scholarly journals Trade of agri-food products in the EU enlargement process: Evidence from the Southeastern Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matkovski Bojan ◽  
Zekic Stanislav ◽  
Savic Mirko ◽  
Radovanov Boris
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Food Products ◽  
International Market ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Total Foreign Trade

Since the last decade, significant changes have occurred in the trade flows of agri-food products of the Southeastern European countries (SEE) due to adjustment to international market. Namely, as all countries of the SEE strive to be full members of the EU; market opportunities have been changing, primarily because of the reduced barriers on trade with the EU, as well as with the regional countries. In order to investigate the effects of the liberalization process of the agri-food sector of the SEE countries on their export, as well as the total foreign trade, a gravity model based on panel data in the period 2005–2015 has been estimated. According to the results, liberalization of the market in the SEE countries, as a consequence of the EU enlargement process, as well as regional integrations, had positive effects on the total foreign trade of agri-food products. Despite the positive liberalization effects on the agri-food trade, all SEE countries have a lower level of competitiveness than the EU countries, so an organized access to products which possess comparative advantages will be an important condition for the achievement of their particular positions at the international market.

scholarly journals Comparative advantages in Polish export to the European Union — food products vs selected groups of non-food products

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-308
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Research Period ◽  
The Eu

Research background: Globalisation and economic integration are the reasons for which the competitiveness of economic entities is analysed more and more often in the context of their relations with the international market. One of the ways to assess the competitiveness of the Polish food sector is an analysis of comparative (relative) advantages in the export of this sector’s products. Purpose of the article: The objective of this paper is to assess comparative advantages in Polish export of food products to the European Union against a background of selected groups of non-food products. Methods: The study used the B. Balassa’s revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index. The study is preceded by a brief review of foreign trade results. The source of data was the WITS-Comtrade commercial database. The analysis was carried out at the level of the HS sections (in commodity terms). The research period covered the years 2003–2015. Findings & Value added: In the years 2003–2015, export of food increased nearly six times and its import — more than 4.5 times. The major partners of Poland as regards trade in food were the EU countries. The food sector was one of few sectors of the economy with the positive trade balance. Polish export to the EU was characterised by a diversified level of comparative advantages. From among 20 HS sections, in 2015 Poland had comparative advantages in export to the EU countries for products from 10 sections (2 food and 8 non-food). Those products accounted for 11% and 70% of Polish export to the EU, respectively. The development of Polish foreign trade in food products during the Polish membership in the EU as well as fairly high comparative advantages in the export of these products to the EU indicate the competitiveness and significant importance of the Polish food sector for the national economy.

scholarly journals Przewagi komparatywne w handlu zagranicznym Polski na przykładzie produktów rolno-spożywczych i pozostałych

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (1) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Food Products ◽  
International Market ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
Polish Foreign

Because of globalization and economic integration, the competitiveness of entities is more and more often analyzed in the context of their links with the international market. The aim of the article is to assess the comparative advantages in Poland's foreign trade in agri-food products in comparison to trade in other products. The study uses the relative trade advantage indices RTA. This study was preceded by a discussion of the results of foreign trade. The source of data was the WITS-Comtrade database. The study showed that Poland's foreign trade is characterized by a diversified level of comparative advantages. Of the twenty HS sections, in 2016 Poland had comparative advantages in trade of products from two agri-food sections and seven other sections. These sections accounted for approximately 9% and 50% of Poland's trade turnover, respectively. The development of Polish foreign trade in agri-food products, as well as quite significant comparative advantages in trade of these products, indicate the competitiveness and high importance of the Polish agri-food sector for the national economy.

scholarly journals Comparative advantages in Polish export to the European Union — food products vs selected groups of non-food products

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-308
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Research Period ◽  
The Eu

Research background: Globalisation and economic integration are the reasons for which the competitiveness of economic entities is analysed more and more often in the context of their relations with the international market. One of the ways to assess the competitiveness of the Polish food sector is an analysis of comparative (relative) advantages in the export of this sector’s products. Purpose of the article: The objective of this paper is to assess comparative advantages in Polish export of food products to the European Union against a background of selected groups of non-food products. Methods: The study used the B. Balassa’s revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index. The study is preceded by a brief review of foreign trade results. The source of data was the WITS-Comtrade commercial database. The analysis was carried out at the level of the HS sections (in commodity terms). The research period covered the years 2003–2015. Findings & Value added: In the years 2003–2015, export of food increased nearly six times and its import — more than 4.5 times. The major partners of Poland as regards trade in food were the EU countries. The food sector was one of few sectors of the economy with the positive trade balance. Polish export to the EU was characterised by a diversified level of comparative advantages. From among 20 HS sections, in 2015 Poland had comparative advantages in export to the EU countries for products from 10 sections (2 food and 8 non-food). Those products accounted for 11% and 70% of Polish export to the EU, respectively. The development of Polish foreign trade in food products during the Polish membership in the EU as well as fairly high comparative advantages in the export of these products to the EU indicate the competitiveness and significant importance of the Polish food sector for the national economy.

Identification of Comparative Advantages of Agricultural Products and Products of Processed Food Sector of Serbia

2017 ◽  
pp. 59-80
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
International Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Comparative Advantages

In the third chapter, the authors were studying the competitiveness and comparative advantage of agricultural products and products of processed food sector of Serbia on international market. Readers will be familiar with the foreign trade exchange of agricultural products and products of processed food sector in the period 2005-2015. They will find out for which products the indices of comparative advantage of export have a positive value and will understand the connection with a surplus in foreign trade exchange of agricultural products and products of processed food sector. Readers will be informed on products that prevail in export, i.e. will perceive the export potential of Serbian food industry. They will see which sectors aren't sufficiently propulsive and need to provide an adequate support in the future. Readers will be familiar with developmental problems of agri-food sector of other countries and will understand the significance of transfer of knowledge and experience in the development of processed food sector of Serbia.

scholarly journals Influence of the EU enlargement on the agrarian foreign trade development in member states

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 233-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Svatoš ◽  
L. Smutka
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Member States ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Eu

The paper analyses the development of agrarian foreign trade of the EC/EU states in the period 1961–2006. The aim of the analysis is to evaluate the influence of the EC/EU member base enlargement on the development of the value and territorial structure of the Community agrarian trade. Additionally, the paper analyses the impacts of the accession of the particular countries on their own and the total agrarian trade of the Community with the aim to clarify the development trends which preceded the accession to the EC/EU and which subsequently appear after the accession of the given state to the Community. Development trends recorded in the case of all joined countries in the period 1973–2006 are compared and in the final part of the paper, the impacts of the enlargement of the EC/EU on the development of internal (intra) and external (extra) trade are summarised.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE IN POLISH FOREIGN TRADE IN FOOD AND NON-FOOD PRODUCTS ON THE WORLD AND EUROPEAN UNION MARKET

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Trade Surplus ◽  
The World ◽  
Polish Foreign ◽  
The Eu

The progressive processes of globalisation, integration and liberalisation of economies are the reason for which the competitiveness of economic entities is increasingly analysed in the context of their links with the international market. One of the ways to assess competitiveness is to analyse the comparative (relative) advantage in trade in products of a given economic sector. The objective of the article is to assess the comparative advantage in Polish foreign trade in food and non-food products, both in total Polish trade and with European Union Member States. The studies used the RTA relative trade advantage index. The data source was the WITS-Comtrade commercial database. The studies show that, in the years 2004-2017, there was a rapid development of Polish foreign trade in food products, in particular with the EU, resulting in a high trade surplus. Trade in non-food products grew more slowly, and the trade balance was negative. It is shown that Poland had a comparative advantage and was competitive on the world market (also on the EU market) in trade in these products, but did not have such an advantage in total trade in non-food products. The results obtained indicate international competitiveness of the Polish food sector and its large importance for national trade and payment balance.

scholarly journals The foreign trade liberalization and export of agri-food products of Serbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 331-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matkovski Bojan ◽  
Lovre Koviljko ◽  
Zekic Stanislav
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Food Products ◽  
World Market ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
European Free Trade Association ◽  
Comparative Advantages

Liberalization of the market, as a consequence of the achieved trade agreements with the members of the European Union and the Central European Free Trade Association, had a significant effect on the foreign trade exchange of the Serbian agri-food products. In order to determine the liberalization effects on the export of agri-food products of Serbia, a gravity model of the export of these products is estimated using econometric methods for the panel data. In order to find the sections, as well as the advantageous parts of the international market, the comparative advantages of agri-food products in the particular groups of countries are dynamically analysed using the index of the revealed comparative advantages, whereas the level of specialization in the international trade exchange of these products is analysed using the index of the intra-industry trade. In relation to the main objective of the article, which was to identify the effects of the foreign trade liberalization on the performances of the foreign trade in agri-food products, it may be stated that liberalization had positive effects on the intensification of foreign trade with the analysed group of countries, as well as on the increase of the revealed comparative advantages of the agri-food sector in the world market.

scholarly journals Changes in comparative advantages of the Polish food sector in world trade

Equilibrium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-480
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Products ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Positive Balance ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
The Eu

Research background: The period after Poland's accession to the European Union is a period of systematic development of Polish foreign trade in food products. Positive changes were visible already in the first year, but trade turnover and the balance of food exchange were even more dynamic in the subsequent years of Poland's membership in the EU. Purpose of the article: One way to assess the competitiveness of Polish food sector is the analysis of comparative advantages (relative) in the trade of products of this sector. So the aim of the presented research is to assess the comparative ad-vantages of the Polish food sector (including its most important chapters). Methods: The analysis of comparative advantages was based on relative trade advantage index (RTA) and the Lafay trade balance index (TBI). The analyses cover the years 2004–2017. The data source was the WITS-Comtrade trading database, in which trade flows are expressed in USD. The analysis was carried out at the HS chapter level. Findings & Value added: The analysis of comparative advantages in the Polish trade in food products showed that during the membership in the European Union Poland had relative comparative advantages in the food trade on the world market. In the years 2004–2017 Polish export in agri-food products increased more than 4.5 times and the positive balance of trade in these products increased more than 9.0 times. Products in trade of which Poland had comparative advantages in 2017 accounted for 55.5% of trade of the Polish agri-food sector in the global market, i.e. by 12.8% more than in the year of accession of Poland to the EU. The dynamic development of trade in food products after Poland's accession to the EU, as well as significant comparative advantages in trade in these products, testify to the competitiveness and high importance of the Polish food sector for the national economy.

scholarly journals Assessing Lithuania’s Competitiveness in the Context of EU Enlargement

Ekonomika ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrikas Karpavičius
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
Investment Goods ◽  
The Eu

After Lithuania’s accession to the EU, the participation of Lithuanian enterprises in a very sizeable intra-EU trade, unrestricted by protectionist measures, acquires an ever greater importance. In 2005, Lithuania’s exports to the EU amounted to 65% of total exports, whereas imports reached 60%. These figures would seem at first sight to reflect positively on Lithuania’s competitiveness in the EU and confirm the assertions of many prominent economists about the multi-faceted benefits of foreign trade to its preachers.To gain a deeper understanding of Lithuania’s comparative advantage, a detailed analysis by product groups has been conducted, using the metrics of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Relative Trade Balance (RTB). Quantifying comparative advantage is particularly important to small and rapidly growing economies that are still looking to define their both short- and long-term economic development priorities.The developments of intra-EU trade are affected by a multitude of factors, however, we single out the effects of opening of the EU market to imports from new ‘economic centres’, especially China, because of the competitive threat it poses to countries like Lithuania. In this context, our analysis using RCA and RTB metrics highlights unfavourable, both direct and indirect, tendencies for Lithuania. Looking at Sino-Lithuanian trade in goods that account for the lion’s share of Lithuania’s total exports (textile, machines and mechanical equipment, electrical equipment, transport vehicles and equipment, and furniture), it becomes clear that the trade balance in these goods is shifting not in Lithuania’s favour. Furthermore, a breath-taking growth in the Sino-EU trade and, in particular, EU’s deteriorating trade balance with China in the aforementioned goods categories over the 2003-2005 period raises serious questions about the future of Lithuania’s export industries.The structural analysis of Lithuania’s foreign trade using the BEC (Broad Economic Categories) classification reveals a slightly positive RTB value in the ‘consumption goods’ category, but a substantially negative value in the ‘intermediate’ and ‘investment goods’ categories. This seems to confirm the conclusions reached in a study by European Commission in 2005, that the new member states (including Lithuania), owing to their exports of low to medium grade goods by technological sophistication, will be severely pressurised by competition from China and other fast-developing countries.Analysis of foreign direct investment (FDl) flows by economic sectors does not provide evidence that major changes in the export structure are underway to mitigate the effects of competition with China and other fast-growing countries.

scholarly journals Bulgaria's processed food industry: Transition to market economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-240
Author(s):  
Svetlana Ignjatijević ◽  
Antoaneta Vassileva ◽  
Jelena Vapa-Tankosić ◽  
Bojan Vapa ◽  
Kristijan Ristić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Export Strategy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Eu

The subject of the research is the analysis of the competitiveness and comparative advantage of the agricultural products and processed food products of Bulgaria on the international market. The study covers the period from 1998 to 2017. In order to measure the level of comparative advantage of the export and the degree of specialization in international trade RCA and GL indices have been used. The aim of or research was to identify products that have previously before the EU accession had, and still have, export potential. That is, the objective was to point the trend of changes in the foreign trade of processed food sector in the period before and after the EU accession in 2007. The results indicate that after joining the EU Bulgaria has changed its foreign trade structure. The decrease of exports and increase of imports of processed food sector products requires a comprehensive export strategy in order to strengthen its competitiveness.

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