scholarly journals The Analysis of Agricultural Products Export Competitiveness of the Republic of Serbia Based on the RCA Index

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Cvetković ◽  
Marija Petrović-Ranđelović
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Research Show

AbstractAgriculture of the Republic of Serbia is a significant economic branch, due to the specifics of production, tradition and because of the enormous potential that it holds for improving competitive performance and development of the national economy. For this reason, in all strategic documents agriculture is recognised as a vital branch for the development of the national economy, which can be achieved by an increase in productivity and greater foreign exchange, especially with the neighbouring countries. Bearing in mind that agricultural food products represent a very important part of foreign trade of the Republic of Serbia with the countries of the Western Balkans, the goal of the research is to point out the comparative advantages of the Republic of Serbia in the exchange of agricultural and food products with the countries in the region, by applying the Balassa index. The realisation of the principal objective of the research was carried out using the methods of comparative advantage, historical method, trends method, methods of analysis and synthesis. The results of research show that the Republic of Serbia has distinct comparative advantages in relation to the countries in the Western Balkans, with the exception of the Republic of Croatia. The key contribution of this paper lies in providing a clearer insight into the comparative advantages of the Republic of Serbia in foreign trade with the countries in the region, as well as pointing out the priority directions of activities of competent authorities in order to intensify. the agricultural export, especially high quality and products at a higher level of processing.

scholarly journals Przewagi komparatywne w handlu zagranicznym Polski na przykładzie produktów rolno-spożywczych i pozostałych

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (1) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Food Products ◽  
International Market ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
Polish Foreign

Because of globalization and economic integration, the competitiveness of entities is more and more often analyzed in the context of their links with the international market. The aim of the article is to assess the comparative advantages in Poland's foreign trade in agri-food products in comparison to trade in other products. The study uses the relative trade advantage indices RTA. This study was preceded by a discussion of the results of foreign trade. The source of data was the WITS-Comtrade database. The study showed that Poland's foreign trade is characterized by a diversified level of comparative advantages. Of the twenty HS sections, in 2016 Poland had comparative advantages in trade of products from two agri-food sections and seven other sections. These sections accounted for approximately 9% and 50% of Poland's trade turnover, respectively. The development of Polish foreign trade in agri-food products, as well as quite significant comparative advantages in trade of these products, indicate the competitiveness and high importance of the Polish agri-food sector for the national economy.

REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN AND THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION: INTEGRATION OPPORTUNITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
Nabi Ziyadullayev ◽  
◽  
Ulugbek Ziyadullayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Regional Powers ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cis Countries

The article reveals the features of the international trade, economic and integration priorities of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The conceptual approaches to joining the WTO, diversification of the geography and structure of foreign trade, as well as the expansion of foreign economic cooperation with world and regional powers, the CIS countries and Central Asia are substantiated. Particular attention is paid to risks and building vectors for effective interaction with the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), as well as mitigating the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the national economy.

scholarly journals КОНСОЛІДОВАНІ БЮДЖЕТ ПІВНІЧНОГО РЕГІОНУ В УМОВАХ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ КРИЗИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Ю. А. Гаджиев
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

One of important tasks of overcoming the crisis and sustainable economic growth of the country and its regions is formation and effective use of financial resources in the budgetary sphere. The purpose of the research is to analyze the formation of income and the direction of expenditures in the context of the economic crisis and offer practical recommendations to ensure the balance and stability of the consolidated budget of the Republic of Komi (RK). The object of the research is the monetary and economic relations of the formation and use of funds of the consolidated budget in order to fulfill its obligations and ensure the economic growth of the region. Methods used of the research are analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, logical and historical method, scientific abstraction and statistical comparison. The hypothesis of the research is the possibility of ensuring the balance and stability of the consolidated budget of the RK in the long term. The statement of basic materials. The analysis of the dynamics and structure of real revenues and expenses of the consolidated budget of the Republic of Komi in 2013-2017. The reasons for the fall and the growth of real incomes and expenses, changes of their structure and especially sharp increase of the debt load of the budget are revealed. Level of imbalance of the budget is shown and recommendations on ensuring balance of the consolidated budget of the region are defined. Originality and practical significance of the research is the fact that the balance and stability of the consolidated budget of the region is considered as the main tool for ensuring sustainable economic growth and improving the welfare of the population of the region. Conclusions of the research are the possibility of restoring the balance and stability of the consolidated budget of the Republic of Komi in the crisiscondotions by increasing the volume of tax revenues, especially property tax, reducing the debt service outlays – reducing the amount of accumulated public and municipal debt.

scholarly journals РЕСПУБЛИКА БУРЯТИЯ В РОССИЙСКО-МОНГОЛЬСКОЙ ТОРГОВЛЕ

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
В. О. Намжилова
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Business Ties

В статье представлен анализ динамики внешнеторговых связей Республики Бурятия с Монголией за последнее десятилетие. Рассмотрено как участие региона в формировании российско-монгольского товарооборота, так и место Монголии во внешнеторговых связях республики. В товарной структуре региональной торговли с Монголией обозначен тренд расширения номенклатуры экспорта и импорта, главным образом за счёт продуктов питания. Отмечается вовлечение во внешнеторговые связи малого и среднего бизнеса при поддержке региональных властей. Отдельно рассмотрена транспортно-логистическая среда в Республике Бурятия, где консолидируется значительная часть следующих в Монголию грузов со всех российских регионов. Ключевые слова: российско-монгольская торговля, Республика Бурятия, Монголия, экспорт продуктов питания; развитие деловых связей, автомобильные и железнодорожные грузоперевозки. The article presents the analysis of the dynamics of foreign trade relations between the Republic of Buryatia and Mongolia over the past decade. Both the participation of the region in the formation of the Russian-Mongolian trade turnover and the place of Mongolia in the republic's foreign trade relations have been reviewed. In the commodity structure of regional trade with Mongolia, there is a trend towards expanding the range of exports and imports, mainly due to food products. Involvement of small and medium-sized businesses in foreign trade with the support of regional authorities is noted. The transport and logistics environment in the Republic of Buryatia is considered separately; a significant part of cargoes arriving from all Russian regions is consolidated here. Keywords: Russian-Mongolian trade, the Republic of Buryatia, Mongolia, export of food products, development of business ties, road and rail freight.

Competitiveness of agri-food foreign trade in conditions of the Slovak Republic

10.5219/1686 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 694-702
Author(s):  
Anna Látečková ◽  
Michaela Trnková ◽  
Jozef Palkovič ◽  
Ivan Holúbek
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Research Assumptions ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Balance Deficit

The presented paper aims to evaluate the development and competitiveness of agri-food foreign trade of the Slovak Republic for the period 2016 – 2020. In the article, we present the priorities of Slovakia within the commodity structure. We use the RCA indicator to identify comparative advantages. In this paper, we also compare the actual and estimated development of agri-food foreign trade of the Slovak Republic in the years 2018 – 2020. Based on the reached results, we can state that we achieve an ever-increasing trade balance deficit in agri-food foreign trade. Produced results confirmed all the research assumptions presented in the paper. Despite the increase in export and import of agri-food products, the negative trade balance is still deeper. A significant deviation of real development from the predicted values can be explained by the influence of the worldwide pandemic of the coronavirus COVID-19, which slowed down the possible further development of agricultural trade.

scholarly journals Comparative advantages in Polish export to the European Union — food products vs selected groups of non-food products

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-308
Author(s):  
Iwona Szczepaniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Food Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Research Period ◽  
The Eu

Research background: Globalisation and economic integration are the reasons for which the competitiveness of economic entities is analysed more and more often in the context of their relations with the international market. One of the ways to assess the competitiveness of the Polish food sector is an analysis of comparative (relative) advantages in the export of this sector’s products. Purpose of the article: The objective of this paper is to assess comparative advantages in Polish export of food products to the European Union against a background of selected groups of non-food products. Methods: The study used the B. Balassa’s revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index. The study is preceded by a brief review of foreign trade results. The source of data was the WITS-Comtrade commercial database. The analysis was carried out at the level of the HS sections (in commodity terms). The research period covered the years 2003–2015. Findings & Value added: In the years 2003–2015, export of food increased nearly six times and its import — more than 4.5 times. The major partners of Poland as regards trade in food were the EU countries. The food sector was one of few sectors of the economy with the positive trade balance. Polish export to the EU was characterised by a diversified level of comparative advantages. From among 20 HS sections, in 2015 Poland had comparative advantages in export to the EU countries for products from 10 sections (2 food and 8 non-food). Those products accounted for 11% and 70% of Polish export to the EU, respectively. The development of Polish foreign trade in food products during the Polish membership in the EU as well as fairly high comparative advantages in the export of these products to the EU indicate the competitiveness and significant importance of the Polish food sector for the national economy.

scholarly journals The foreign trade liberalization and export of agri-food products of Serbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 331-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matkovski Bojan ◽  
Lovre Koviljko ◽  
Zekic Stanislav
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Food Products ◽  
World Market ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
European Free Trade Association ◽  
Comparative Advantages

Liberalization of the market, as a consequence of the achieved trade agreements with the members of the European Union and the Central European Free Trade Association, had a significant effect on the foreign trade exchange of the Serbian agri-food products. In order to determine the liberalization effects on the export of agri-food products of Serbia, a gravity model of the export of these products is estimated using econometric methods for the panel data. In order to find the sections, as well as the advantageous parts of the international market, the comparative advantages of agri-food products in the particular groups of countries are dynamically analysed using the index of the revealed comparative advantages, whereas the level of specialization in the international trade exchange of these products is analysed using the index of the intra-industry trade. In relation to the main objective of the article, which was to identify the effects of the foreign trade liberalization on the performances of the foreign trade in agri-food products, it may be stated that liberalization had positive effects on the intensification of foreign trade with the analysed group of countries, as well as on the increase of the revealed comparative advantages of the agri-food sector in the world market.

scholarly journals Comparative advantages of Bulgarian production and exports

2018 ◽  
pp. 22-39
Author(s):  
Vera Pirimova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis

The present study focuses on the analysis of the competitiveness and the comparative advantages of Bulgarian production and exports. It is structured in two parts. The first part summarizes the positions of Bulgaria in the index of global competitiveness and the more important criteria related to foreign trade. In the second part some theoretical concepts for comparative competitive advantages are systematized. Out of them the indices of B. Belasa and M. Amir have been chosen and calculated and on this basis the conclusions about the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the Bulgarian production and export of certain commodities and commodity groups, manifested in 2012-2016, are drawn. Stepping on these conclusions the possibilities for expanding or restricting the export of specific commodity groups and for increasing the competitiveness of the Bulgarian economy are systematized. In this research mathematical and statistical methods are applied, mostly the index method, along with methods of analysis and synthesis.

scholarly journals Analysis of external and internal influences on CR agrarian foreign trade

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 422-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vološin ◽  
L. Smutka ◽  
R. Selby
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
Market Liberalisation ◽  
Varied Composition ◽  
Competitive Nature

The agrarian sector has a non-substitutable position in most world economics – including the CR. From the viewpoint of functioning of own agrarian trade it can be stated that the CR is roughly self-sufficient by 70–80% in products of a competitive nature. In case of products of a non-competitive nature, the CR shows almost zero self-sufficiency. It means that agrarian foreign trade occupies a non-substitutable position in the CR economy (at least from the export point of view). In the light of our own trade flows, the CR performs as an active exporter and importer (about 100 billion and 130 billion CZK respectively, in 2009). However, together with the still growing needs of the national economy and the inhabitants’ requirements for a varied composition of agri‑food products, the CR does not succeed in the long term to decrease the negative balance of the agrarian foreign trade. It is, however, indisputable that if a serious discussion should be held about the competitiveness of Czech agriculture in confrontation with foreign producers or suppliers of agricultural and food products, the priority task to reach a balanced agrarian foreign trade balance can be accepted only for the competitive products segment. The complexity of a greater participation of the basic Czech agricultural and food products on the EU unified market deepens simultaneously with the acceleration of the liberalisation process on this market. The gradual process of the world agrarian market liberalisation then means that the cost and price relationships are determined by such world producers as are able to offer agrarian products for the most advantageous prices, or offer goods of exceptional quality, with a high added value, brand products, national specialties and so on. Potentially, the space for improvement of the active balance of agrarian foreign trade (AFT) is given to us in much the same way as to our competitors, but actually, our possibilities are limited. The stagnation or even growth of the negative AFT balance was, and is influenced by non-substitutable imports of non-competitive food raw materials and foodstuff products and many other raw materials required by the non-agricultural sectors of the national economy.

Imperatives of the economic revival of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Nabi Ziyadullaev
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nomic Policy ◽  
The Republic

The experience and main directions of transformation of the national economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan are considered. The characteristics of the country's interaction with Russia, China, the United States and other powers are shown. The priority tasks are substantiated contributing to the formation of a new eco-nomic policy to diversify the structure and geography of foreign trade, to im-prove the quality of economic growth, as well as to mitigate the consequences of the global coronavirus pandemic.

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