scholarly journals Extraction of tetracycline using the ionic liquid-based aqueous two phase systems: Single-stage versus multi-stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Zongcheng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Extraction Behavior ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Tie Line

Ionic liquids-based aqueous two-phase extraction (ILs-ATPE) offers an alternative approach to the extraction of tetracycline (TC) through their partitioning between two phases. Single-stage and multi-stage strategies have been evaluated and compared for the purification of TC using ATPE composed of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium halide ([Bmim]X(X=Cl,Br)) and K2HPO4. The influence factors on single-stage extraction behavior of TC were optimized systematically, including the pH value, tie line length, and volume ratio. The optimal extraction efficiency of TC could reach above 95% when the volume ratio is higher than 1.5 and the tie line length is 30.52%. The multi-stage ATPE was also investigated by simulating a three-stage crosscurrent operation in test tubes. According to the TC isotherm curve and respective McCabe?Thiele diagrams, a predicted optimized scheme of the countercurrent multi-stage ATPE was determined. TC can be purified in the IL-rich top phase with a final extraction efficiency of 99% and a final TC concentration of 0.25 mg/mL, if a three- -stage [Bmim]Cl-K2HPO4 ATPE with volume ratio of 0.5 and tie line length of 30.52% was employed. Thus, the multi-stage extraction with small volume ratio is necessary to achieve a higher recovery yield, resulting in the reduction of the IL consumption.

scholarly journals Partitioning of cerrena unicolor laccase activity in an aqueous two-phase system

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Blatkiewicz ◽  
Axel Prinz ◽  
Andrzej Górak ◽  
Stanisław Ledakowicz
Keyword(s):  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Bottom Phase ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase System ◽  
Phase Volume Ratio ◽  
Cerrena Unicolor ◽  
Tie Line

Abstract Culture supernatant containing laccase produced by Cerrena unicolor strain was used to examine laccase partitioning between phases in an aqueous two-phase system. The investigated system consisted of polyethylene glycol 3000 and sodium phosphate buffer adjusted to pH = 7. Influence of several parameters on partitioning was measured, including phase forming components’ concentrations, tie line lengths, phase volume ratio, supernatant dilution, process temperature and halogen salt supplementation. Partitioning coefficients up to 78 in the bottom phase were achieved with yields of over 90%. Tie line length and phase volume ratio had significant effect on enzyme partitioning.

scholarly journals Phase Separation Behavior and System Properties of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems with Polyethylene Glycol and Different Salts: Experiment and Correlation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haihua Yuan ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Wanqian Wei ◽  
Yongjie Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Separation Rate ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Systems ◽  
Phase Systems ◽  
System Properties ◽  
Tie Line

The phase separation behaviors of PEG1000/sodium citrate, PEG4000/sodium citrate, PEG1000/ammonium sulfate, and PEG4000/ammonium sulfate aqueous two-phase systems were investigated, respectively. There are two distinct situations for the phase separation rate in the investigated aqueous two-phase systems: one state is top-continuous phase with slow phase separation rate and strong bottom-continuous phase with fast phase separation rate and weak volume ratio dependence. The system properties such as density, viscosity, and interfacial tension between top and bottom phases which have effects on the phase separation rate of aqueous two-phase systems were measured. The property parameter differences between the two phases increased with increasing tie line length and then improved the phase separation rate. Moreover, a modified correlation equation including the phase separation rate, tie line length, and physical properties of the four aqueous two-phase systems has been proposed and successfully tested in the bottom-continuous phase, whose coefficients were estimated through regression analysis. The predicted results of PEG1000/sodium citrate aqueous two-phase systems were verified through the stationary phase retention in the cross-axis countercurrent chromatography.

The Influence Factors in Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 401-403 ◽  
pp. 2084-2087
Author(s):  
Ming Fen Niu ◽  
Si Li ◽  
Hong Jing Jiao ◽  
Jian Wei ◽  
Yuan Yang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal

Denitrifying phosphorus removal can be achieved with the same matrix simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal，is a hot topic of abroad study biological wastewater treatment，This is discussed the Influence factors of anoxic tank NO3- load, dissolved oxygen and the volume ratio of aerobic tank and anoxic tank, pH value of wastewater, sludge retention time (SRT), hydraulic retention time (HRT), mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and temperature on denitrifying phosphorus removal, for denitrifying phosphorus removal process simulation, experimental research and practical application provides a reference and basis.

Downstream processing of virus-like particles: Single-stage and multi-stage aqueous two-phase extraction

2015 ◽  
Vol 1383 ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Ladd Effio ◽  
Lukas Wenger ◽  
Ozan Ötes ◽  
Stefan A. Oelmeier ◽  
Richard Kneusel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Extraction

scholarly journals Partitioning optimization of proteins from Zea mays malt in ATPS PEG 6000/CaCl2

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziela Batista Ferreira ◽  
Alex Ferreira Evangelista ◽  
João Baptista Severo Junior ◽  
Roberto Rodrigues de Souza ◽  
José Carlos Curvelo Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Purification Step ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Influence Of Ph ◽  
Tie Line

This work aimed to establish the relationship between the compositions and pH of ATPS PEG 6000/CaCl2 and the proteins partition from maize malt and also to simplify the process optimization in ATPS for a statistical model, established by response surface methodology (RSM). Results showed that these were no influence of pH on the phase diagrams and on the composition of tie line length of PEG 6000/CaCl2 ATPS. SRM analyses showed that elevated pH and larger tie line length were the best conditions for recovering of maize malt proteins. The maximum partition coefficient by PEG 6000/CaCl2 ATPS was about 4.2 and was achieved in ATPS in a single purification step. The theoretical maximum partition coefficient was between 4.1-4.3. The process was very suitable for continuous aqueous two-phase purification due to the stability of proteins (e.g. and -amylases) and could increase their content into middle.

scholarly journals Recovery of iron by jarosite crystallization and separation of vanadium by solvent extraction with extractant 7101 from titanium white waste liquid (TWWL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 2025-2037
Author(s):  
Wang Li ◽  
Zepeng Niu ◽  
Xiaobo Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Thermodynamic Theory ◽  
Vanadium Extraction ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Titanium White ◽  
Isothermal Curve

Abstract The jarosite crystallization and new extractant system for extractant 7101 was used to separate iron and extract vanadium from titanium white waste liquid (TWWL). The influence factors and mechanisms of crystallization and solvent extraction were investigated and analyzed using SEM-EDS, XRD, FT-IR, solution thermodynamic theory and extraction isothermal curve. More than 97% of iron was precipitated with the following conditions: potassium chlorate 15 g/L, pH value of 1.6, temperature of 95 °C and time of 90 min, in which the crystallization product was jarosite with a purity of 99.5%; the pH value of the solution decreased after precipitation. The extraction efficiency of vanadium reached 88.6% with 10% Fe, 5% Al(III) but less for Mg(II), K(I) and Na(I) under the conditions X7101 of 0.5, pH value of 2.0, time of 4 min and stirring speed of 40 r/min. The extraction of metal ions occurred in the order V(V) > Fe(III) > Al(III) > Mg(II) > K(I). Vanadium minimally existed as at pH 2.0, and the functional groups NH and C–N contributed to vanadium extraction using the extractant 7101. Four stages extraction and three stages of re-extraction were predicated by McCable–Thiele plots.

scholarly journals Development of aqueous two-phase systems-based approaches for the selective recovery of metalloproteases and phospholipases A2 toxins from Crotalus molossus nigrescens venom

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Enriquez-Ochoa ◽  
David Meléndez-Martínez ◽  
José Manuel Aguilar-Yáñez ◽  
Cuauhtemoc Licona-Cassani ◽  
Karla Mayolo-Deloisa
Keyword(s):  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Snake Venoms ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Selective Recovery ◽  
Phospholipases A2 ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Systems ◽  
Phase Systems

AbstractSnake venoms are rich sources of proteins with potential biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications. Among them, metalloproteases (MPs) and phospholipases A2 (PLA2) are the most abundant. Their isolation involves a multistep chromatographic approach, which has proven to be effective, however implies high operating costs and long processing times. In this study, a cost-effective and simple method based on aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) was developed to recover MPs and PLA2 from Crotalus molossus nigrescens venom. A system with PEG 400 g mol−1, volume ratio (VR) 1, tie line length (TLL) 25% w/w and pH 7 showed the best performance for PLA2 recovery. In systems with PEG 400 g mol−1, VR 1, TLL 15% w/w, pH 7 and 1 and 3% w/w of NaCl, selective recovery of MP subtype P-III was achieved; whereas, in a system with PEG 400 g mol−1, VR 1, TLL 25% w/w and pH 8.5, MP subtypes P-I and P-III were recovered. Due to their low costs, ethanol–salt systems were also evaluated, however, failed to differentially partition PLA2 and MPs. The use of ATPS could contribute to the simplification and cost reduction of protein isolation processes from snake venoms and other toxin fluids, as well as potentially aid their biochemical, proteomic and biological analyses. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Optimisation of LS54/Dx Aqueous Two Phase System Conditions for Cutinase Recovery

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Jamaliah Md. Jahim ◽  
Abdul Wahab Mohamad ◽  
Fariza Akmal Abdul Mutalib ◽  
Farah Diba Abu Bakar ◽  
Osman Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Process ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase System ◽  
System Composition ◽  
Protein Partitioning ◽  
Tie Line ◽  
Positive Electrostatic Potential

Aqueous two phase system comprising Dehypon® LS 54 and K4484 Dextrin® was selected for recovery of cutinase enzyme. Parameters such as pH, system composition and type of salt as an additive, influenced the protein partitioning behaviour and optimisation of these parameters become necessary to be done in the design of primary recovery process of ATPS. The cutinase partitioning experiments were carried out with 30% of cutinase solution added to LS 54/Dx system. Results showed that cutinase enzyme preferred to partition into LS 54 rich-phase at pH 8.0 and the affinity of cutinase into top phase was observed higher with the increment of system compositions, which represented by tie line length (TLL). Furthermore, the addition of 50mM salts such as K2SO4 and KCl into LS 54/Dx system has led to raise partition coefficient of cutinase, kcut to 2.2 and 1.95 fold, respectively. The dependence of kcut on various additives such as (NH4)2SO4, Na2SO4 and K2SO4 at the same concentration, suggested that the addition of selected ions could enhance positive electrostatic potential which could attract more cutinase to partition into LS54 rich phase. As conclusion, the best conditions obtained for cutinase partitioning were pH8.0, TLL = 23% and Na2SO4 = 50mM, from which the maximum kcut of 2.83 with improved recovery of cutinase in top phase up to 79% can be achieved.

scholarly journals The effect of sulphates on partitioning of pectinases in aqueous two-phase systems

2004 ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Antov ◽  
Draginja Pericin ◽  
Biljana Trbojevic
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Systems ◽  
Phase Systems ◽  
Sulphate Salts ◽  
Tie Line

The effect of various sulphate salts on the partitioning of endo-pectinase and exo-pectinase in aqueous two-phase systems, composed of polyethylene glycol and dextran, was studied. Presence of ammonium sulphate and sodium sulphate at concentration 15 mmol/l in the system polyethylene glycol 4000/crude dextran, at tie-line length 7.44%, increased partition coefficient of endo-pectinase 1.25 and 1.2 fold, respectively. Ammonium sulphate at 15 mmol/l and sodium sulphate at 5 mmol/l enhanced partition coefficient for exo-pectinase for about 60% in comparison to the system without salts. Addition of magnesium and sodium sulphate to a final concentration of 0.3 mmol/l in the system containing polyethylene glycol 6000/dextran 500 000, at tie-line length 6.26%, increased the partition coefficient of endo activity for 95% and 32%, respectively. Both salts at the same concentration increased partition coefficient of exo activity 1.5 and 3 times, respectively, in comparison to the system without salts.

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