scholarly journals Inheritance of in vitro response in wheat

Genetika ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Nevena Mitic ◽  
Radomirka Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Male Parent ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Nuclear Factors ◽  
Regeneration Response ◽  
In Vitro Response

The inheritance of in vitro culture response was studied by using immature embryos from five wheat cultivars and their reciprocal hybrids. In vitro culture response was evaluated according to callus formation, percentage of regenerative calli and the number of plants per embryo. By crossing the cultivar Vesna (VS) with highest tissue culture response and the two cultivars with lowest response Leda (LD) and Zajecarska 65 (ZA), it was demonstrated that the regeneration potential was heritable. VS as female parent, enhanced regeneration response in hybrids VSxLD and VSxZA, while as a male parent, VS did not affect the regeneration ability of hybrids LD and ZA. However, hybrids having LD and ZA as a male parents exhibited a decreased regeneration potential, as compared to self-pollinated VS. The results suggest the presence of a class of extra-nuclear factors in the VS cultivar. They significantly account for relatively higher regeneration capacity in the hybrids having this cultivar as a female parent than in those where the VS was male parent.

scholarly journals Inhibition of browning problem during the callogenesis of Spartium junceum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Mina Taghizadeh ◽  
Mahboubeh Ganji Dastjerdi
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Changing Light ◽  
Spartium Junceum

Abstract During different phases of in vitro culture, plant tissues may be exposed to some stresses that never encounter in their natural habitats. The most significant stresses which interfere with in vitro culture are pathogenic contamination and browning disorder. Since browning sign is occurred during all phases of in vitro culture of Spartium junceum L., the present study was done preventing explants from browning during disinfection and callogenesis phases using exposure time of sterilants (ethanol 0, 30, 60 s and home bleach 0, 10, 15 min), antioxidant compounds (PVP 0.5%, Activated charcoal 0.1%, Curcumin 0.1%), Running water (30 and 60 min) plant growth regulators (2,4-D 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg L-1 and BA 0, 0.1 and 0.2 mg L-1), and by changing light/dark conditions was designed. The results showed that ethanol 70% (30 s) in combination with home bleach 20% (10 min) had the best effect in control contaminations and browning sign in nodal explants of S. junceum. The application of PVP 0.5% in medium was the best treatment to control of browning nodal explants in callus induction phase. The highest callus formation and the lowest explant browning were obtained on the medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D under the darkness condition. According to the results of this study, how disinfection methods, culture medium compositions and light conditions were effective on the browning and callogenesis of Spartium junceum L.

scholarly journals Influence of Additional Nutrients and Gelling Agents on in Vitro Response of Selected Indica Rice Varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Sai Krishna Repalli ◽  
Chaitanya Kumar Geda ◽  
N. S. N. Pradhan ◽  
G. J. N. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gelling Agents ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
In Vitro Response

Indica rice varieties are recalcitrant to culture and hence the culture media should be supplemented with additional nutrients to provide energy and osmotic potential for best in vitro response. Combinations of plant growth regulators have profound influence on callus induction and regeneration potential of the selected genotypes. In addition, concentration and choice of gelling agents also have their effect on regeneration of indica rice varieties. Impact of L-Proline, and Casein Hydrolysate on tissue culture response of selected indica rice varieties is discussed and the best choice of gelling agent and their in vitro response is elucidated.

scholarly journals Effect of aromatic cytokinins and explant position on shoot multiplication of Asparagus offi cinalis L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hudák ◽  
K. Magyar-Tábori ◽  
L. Zsombik
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Medium Effects ◽  
Cytokinin Content ◽  
Explant Position ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Exogenous Cytokinin ◽  
In Vitro Response ◽  
Aromatic Cytokinins

Asparagus offi cinalis has been widely studied, but little information is available about its in vitro response to exogenous cytokinin during shoot multiplication. To study the effects of different cytokinins on shoot multiplication of A. offi cinalis ‘Grolim’, in vitro culture was initiated from shoot segments cultured on media with Murashige and Skoog medium. Effects of different aromatic cytokinins (6-benzylaminopurine, 6-benzylaminopurine riboside and meta-topolin) applied in four concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg/l) on shoot multiplication of ‘Grolim’ were tested. Effect of explant position (vertically or horizontally) on the shoot multiplication outcome was also studied. Both the length and the number of newly developed shoots were signifi cantly affected by explant position and cytokinin content of the medium. The highest numbers of shoots (4.9) were produced in the presence of 0.5 mg l-1 6-benzylaminopurine riboside when explants were paced horizontally onto the medium. Although the longest shoots (41.5 mm) developed on explants placed vertically onto medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l-1 meta-topolin, the lengths of shoots developed on medium with 0.5 mg l-1 6-benzylaminopurine riboside were also adequate in both explant position (29.5 and 33.6 mm placed horizontally and vertically, respectively).

scholarly journals Investigating the In Vitro Regeneration Potential of Commercial Cultivars of Brassica

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisma Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Asif Nawaz ◽  
Zahid Mukhtar ◽  
Iftikhar Ali ◽  
Penny Hundleby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Commercial Variety ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Regeneration Frequency ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Normal Seed ◽  
Regeneration Response ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Seed Yields

In vitro regeneration is a pre-requisite for developing transgenic plants through tissue culture-based genetic engineering approaches. Huge variations among different genotypes of the genus Brassica necessitate the identification of a set of regeneration conditions for a genotype, which can be reliably used in transformation experiments. In this study, we evaluated the morphogenesis potential of four commercial cultivars (Faisal canola, Punjab canola, Aari canola, Nifa Gold) and one model, Westar, from four different explants namely cotyledons, hypocotyls, petioles and roots on three different Brassica regeneration protocols, BRP-I, -II and -III. The regeneration efficiency was observed in the range of 6–73%, 4–79.3%, 0–50.6%, and 0–42.6% from cotyledons, petioles, hypocotyls and roots, respectively, whereas, the regeneration response in terms of average shoots per explant was found to be 0.76–10.9, 0.2–3.2, 0–3.4 and 0–2.7 from these explants. Of the commercial varieties tested, almost all varieties showed poorer regeneration than Westar except Aari canola. In comparison to Westar, its regeneration frequency from cotyledons was up to 7.5-fold higher on BRP-I, while it produced up to 21.9-fold more shoots per explant. Our data show that the explant has strong influence on the regeneration response, ranging from 24% to 92%. While the growth of commercial cultivars was least affected by the regeneration conditions provided, the effect on Westar was twice that of the commercial cultivars. After determining the optimal explant type and regeneration conditions, we also determined the minimum kanamycin concentration levels required to selectively inhibit the growth of untransformed cells for these cultivars. Regenerated shoots of Aari canola could be successfully grown to maturity within 16–18 weeks, with no altered phenotype noted and normal seed yields obtained. Therefore, the commercial variety, Aari canola, could be a good candidate for future genetic transformation studies.

scholarly journals Callus Formation and Plantlet Regeneration through In vitro Culture of Immature Embryo and Seedling in Chinese Chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler).

1997 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-min Xuel ◽  
Hajime Araki ◽  
Toshinari Kanazawa ◽  
Takashi Harada ◽  
Toshiro Yakuwa
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Immature Embryo ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Allium Tuberosum ◽  
Chinese Chive

Comparaison des aptitudes morphogénétiques des étamines fertiles ou stériles d'Actinidia chinensis cultivées in vitro

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1940-1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Brossard-Chriqui ◽  
Bal Krishna Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Bud Regeneration ◽  
Bud Initiation

High frequency plantlet regeneration is obtained by means of in vitro culture of neoformed roots arising from Actinidia chinensis Pl. stamens. The favourable influence of zeatin upon bud initiation from roots is demonstrated. Potential differences between stamens coming from ♀ or ♂ plants are also shown. On the same medium, sterile stamens exhibit a greater rooting potential than fertile ones, but the latter have a more pronounced callusing efficiency. These differences are transmittable through dedifferentiation; neoformed roots of ♂ origin have a weak bud regeneration ability, whereas roots of ♀ origin give rise to callus and buds. The implications of such observations in regard to the endogenous contents of auxins and cytokinins and their relations with the ♀ or ♂ nature of the plants are discussed. The histological origin of the different kinds of regeneration are also examined and point to the preservation of rooting potential by the bundle sheath of the stamens and of budding potential by the pericycle of neoformed roots. These data are considered in relation to the recent literature.

scholarly journals Variability of in vitro culture response in wheat genotypes, genotype and environmental effects

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevena Mitic ◽  
Dejan Dodig ◽  
Radomirka Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factor ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Immature Embryos ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Tissue Culture Response ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Air Temperatures

The tissue culture response (TCR) of immature embryos, evaluated according to callus formation, percentage of regenerative green-spotted calli and the number of plants per embryo, was investigated in 96 wheat genotypes of worldwide origins. Immature embryos were collected 12-15 DAP from field-grown plants during three successive years 2003, 2004 and 2005. Year 2003 was with high air temperatures and tropical days during a period of vegetation, while the environmental conditions were more favorable for plant growth in the next two years, 2004 and 2005. Embryos were cultured on standard MS medium containing 2 mg l-1 2, 4-D. In all genotypes calli were efficiently induced, ranging from 36.7 to 100% (2003), 68.4 to 100% (2004), and 94.3 to 100% (2005). The calli occasionally formed green spots, but frequencies markedly differed among genotypes that varied from 0 to 72.5% (2003), 0 to 97.9% (2004), and 0 to 94.0% (2005). Coefficient of variation was highest in term of percent of regenerative calli (66.7%) following by a number of plants per embryo (35.6%) and callus formation (5.1%). Components of phenotypic variance showed that factor year (71.4%) had the highest impact on expression of callus formation, genetic factor (47,1%) on percentage of regenerative green-spotted calli and interaction year/genotype (30.3%) on number of plants per embryo. The results indicated factor genotype as the most important for determining regeneration potential in wheat.

scholarly journals Studies on in Vitro Culture of the Australian Fan Flower, Scaevola

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 548B-548
Author(s):  
Prem L. Bhalla ◽  
Katherine Tozer
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Direct Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Regeneration Response

Plants of genus Scaevola (family, Goodeniaceae), commonly known as “fan flowers,” are mostly endemic to Australia. Commercially popular species are Scaevola aemula, S. albida, S. striata, and S. phlebopetala. These plants are used as ground covers in Australia and as hanging baskets, window boxes, and garden bed plants in Europe and America. Two aspects of in vitro culture of Scaevola are reported here; micropropagation and direct shoot regeneration. A number of commercially available cultivars of S. aemula, S. phlebopetala, S. striata and wild-collected S. phlebopetala, S. glandulifera, S. hookeri, and S. ramonissima were used for micropropagation experiments. Micropropagation medium contained salts, vitamins, L-cysteine, sucrose, and agar. Tissue-cultured shoots were rooted in hormone-free medium. A high survival percentage (>95%) was obtained when plants were transferred to soil under glasshouse conditions. Results on in vitro shoot induction and regeneration response of leaf, stem, root, node, and flower explants of two horticulturally important species of the Australian fan flower, Scaevola aemula and Scaevola striata arealso presented. Of all the explants tested, node explants of these species were the first to respond in tissue culture. Maximum number of shoot induction and regeneration was achieved from node explants of Scaevola aemula and node and stem explants of Scaevola striata. More than 95% of the regenerated shoots were rooted on the medium supplemented with 4 mg/L of IBA. The significance of above findings in assisting breeding program for new horticultural desirable cultivars of Australian fan flowers will be discussed.

scholarly journals Explants selection for in vitro propagation of Pachyrhizus erosus L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10844
Author(s):  
Idowu A. OBISESAN ◽  
Ayobola M. A. SAKPERE ◽  
Bamidele J. AMUJOYEGBE ◽  
Michael S. AKINROPO
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Friable Callus ◽  
Pachyrhizus Erosus ◽  
Regeneration Response

Pachyrhizus erosus tuber is rich in protein asides its agronomical value as a legume, but the seeds by which it is propagated have very low viability. This study established sterilization protocol and effect of various concentrations of auxins and cytokinins on callus production and shoot regeneration from explants of P. erosus. Explants and seeds were sterilized using sodiumhypochlorite (NaClO) solution (5, 10 and 15% v/v) for 5 and 10 mins. Nodal, stem and leaf explants from in vitro germinated P. erosus and tuber from field grown plant were sterilized and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (control) and MS combined with different concentrations of auxins (NAA and 2, 4-D) and cytokinin (BA and Kinetin) and the cultured explants were monitored in terms of degree of callus formation, morphology and colour of callus and also for shoot induction. The results showed that seeds of P. erosus sterilized with 10% NaClO solution for 10 mins and germinated in vitro is the best way of getting sterile nodal, stem and leaf explants for the in vitro propagation of the plant, while tuber explants could be sterilized with 15% NaClO for 10 minutes. Nodal explants inoculated in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA gave the highest shoot regeneration response, while stem explants inoculated on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA also gave the highest amount of friable callus. The study concluded that in vitro germinated seeds were the best way of getting explant for P. erosus.

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