scholarly journals Eastern migrations vs western welfare states - (un)biased fears

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-345
Author(s):  
Kosta Josifidis ◽  
John Hall ◽  
Valérie Berenger ◽  
Novica Supic
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Social Protection Systems ◽  
Welfare State Regimes ◽  
The Eu

This inquiry considers some effects of migration on the labour markets and the welfare systems found in the EU-15, and from the perspectives of sustainability of the current welfare state regimes. Our inquiry aims to determine whether and to what extent different approaches in regulation of migration flows between the new and old member states are compatible with related economic and demographic findings. Within this context, our research considers regulations affecting migration flows. Our findings suggest that some effects of migration from the EU8+2 on the labour markets and social protection systems found in the EU-15, both with respect to level and structure, do indeed generate effects on migration, especially considering whether migration is based upon economic or welfare decisions. In addition, our inquiry considers perspectives upon restrictive versus liberal migration policies.

scholarly journals THE EUROPEAN WELFARE STATE REGIMES: QUESTIONING THE TYPOLOGY DURING THE CRISIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosta JOSIFIDIS ◽  
John B. HALL ◽  
Novica SUPIC ◽  
Emilija BEKER PUCAR
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
European Welfare State ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Welfare State Regimes ◽  
The Eu

This paper examines the nature of changes within the EU–15 welfare states affected by the 2008 crisis. We try to answer the question of whether the differences that exist among different welfare state regimes, according to prevailing welfare state typologies, lead to different responses to the consequences of the crisis. Welfare state regimes are the result of different institutional perceptions of social risks hence it is realistic to expect specific responses to the effects of crisis among different welfare state regimes, and similar responses among the countries that belong to the same welfare state regimes. In order to recognize convergent vs. divergent processes, we perform a comparative analysis of the dynamics of the key welfare state determinants of the EU–15 countries, grouping according to welfare state regimes, in the pre-crisis and crisis periods. The results indicate that institutional rigidity and inherent inertia has remained a key factor of convergent welfare state processes in countries that belong to the Social Democratic and Corporatist welfare state regimes. Deviations from such a course are the most evident in the Mediterranean welfare state regimes, especially in Greece and Portugal where austerity measures have been formulated under the strong influence of the Troika.

Social Spending

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Pestieau ◽  
Mathieu Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
International Comparison ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Social Protection Systems ◽  
Over Time

There is a great diversity among welfare states in Europe. This diversity is reflected in the scale of expenditures for social protection systems, their evolution over time and the division of expenditures among programs. This chapter analyses the level and structure of expenditures for the last year for which data is available. Then, it turns to the evolution of social expenditure over time. Even though one observes some convergence, social spending is increasing in almost all countries. One of the reasons for this is the development of entitlements that makes it difficult to dismantle programs that have lost most of their raison d’être. Another issue concerns the international comparison of programs that are public in some countries and private, but heavily subsidized, in others.

scholarly journals LABOUR MIGRATION FLOWS: EU8+2 VS EU-15

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosta Josifidis ◽  
Novica Supic ◽  
Emilija Beker Pucar
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Empirical Ground ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Welfare State Regimes ◽  
Generous Welfare ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this paper is to determine whether, and to what extent, the migrations from the EU-8+2 to the EU-15 were motivated by differences in earnings and productivity and to what extent by differences in welfare state generosity during the period of the transitional arrangements. On these grounds, a distinction emerges between “favourable” and “unfavourable” migrations on one hand and immigration net winners and losers on the other hand. The obtained results represent an empirical ground for the discussion on the thesis according to which more generous welfare state regimes will be more susceptible to the influx of unfavourable immigrants during the upcoming period of the free movement of labour, while the less generous welfare state regimes will be a magnet for the favourable immigration influx within the EU-27.

scholarly journals Austerity, Labor Market Reform and the Growth of Precarious Employment in Greece during the Eurozone Crisis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Employment Protection ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Labor Market Reform ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
Social Protection Systems ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between structural reforms commonly referred to as austerity and the growth of precarious labour in Greece. It argues that, in contrast to the proponents of labour market flexibility, the liberalisation of labour markets, employment protection systems, social protection systems and collective bargaining institutions have not increased employment in Greece or minimised the growth of precarious employment. Rather, liberalising structural reforms have resulted in the creation of the very precarity its proponents claim is the product of rigid labour markets, and they have failed to significantly reduce existing levels of unemployment and increasing employment rates.

scholarly journals ASIF in Poland in the light of national budget expenditure since 1991. Justification functioning system separateness among the EU countries

Management ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-214
Author(s):  
Andrzej Czyżewski ◽  
Anna Matuszczak
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
European Network ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
National Budget ◽  
The Social ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Social Protection Systems ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Budget Expenditure

Summary The purpose of this article was to show that the existence of ASIF, as an important element of the social insurance system for farmers in Poland is not unique on a European scale. There were shown relationships ASIF with the budget and the characteristics of social insurance of farmers in selected countries of the European Network of Agricultural Social Protection Systems (ENASP)

scholarly journals The Welfare State as Universal Social Security: A Global Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Kerem Gabriel Öktem
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Social Expenditures ◽  
Social Protection Systems ◽  
The Welfare State

Over the past decades, the geography of comparative welfare state research has transformed. Whereas scholars used to focus on a limited number of advanced industrialised democracies, they now increasingly study developments in Europe’s periphery, East Asia, and Latin America. So, does this mean that the welfare state has spread around the world? To answer this question, we analyse different ways to measure welfare states and map their results. With the help of International Labour Organization and International Monetary Fund data, we explore measurements based on social expenditures, social rights, and social security legislations and show that each of them faces serious limitations in a global analysis of welfare states. For some measurements, we simply lack global data. For others, we risk misclassifying the extent and quality of some social protection systems. Finally, we present a measurement that is grounded in the idea that the welfare state is essentially about universalism. Relying on a conceptualisation of the welfare state as collective responsibility for the wellbeing of the entire population, we use universal social security as a yardstick. We measure this conceptualization through health and pension coverage and show that a growing number of countries have become welfare states by this definition. Yet, it is possible that at least some of these cases offer only basic levels of protection, we caution.

European Migration: Welfare Migration or Economic Migration?

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1850140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Warin ◽  
Pavel Svaton
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Joint Force ◽  
Extended Gravity ◽  
Economic Migration ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
European Migration ◽  
The Eu

This paper presents an empirical assessment of bilateral migration flows into the EU-15 countries. Using an extended gravity model, it identifies economic, welfare state, geospatial and linguistic variables as the principal determinants of migration flows into the EU-15 countries. As long as its effect is not offset by a high unemployment rate in the host country, the level of social protection expenditure influences migrants' choice of destination. However, albeit acting as a joint force with other economic, cultural and geospatial variables, the welfare state characteristics of the host country need to be reckoned with when studying European migration flows. Our empirical findings lend some support for a more unified or at least better coordinated social policy across the European Union.

Sweden

2019 ◽  
pp. 228-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Palme
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Financial Hardship ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Level Of Living ◽  
Social Protection Systems ◽  
The Welfare State

The two crises examined by Joakim Palme in this chapter impacted differently on the level of living conditions in Sweden. The deep 1990s crisis had a broad-ranging effect on population hardship, while Great Recession effects were much more restricted. The effects of the 1990s crisis were partially affected by the retrenchment of social protection expenditures across the board. This indicates an emerging institutional deficit in relation to the ideal type of universalism often associated with the Swedish welfare state model. In contrast, there were no retrenchment effects on social protection systems as such during the Great Recession, but policy changes made beforehand had actually increased the identified universalism deficit further. This leaves the welfare state at another crossroads, particularly in light of the massive refugee migration that took place in 2015. Nevertheless, the Swedish welfare state managed to avert an increase of financial hardship during the Great Recession.

Neither Welfare State nor Welfare Society: The Case of Hong Kong

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chack-kie Wong ◽  
Kenneth Kin-lam Chau ◽  
Timothy Ka-ying Wong
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Welfare System ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Simple Fact ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Welfare Society

This article points to the simple fact that modern welfare systems are neither welfare states nor are they welfare societies. In reality, they are a combination of both. The current interpretation of the supposed dichotomy of these two institutions has inhibited our understanding of reality. Consequently, this has obscured the complicated ways in which the state and the society have worked together to harmonize the needs for social protection and active citizenship. In the present article, the example of a Chinese welfare system has been used to illustrate that even a welfare system usually not regarded as a welfare state can develop strong universal welfare state programmes. In order to demonstrate the significance of this situation, findings related to public attitudes have been cited to reflect the support of both policy assumptions underlying social protection and active citizenship in the welfare system that is under review.

scholarly journals A Picture of the Social Situation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Ildikó Laki
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
The Social ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Institutional Network ◽  
Social Protection Systems

The main purpose of the current study was to outline and assess a picture of the Hungarian and international welfare systems. The social care system is an essential institutional network for the society, be it a system of specific institutions or legislation. The European Union’s approach mainly focuses on social responsibility and solidarity as its primary consideration. The European Union considers that social safety net and social protection systems cannot work without adopting this approach, and only the systems that offer true assistance to the members of the society can actually give assistance to the society. In addition to economic orientation, solidarity-based and socially inclusive attitude has a particularly important role to play, since it is much more than just funding to smooth out individual or social problems.

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