmed all the research assumptions presented in the paper. Despite the increase in export and import of agri-food products, the negative trade balance is still deeper. A significant deviation of real development from the predicted values can be explained by the influence of the worldwide pandemic of the coronavirus COVID-19, which slowed down the possible further development of agricultural trade.

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