scholarly journals Inhibition of browning problem during the callogenesis of Spartium junceum L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Mina Taghizadeh ◽  
Mahboubeh Ganji Dastjerdi
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Changing Light ◽  
Spartium Junceum

Abstract During different phases of in vitro culture, plant tissues may be exposed to some stresses that never encounter in their natural habitats. The most significant stresses which interfere with in vitro culture are pathogenic contamination and browning disorder. Since browning sign is occurred during all phases of in vitro culture of Spartium junceum L., the present study was done preventing explants from browning during disinfection and callogenesis phases using exposure time of sterilants (ethanol 0, 30, 60 s and home bleach 0, 10, 15 min), antioxidant compounds (PVP 0.5%, Activated charcoal 0.1%, Curcumin 0.1%), Running water (30 and 60 min) plant growth regulators (2,4-D 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg L-1 and BA 0, 0.1 and 0.2 mg L-1), and by changing light/dark conditions was designed. The results showed that ethanol 70% (30 s) in combination with home bleach 20% (10 min) had the best effect in control contaminations and browning sign in nodal explants of S. junceum. The application of PVP 0.5% in medium was the best treatment to control of browning nodal explants in callus induction phase. The highest callus formation and the lowest explant browning were obtained on the medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D under the darkness condition. According to the results of this study, how disinfection methods, culture medium compositions and light conditions were effective on the browning and callogenesis of Spartium junceum L.

scholarly journals Mise Au Point D’un Protocole De Sterilisation D’explants Nodaux D’alchornea Cordifolia Avec De L’acide Triclororoisocyanurique

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Aurélien Mokea-Niaty ◽  
Samson Daudet Medza Mve ◽  
Alexis Nicaise Lepengue ◽  
Antoine Mitte Mbeang Beyeme ◽  
Christian Moupela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Swimming Pool ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Active Chlorine ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Trichloroisocyanuric Acid

Trichloroisocyanuric acid is a swimming pool disinfectant and is readily accessible. As a result, there is the need to use it as a substitute for conventional disinfectants in in vitro culture. Nodal explants of Alchornea cordifolia, harvested in a natural environment, have been rinsed abundantly with Dettol under running water. Then it was soaked in Talo Plus (550 g/l carbendazim and 100 g/l Chlorothalonil) at 5 ml/liter, which is a broad spectrum fungicide. After then, it was immersed in 70% alcohol for 10 minutes before being soaked in different solutions of trichloroisocyanuric acid to: 6, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.3, 0.1, and 0.08%. The explants were disinfected completely of all contaminating bacterial and fungal exogenous. This was after a treatment in solutions of acidic trichloroisocyanurique of 6 to 0.08%. The results showed that the losses of active chlorine remained low during storage at temperatures of 4 to 18 ± 2°C. They reach only 5.29% after 72 hours. At room temperature of 27 ± 2 ° C, these losses are more than 30% after three days. Concentrations of 0.1 to 0.3% are effective for the disinfection of explants. This protocol of explants disinfection in vitro culture could therefore be advantageously substituted using the hypochlorite of calcium or the chloride of mercury.

scholarly journals Sterilisasi dan Induksi Daun Muda Durian (Durio zibethinus) Dalam Medium MS Dengan Penambahan Kinetin dan IAA Secara In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Gatot Supangkat ◽  
Innaka Ageng Rineksane ◽  
Kurniawati Pamuji
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Sterilization Method ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Durio Zibethinus

A research  to study the sterilization   method  and application   of Kinetin  and IAA to induce the Durian  young  leaf (Durio zibethinus) in MS  medium   was conducted in Balai Benih Induk Hortikultura in Salaman  Magelang  district  of Central  Java  started  on September  until December 2003. The Laboratory experiment   was arranged  in two phases,  which were  the optimation  phase of sterilization   and  induction   phase.  At  the  first  phase,  the  sterilization method  used  was  the modification   of Mulya  (2001) method.  The modification   use of sterilant,  vitamin  C antioxidant, Alcohol  70 %, Benlate, Agrept,  Tween-20  and Betadine  were done to obtain  effectiveness   of the sterilization.  Explants  planted  then in MS medium  for two weeks. Contamination   time, percentage of contamination   and viabilitas  (percentage of living explants)  were observed  then.  At the second phase,  the treatments were arranged  in a 3 x 3 factorial  completely   randomized   design  (CRD)  to observed  the influence  of Kinetin  and IAA combination.   The concentration   of Kinetin  observed were 2, 4, and 6 mg/I, where  as the IAA concentration   were 0.5,  1.0, and  1.5 mg/I. All treatments were  repeated  three  times,  with three samples  on each  replication.   The percentage   of browning explants, percentage  of contaminated   explants,  site of  contamination   and percentage of explants live were observed  at the end of incubation. The results  showed that sterilization  of Durian young leaves explants  with 1  g/l deterjent  for 15 minutes  then by 2 g/l Benlate  and Agrept  for 10 minutes,  then by 1  g/200 mg Vitamin C, then by Alcohol  70 % for 1  minute, then by 20% Clorox,  then by 2 drip of Tween-20  for 10 minute and then by Betadine  decreased  the contamination down to 50 %, and this kind of sterilization  was relatively better than  the other  kinds.  Application   of growth  regulators   were  not  able  to induce  explants growth,  but stimulated  callus formation  at the cutting surface though,  in the application  of Kinetin 4 mg/1 + IAA 0,5 mg/I, Kinetin 4 mg/1 + IAA  1,5 mg/1, Kinetin  6 mg/I+  IAA 0,5  mg/1 and Kinetin 6 mg/l+IAA   1,0 mg/I.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Clerodendrum phlomidis L.F.

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafatlal M. Kher ◽  
Deepak Soner ◽  
Neha Srivastava ◽  
Murugan Nataraj ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Clerodendrum Phlomidis

Abstract Clerodendrum phlomidis L. f. is an important medicinal plant of the Lamiaceae family, particularly its roots, which are used for various therapeutic purposes in a pulverized form. The objective of this study was to develop a standard protocol for axillary shoot proliferation and rooting of C. phlomidis for its propagation and conservation. Nodal explants were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium that was supplemented with one of six cytokinins: 6-benzyladenine, kinetin, thidiazuron, N6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2iP), trans-zeatin (Zea) and meta-topolin. Callus induction, which was prolific at all concentrations, formed at the base of nodal explants and hindered shoot multiplication and elongation. To avoid or reduce callus formation with the objective of increasing shoot formation, the same six cytokinins were combined with 4 μM 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid (TIBA) alone or in combination with 270 μM adenine sulphate (AdS). Nodal explants that were cultured on the medium supplemented with 9.12 μM Zea, 4 μM TIBA and 270 μM AdS produced significantly more and longer shoots than on medium without TIBA and AdS. Half-strength MS medium supplemented with 8.05 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid was the best medium for root formation. Most (75%) in vitro rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized under natural conditions.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Mass Propagation of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durga Dutt Shukla ◽  
Nabin Bhattarai ◽  
Bijaya Pant
Keyword(s):  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) Dunal] is an important medicinal plant and a major source of alkaloids and steroids (withanolids), which is regularly used in pharmaceutical industries. Various vegetative parts were studied for its mass propagation through tissue culture technique. Seeds were pretreated with GA3 (50 and 100 mgl-1) for 24 h and 80% germination was achieved. All the explants were taken from in-vitro germinated plant. Among the different explants tested, multiple shoot formation was achieved from shoot-tip and nodal explants in MS medium + 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mgl-1 kinetin. Nodal explants were selected for mass propagation protocol because it formed maximum number of shoots (16.25 shoots per explant) on MS medium + 1mgl-1 kinetin after eight weeks of culture. Increase in concentration of kinetin was most effective for callus formation. For further multiplication these shoots were sub-cultured on MS +0.5 mgl-1 kinetin. Presence of IAA at 0.5 mgl-1 was most effective medium for rooting of in-vitro propagated shoots. However, hardening was not achieved for these propagated plants. Key words: IAA; IBA; NAA; kinetin; in-vitro multiplication DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4131Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 101-106

scholarly journals Callus Formation and Plantlet Regeneration through In vitro Culture of Immature Embryo and Seedling in Chinese Chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler).

1997 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-min Xuel ◽  
Hajime Araki ◽  
Toshinari Kanazawa ◽  
Takashi Harada ◽  
Toshiro Yakuwa
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Immature Embryo ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Allium Tuberosum ◽  
Chinese Chive

scholarly journals CALLUS INDUCTION OF CACAO CLONE SULAWESI 1 ON VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF 2,4 -D AND COCONUT WATER VIA IN VITRO CULTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Asmila Asmila ◽  
Zainuddin Basri ◽  
Ramal Yusuf ◽  
Hawalina Hawalina
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Plantation Crops ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Cacao is one of important plantation crops grouped in the Sterculiaceae family.  Sulawesi is the main area of cacao production and has a number of superior clones, such as Sulawesi 1 and Sulawesi 2.  Based on data in 2012/2014 cacao production to consumption reached 174,000 tons, while in 2013/2014 was projected a deficit of 115,000 tonnes. Nonetheless, cacao agribusiness in Indonesia is still facing complex problems, among others gardener productivity is still low due to borer attacks cacao, the quality of products and the number is still low and still not optimal development of cacao products and providing superior amount of cacao seedlings. The primary problem of cacao production recently is low productivity.  The main cause of low cacao productivity in Central Sulawesi is the use of inferior clones.  To enhance cacao productivity, it is crucial to use cacao clones having high genetic potential via tissue culture or micropropagation techniques.  The aim of this experiment was to assess the effect of different concentrations of 2,4-D and coconut water on the growth of cacao callus via in vitro culture.  This experiment used Completely Randomozed Block Design in factorial patteren with treatments tested namely 2,4-D and coconut water concentrations.  The concentrations of 2,4-D tested including 1 ppm, 2 ppm and 3 ppm, whilst coconut water concentrations tested consisting of 10%, 15% and 20%, and therefore there were 3 x 3 = 9 treatment combinations.  Each treatment utilized 4 replications; and each unit combination used 5 explants (staminodia).  Results of this experiment indicated that the addition of 3 ppm 2,4-D and 10% coconut water had a highly significant effect on the callus color 4 weeks after culture.  The addition of 3 ppm 2,4-D in culture media showed a significant effect on callus color 4 weeks after culture, but had an insignificant effect on the callus formation, callus color 8 weeks after culture an callus texture.  Supplementation of 20% coconut water had a significant effect on callus texture 8 weeks after culture, whilst the addition of 10% coconut water showed a significant effect on callus color 4 weeks after culture.

scholarly journals Inheritance of in vitro response in wheat

Genetika ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Nevena Mitic ◽  
Radomirka Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Male Parent ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Nuclear Factors ◽  
Regeneration Response ◽  
In Vitro Response

The inheritance of in vitro culture response was studied by using immature embryos from five wheat cultivars and their reciprocal hybrids. In vitro culture response was evaluated according to callus formation, percentage of regenerative calli and the number of plants per embryo. By crossing the cultivar Vesna (VS) with highest tissue culture response and the two cultivars with lowest response Leda (LD) and Zajecarska 65 (ZA), it was demonstrated that the regeneration potential was heritable. VS as female parent, enhanced regeneration response in hybrids VSxLD and VSxZA, while as a male parent, VS did not affect the regeneration ability of hybrids LD and ZA. However, hybrids having LD and ZA as a male parents exhibited a decreased regeneration potential, as compared to self-pollinated VS. The results suggest the presence of a class of extra-nuclear factors in the VS cultivar. They significantly account for relatively higher regeneration capacity in the hybrids having this cultivar as a female parent than in those where the VS was male parent.

scholarly journals The use of in vitro culture to improve the propagation of Rhododendron ponticum subsp. baeticum (Boiss. & Reuter)

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Cantos ◽  
Juana Linán ◽  
José García ◽  
María García-Linán ◽  
Miguel Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Good Method ◽  
The Self ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Rhododendron Ponticum ◽  
Relict Populations

AbstractRhododendron ponticum subsp. baeticum is endemic in the southern region of the Iberian Peninsula. The relict populations of this species are vulnerable, due mainly to difficult conditions for the establishment of seedlings, resulting in a virtual lack of sexual recruitment. In order to preserve the surviving populations, in vitro culture methods have been applied for both the sexual and the agamic propagation of the species. The in vitro germination of seeds was high when conducted with Anderson’s medium without plant growth regulators. The self-rooted seedlings obtained were easily transplanted to outside conditions. The presence of growth regulators in the medium interfered with the development of the seedlings, causing heavy callus formation. The in vitro growth of explants took place readily in Anderson’s medium plus 0.072 mg L−1 of BA and 0.036 mg L−1 of NAA although the explants did not form roots. Rooting was achieved by the basal dipping of the explants in hydroalcoholic solutions of 500 mg L−1 IAA during the outside transplanting process. Therefore, the combination of in vitro grown explants together with ex vitro rooting, results in a good method for the agamic propagation of Rhododendron ponticum subsp. baeticum.

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