scholarly journals What impact does the adoption of drought-tolerant maize for Africa have on the yield and poverty status of farmers in the arid region of Nigeria?

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-317
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Obayelu ◽  
Oluwatomi Fakolujo ◽  
Bola Awotide
Keyword(s):  
Maize Yield ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Yield ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Small Holder

Maize production in Nigeria has not been able to meet the needs of people owing to drought, low productivity and lack of access to improved varieties by the farmers. Increased agricultural yield is a potential means for increasing household income, which tends to lower the poverty status of small-holder farmers. This study assessed the impact of Drought-Tolerant Maize for Africa (DTMA) on the yield and poverty status of farmers in the northwestern region of Nigeria. The study used the dataset from Adoption of DTMA Survey by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, with 293 respondents from northwestern Nigeria (90 adopters and 203 non-adopters of DTMA). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, binary regression and propensity score matching methods. Results showed that small-holder farmers were more likely to adopt DTMA than bigger farms. Adopters had an increase in DTMA yield of 9,262.77kg/ha while the counterfactual non-adopters had an increase of 3,807.74kg/ha. The adoption of DTMA reduced the probability of being poor by 60 percent for the treatment group while poverty incidence was reduced by 35% among the non-adopters. The general conclusion is that DTMA adoption program improved maize yield and reduced poverty incidence among rural households.

scholarly journals Effect of High-Temperature Events When Heading into the Maturity Period on Summer Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1291
Author(s):  
Shengbao Wei ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Tiantian Li ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
Anchun Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maturity Period ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

The predicted increase in the frequency of extreme climatic events in the future may have a negative effect on cereal production, but our understanding of the historical trends of high-temperature events associated with climate change and their long-term impact on summer maize yield is limited. Based on an analysis of historical climate and summer maize yield data from 1980 to 2016 in the Huang-Huai-Hai (3H) region of China, we calculated two high-temperature event indices, namely, high-temperature hours (HTH) and high-temperature degrees (HTD, the sum of the differences between 35 °C and above), and then investigated the temporal trend of high-temperature events from maize heading to maturity and their impact on the yield of summer maize. Our results indicated that the air temperature showed a significant upward trend when heading into the maturity period of summer maize in the 3H region from 1980–2016 and that the increase was greater in the northern Huang-Huai-Hai (N3H) region than in the southern Huang-Huai-Hai (S3H) region. The intensity of high-temperature events when heading into the maturity period increased considerably from 1980 to 2016 in the 3H region, especially in the S3H region. The HTH and HTD increased by 1.30 h and 0.80 °C per decade in the S3H region, respectively. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis of panel data showed that the increases in HTH and HTD when heading into the maturity period had a consistent negative effect on yield in S3H and N3H regions; this effect was more obvious in the S3H region. In the S3H region, a 1 h increase in HTH was found to be associated with a 0.45–1.13% decrease in yield and a 1 °C increase in HTD could result in a yield loss of 1.34–4.29%. High-temperature events were detrimental to summer maize production, and the severity of this effect was projected to increase in the 3H region. In this study, we used two indices (HTH and HTD) to quantify the impact of high-temperature events on summer maize yield during the critical growth phase (heading to maturity) at a small timescale (hours and days). The results of this study can provide a reference for policymakers to use in the formulation of corresponding climate change adaptation strategies.

scholarly journals Assessing the use of a drought-tolerant variety as adaptation strategy for maize production under climate change in the savannas of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi I. Tofa ◽  
Alpha Y. Kamara ◽  
Bashir A. Babaji ◽  
Folorunso M. Akinseye ◽  
Jenneh F. Bebeley
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Tolerant Variety ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe Decision Support System for Agricultural Technology Transfer (DSSAT) was used to quantify the impact of climate change on maize yield and the potential benefits of the use of drought-tolerant maize variety over non-drought tolerant variety in savanna ecological zones of Nigeria. Projections of maize yields were estimated for three locations representing different agro-climatic zones and soil conditions, in the mid-century (2040–2069) and end-century (2070–2099) under representative concentration pathways scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) against the baseline period (1980–2009). Relative to the baseline period, the ensemble Global Circulation Models (GCMs) predicted significant increase in minimum and maximum temperatures and seasonal rainfall across the sites. In the mid-century, ensemble GCMs predicted temperatures increase between 1.7–2.4 °C for RCP4.5 and 2.2–2.9 °C for RCP8.5. By end-century, the temperature increases between 2.2–3.0 °C under RCP4.5 and 3.9–5.0 °C under RCP8.5. Predicted seasonal rainfall increase between 1.2–7% for RCP4.5 and 0.03–10.6% for RCP8.5 in the mid-century. By end of century, rainfall is expected to increase between 2–6.7% for RCP4.5 and 3.3–20.1% for RCP8.5. The DSSAT model predictions indicated a negative impact on maize yield in all the selected sites, but the degree of the impact varies with variety and location. In the mid-century, the results showed that the yield of the non–drought tolerant maize variety, SAMMAZ-16 will decline by 13–19% under RCP4.5 and 19–28% under RCP8.5. The projection by end-century indicates a decline in yield by 18–26% under RCP4.5 and 38–47% under RCP8.5. The yield of the drought-tolerant variety is projected to decline by 9–18% for RCP4.5 and 14–25% for RCP8.5 in the mid-century and 13–23% under RCP4.5 and 32–43% under RCP8.5 by the end-century. The higher temperatures by both emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) were primarily shown to cause more yield losses for non-drought-tolerant variety than that of the drought-tolerant variety. There will be 1–6% less reduction in yield when drought-tolerant variety is used. However, the higher yield reductions in the range of − 13 to − 43% predicted for the drought-tolerant variety by the end of the century across the study areas highlighted the need to modify the maize breeding scheme to combine both tolerances to drought and heat stresses in the agro-ecological zones of northern Nigeria.

scholarly journals Adoption of the Conservation Farming practice in maize production by small holder farmers in the Makoni District of Zimbabwe

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Never Mafuse ◽  
Nyeverwai Gono ◽  
Dadirayi Manyumwa ◽  
Vincent Tinashe Gwati Maponga Munyati ◽  
Edgar Muhau
Keyword(s):  
Maize Production ◽  
Farming Practice ◽  
Conservation Farming ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Small Holder

scholarly journals Performance of high yielding drought tolerant varieties of maize and in situ moisture conservation techniques in Kandi region of Punjab, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 316-323
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Vivek Sharma ◽  
S. C. Sharma ◽  
Sukhvinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Farming Community ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Gap Technology ◽  
The Impact

In the present investigation, 87 front line demonstrations (FLDs) of maize were conducted on farmers’ fields to demonstrate the impact of high yielding drought tolerant varieties (JH 3459, Parkash and PMH 1) and in situ moisture conservation techniques (ridge sowing, sowing across the slope, summer ploughing and earthing up) on production and economic benefits in Kandi region of Punjab state during kharif seasons from 2011 to 2013 under rainfed situation. The improved production technologies recorded additional yield ranging from 29.7 to 47.6 q/ha with a mean yield of 37.1 q/ha and 24.4 to 42.6 q/ha with a mean yield of 32.7 q/ha for drought tolerant varieties and in situ moisture conservation techniques, respectively. The per cent average increase in yield of drought tolerant varieties over local cultivars was 35.8, while 15.6 for in situ moisture conservation techniques.The average extension gap, technology gap and technology index were 9.8& 4.4 q/ha, 3.7& 6.1q/ha and 9.1& 16.7 per cent, respectively in drought tolerant varieties and in situ moisture conservation techniques. FLDs recorded higher mean net returns i.e. Rs. 36,292 and 28,234 per ha. with B:C ratio of 2.53 and 2.17 for drought tolerant varieties and in situ moisture conservation techniques, respectively. The FLDS conducted revealed that availability of suitable high yielding variety and lack of knowledge about improved production technologies is the main bottleneck in maize production, enhancement of yield and knowledge of the farmers. Hence, the productivity of maize can be increased by adoption of the recommended management practices and the study resulted in convincing the farming community about potentialities of the recommended production technologies in yield enhancement.

scholarly journals The Effect of Climate Variability on Maize Production in the Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality, Ghana

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Godwin P. Cudjoe ◽  
Phillip Antwi-Agyei ◽  
Benjamin A. Gyampoh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Change Dynamics ◽  
The Right ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Agriculture is one of the sectors most susceptible to changes in climatic conditions. The impact is even stronger in Africa, where rain-fed agriculture is vital for daily subsistence, but where adaptive capacity is low. It is therefore crucial to increase the understanding of the actual climate change dynamics on agricultural productivity. This study examined the effects of changes in climatic variables such as rainfall and temperature on maize production in the Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality, Ghana. Regression, chi-square and trend analyses were used to establish the relationship between climate variables (rainfall and temperature) and maize yield in the study area. This was supplemented with participatory household interviews with 120 farmers to understand the perception of farmers on rainfall and temperature patterns. The results from the study respondents and trend analysis show that rainfall is shorter in terms of duration and less predictable, whilst temperature has increased. The findings suggest that the general relationship between rainfall, temperature and maize yield is such that maize yield increased with increasing rainfall of the right amount and distribution pattern and decreased with increasing temperature. The study concludes that climate variability and/or change is evident in the study area and its effect on maize yield is severe.

scholarly journals Small-holder farmers knowledge and information on the impact of climate variability & extremes on livestock production in Limpopo & Mpumalanga Provinces

2022 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 854-869
Author(s):  
Azwihangwisi E. Nesamvuni ◽  
Khuthadzo Ndwambi ◽  
Khathutshelo A. Tshikolomo ◽  
Gabriel R. Lekalakala ◽  
Thomas Raphulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A study was carried out to investigate the level of awareness, knowledge and information of small-holder farmers (SHLF) on the impact of climatic change (CC) and extremes on livestock production in Limpopo and Mpumalanga Provinces. At least 366 smallholder farmers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire to elicit responses on vulnerability. Almost all the farmers (96 %) have heard about CC only a few farmers (4 %) did not know CC. The medium for the conveyance of CC information was the main radio (94.32%). Newspapers and television were also efficient mediums in the conveyance of this information, each with the outreach of 16.76 and 32.67%, respectively. Central to the impact of CC was the fact that (90%) of the farmers confirmed that there was a change in grass availability; which contributed to major livestock fatalities of which over half of the farmers (55.19%) attested as the cause. The study found that 86.67% of SHLF who attended awareness meetings indicated that the discussions prioritized adapting to CC. However, SHLF (80.77%) did not have an early warning system. This was coupled with a lack of contingency plans by (84.36%) the farmers to deal with the impact of the said drought on their farms. SHLF (19%) who had facilitated contingency plans indicated that improved aspects of the plan should incorporate the support of their provision feeds, drilling of boreholes, and erection of dams. Based on SHLF perceptions there is a need for strategic shifts from grazing to small scale feed-lots.

scholarly journals Increasing productivity of mungbean (vigna radiata (l.) Wilczek) under subsistence farming in Eastern Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
Agustina Asri Rahmianna ◽  
Tony Basuki ◽  
Medo Kote ◽  
Yohanes L. Seran ◽  
Rao C.N. Rachaputi
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Eastern Indonesia ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Small Holder

Abstract Mungbean is one of the major food legume and cash crops grown and consumed by small holder farmers under rain-fed conditions in Eastern Indonesia. However, the mungbean productivity has been low, less than 1 ton ha−1 due to a number of reasons including poor awareness about new varieties and skills of crop management. Two trials: varietal trial and management practices were conducted at Malaka District, East Nusa Tenggara during wet season 2008. The varietal trial in six sites resulted in identification of Sriti, Murai, Betet, and Vima 1 varieties had high productivity (1.1-1.5 t ha−1) with single harvest, shorter maturity, compared to the local varieties which were characterized by lower productivity (1.0-1.1 t ha−1), multiple harvests and longer maturity. The management practices found that selected varieties in combination with improved technology gave doubled seed yields compared to the yields when grown using local technology. These activities showed a reliable pathway to increase productivity of mungbean at small holder levels. The varietal and agronomic management trials demonstrated the impact of the technologies on mungbean productivity at small holder levels and identified future needs to sustain food productivity in remote regions on Eastern Indonesia.

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