scholarly journals Teeth size reduction in the prehistoric populations in Serbia

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 419-424
Author(s):  
Tina Pajevic ◽  
Tijana Sessa ◽  
Jovana Juloski ◽  
Branislav Glisic
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Gate ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Upper Third ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. Anthropological studies show craniofacial changes with a reduction in teeth size during evolution of the human population. Objective. The objective was to measure and compare the sizes of teeth in the population of the Mesolithic-Neolithic sites in the Iron Gate Gorge and the population from the Early Bronze Age site of Mokrin. Methods. The study included teeth without advanced wear near the pulp. The material was divided according to the site of the skeletal population in two groups. Group 1 comprised 107 teeth from the Mesolithic-Neolithic sites Lepenski Vir and Vlasac. Group 2 included 158 teeth from the Mokrin graveyard dated in the Early Bronze Age. The mesio-distal diameter was measured in all teeth, while the vestibulo-oral diameter was measured in the molars only. Using the two-factor analysis of variance, the influence of sex, site and their interaction on the size of the teeth were investigated. Results. The vestibulo-oral diameter of the upper third molar was significantly higher in males compared to females. The comparison between the groups showed that the vestibulooral diameter of the lower first molar was significantly higher in group 1. Conclusion. The present difference in teeth size indicates the existence of reduction during the prehistoric times. However, the time period between the populations studied is probably too short to be manifested on a large number of teeth.

scholarly journals Comparison of Buccal Infiltration of 4% Articaine With 1 : 100,000 and 1 : 200,000 Epinephrine for Extraction of Maxillary Third Molars With Pericoronitis: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Lacet Lima ◽  
Eduardo Dias-Ribeiro ◽  
Julierme Ferreira-Rocha ◽  
Ramon Soares ◽  
Fábio Wildson Gurgel Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Experienced Pain ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Upper Third ◽  
Buccal Infiltration ◽  
Palatal Mucosa ◽  
Group 1

Abstract We compared the buccal infiltration of 4% articaine with 1 : 100,000 or 1 : 200,000 epinephrine without a palatal injection for the extraction of impacted maxillary third molars with chronic pericoronitis. This prospective, double-blind, controlled clinical trial involved 30 patients between the ages of 15 and 46 years who desired extraction of a partially impacted upper third molar with pericoronitis. Group 1 (15 patients) received 4% articaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine and group 2 (15 patients) received 4% articaine with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine by buccal infiltration. None of the patients in group 1 reported pain, but 3 patients in group 2 reported pain, which indicated a need for a supplementary palatal injection. The palatal injections were all successful in eliminating the pain. Two additional patients in group 2 experienced pain when the suture needle penetrated their palatal mucosa. Based on these results, 4% articaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine was found to be more effective for the removal of upper third molars in the presence of pericoronitis than 4% articaine hydrochloride with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine when only a buccal infiltration was used.

scholarly journals Experimentally Induced Pulpal Lesion and Substance P Expression: Effect of Ketoprofen—A Preliminary Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Marco Abbate ◽  
Paola Sacerdote ◽  
Giada Amodeo ◽  
Alessandro Mangano ◽  
Luca Levrini
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Upper Third ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Objectives.To evaluate substance P (SP) and the effect of ketoprofen administration, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on SP in the pulp of upper third molars with experimentally induced pulpal lesion.Materials and Methods.A sample of 20 young systemically healthy adults of both sexes, nonsmokers, with a healthy upper third molar to extract for orthodontic purposes, was selected. Prior to the procedure, an inflammatory process was generated by mechanical exposure of the pulp. After 15 minutes, the pulp was collected using a sterile barbed broach. SP levels were determined by using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) kit. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: group 1 received a dose of ketoprofen 30 minutes prior to the experimental procedure. The subjects of group 2 did not receive any kind of drug administration. The patients were asked to complete a diary on the postoperative pain.Results.No statistically significant difference could be detected in SP expression between the two groups. In group 1, pain manifestation was significantly delayed in comparison with group 2.Conclusions.Preventive administration of ketoprofen did not significantly affect the pulpal levels of SP but resulted in a significantly postponed manifestation of pain after extraction.

Development and Validation of the Questionnaire of Satisfaction with Perioperative Anesthetic Care for General and Regional Anesthesia in Taiwanese Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 1064-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wui-Chiu Mui ◽  
Chia-Ming Chang ◽  
Kong-Fah Cheng ◽  
Tak-Yu Lee ◽  
Kwok-On Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Regional Anesthesia ◽  
Anesthetic Care ◽  
Anesthesia Group ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Nomological Validity ◽  
Group 1

Background To fulfill the increasing demand of service quality improvement in recent years, it is imperative to develop a proper instrument to evaluate patient satisfaction with perioperative anesthetic care for many institutes in Taiwan. Methods We used a six-factor 32-item pilot questionnaire developed in our previous study as our starting point in this study. Exploratory factor analysis of the pilot questionnaire for factor structure generation was performed in general anesthesia patients (group 1, n = 320) and resulted in the generation of the Patient Satisfaction with Perioperative Anesthetic Care questionnaire (PSPACq). Confirmatory factor analysis of the PSPACq in general anesthesia (group 2, n = 565) and regional anesthesia (group 3, n = 225) patients was performed for validation and cross-validation of the PSPACq model, respectively. The confounding variables and the patient loyalty effects on PSPACq scores were analyzed to evaluate the nomological validity of the PSPACq. Result Exploratory factor analysis of the pilot questionnaire in group 1 resulted in the development of the PSPACq (a seven-factor 30-item model). The standardized coefficients and indexes for the assessment of fit of the PSPACq model in group 2 (validation) and group 3 (cross-validation) patients revealed a well-fitting model. The results of the loyalty scores and confounding variables support the nomological validity of the PSPACq. Conclusions A valid and reliable questionnaire (PSPACq) with Taiwanese culture characteristics was developed and is suitable for testing of patient satisfaction with perioperative anesthesia care for patients receiving general or regional anesthesia for their surgery.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of physical development parameters of children with stages 1 to 3 of chronic kidney disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
T L Nastausheva ◽  
O A Zhdanova ◽  
N S Nastausheva ◽  
L I Stahurlova ◽  
I V Grebennikova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To conduct comparative analysis of height, weight and body mass index in children with stages 1 to 3 of chronic kidney disease (CKD) caused by recurrent urinary tract infection due to congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract.Methods. The study was performed on 210 children: 110 patients examined in 2001-2002 (group 1) and 100 children examined in 2011-2012 (group 2). Stage 1 of CKD was observed in 94 (85.4%) children in group 1 and in 93 (93%) in group 2, stage 2 - in 16 (14.6%) and 7 (7%) patients, respectively. From both groups patients matched by sex, age, diagnosis and social status were selected: 20 patients with stage 1, 19 children with stage 2; in addition, 6 children with stage 3 were examined.Results. Nowadays children with CKD stage 1 are taller compared to patients of the beginning of the XXI century (Z-score: -0.14±1.43 and 0.20±0.98 respectively, p=0.01). Significant differences in weight were found in children with stage 1 in 2011-2012 compared to the patients in 2001-2002 (0.18±0.46 and 0.78±1.19 for groups 1 and 2, respectively, р=0.026). A tendency towards decrease of average height in children with stage 3 is observed compared to patients with stage 1, i.e. due to the progression of the disease.Conclusion. The data obtained reflect modern tendencies towards increase of children height and weight. No significant differences were found in physical development parameters of children with stages of chronic kidney disease 1 and 2 examined at the same time period but a tendency towards children’s height decrease from stages 1 to 3 of CKD of non-glomerular etiology was revealed.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Effect of Sutureless Versus Multiple Sutures Technique on Complications following Third Molar Surgery in Nepalese Subpopulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Arun Kr. Mahat ◽  
Ram Yadav ◽  
Anjani Kr. Yadav ◽  
Pradeep Acharya ◽  
Ashok Dongol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Third Molar Surgery ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Sutureless Technique ◽  
Lateral Canthus ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To compare the effect of sutureless versus multiple sutures technique on postoperative variables such as pain, swelling, and trismus after surgical removal of the third molar in Nepalese subpopulation. Materials and Methods. Forty-eight patients were equally grouped into multiple sutures (group 1) and sutureless (group 2) groups using a computer-generated random table. The same operator performed all the surgical procedures. Postoperative variables such as pain, swelling, and trismus were measured by a single concealed observer using a 10 cm Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), flexible plastic measuring tape, and vernier caliper preoperatively and on 1st, 2nd, and 7th postoperative days. Results. This study showed significantly more swelling measured from the gonion to lateral canthus in group 1 than in group 2 on all postoperative periods (P<0.05). The mean NRS score was significantly higher in group 1 on the 1st postoperative day (P=0.01). Though mean duration of surgery, swelling as measured from tragus to commissure, trismus, NRS score except on the 1st postoperative day, total number of analgesics consumed, and complications were noted more in the multiple sutures group, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Our results support the use of sutureless technique after third molar surgery to minimize postoperative morbidity and the overall operative time and reduce the cost within the Nepalese subpopulation.

scholarly journals Long-term outcome of common femoral artery endarterectomy in octogenarians and non-octogenarians

2020 ◽  
pp. 145749692090773
Author(s):  
C. Uhl ◽  
H. Götzke ◽  
F. Zeman ◽  
S. Woronowicz ◽  
T. Betz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Major Amputation ◽  
Primary Patency ◽  
Versus Group ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: Arteriosclerotic disease of the common femoral artery can be treated by surgical or endovascular intervention. Elderly patients are said to have a worse outcome if treated by surgical means; however, data to support this theory are missing. Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent common femoral artery endarterectomy between March 2007 and July 2018 in our clinic. Group 1 included all patients <80 years and Group 2 included all patients ⩾80 years. Endpoints were patency rates, limb salvage, and overall survival. Results: During this time period, 977 common femoral artery endarterectomies were performed. Indication was claudication in 61.5% and critical limb ischemia in 38.5%. Group 1 included 805 cases (82.4%) and Group 2 included 172 cases (17.6%). Thirty-day mortality was 2.7% (Group 1 = 1.6% versus Group 2 = 7.6%; p < 0.001) and 30-day major amputation was 1.1% (Group 1 = 0.7% versus Group 2 = 2.9%; p = .043). Primary patency and secondary patency were 84.2% and 96.8%, respectively, after 7 years. Limb salvage (93.7%, Group 1 = 94.1% versus Group 2 = 91.8%; p = .088) and overall survival (52.0%, Group 1 = 59.1% versus Group 2 = 15.7%; p = .006) were significantly different after the same time period. Multivariable analysis showed female gender to be a risk factor for loss of primary patency. Age ⩾ 80 years and ulcer or gangrene were risk factors for death. Statin use was beneficial to survival. Conclusion: Common femoral artery endarterectomy is a safe procedure with excellent long-term results. Octogenarians have an increased risk for perioperative mortality and major amputation.

Radiocarbon Dates and Stable Isotope Data from the Early Bronze Age Burials in Riigiküla I and Kivisaare Settlement Sites, Estonia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Tõrv ◽  
John Meadows
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Agricultural Communities ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Freshwater Reservoir ◽  
Relationship Of

Four inhumations from Kivisaare and Riigiküla I settlement and burial sites were dated in the course of a project about hunter-gatherer mortuary practices in Estonia, as they were believed to belong to the Stone Age. However, these burials appear to be Early Bronze Age inhumations instead, and thus are discussed separately in the present article. These burials are the first evidence in Estonia of a long-lasting tradition of inhumations without any visible aboveground structures. As the archaeology of the Early Bronze Age in Estonia is poorly known, these four inhumations contribute immensely to our understanding about this time period. Moreover, stable isotope values show that these people had a more terrestrial subsistence strategy than Stone Age hunter-gatherers. Nevertheless, aquatic resources were probably still significant components of their diet, particularly at Kivisaare, and the radiocarbon dates could therefore be subject to significant freshwater reservoir effects. This creates ambiguity in the chronological relationship of these four individuals to burials in stone-cist graves, which are attributed to the Late Bronze Age and which appear to be associated with fully agricultural communities.

scholarly journals Vertical eruption patterns of impacted mandibular third molars after the mesialization of second molars using miniscrews

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Un-Bong Baik ◽  
Yoon-Ah Kook ◽  
Mohamed Bayome ◽  
Je-Uk Park ◽  
Jae Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Space Closure ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective:  To investigate (1) whether vertical eruption of impacted third molars improves after mesialization of second molars and (2) what factors affect the vertical eruption of impacted third molars when space caused by missing molars is successfully closed by mesialization of the second molar using miniscrews. Materials and Methods:  The treatment group (Group 1) included 52 patients who had (1) missing mandibular first molars (ML-6) or missing deciduous mandibular second molars (ML-E), (2) initially impacted mandibular third molars, and (3) successful space closure of the edentulous area with orthodontics. Panoramic radiographs at start of treatment (T1) and at time of space closure (T2) were collected. The control group (Group 2) included 46 nonedentulous patients with impacted mandibular third molars without molar protraction treatment. Panoramic radiographs with similar T1/T2 treatment times were selected. Nine measurements were obtained regarding horizontal available space, vertical eruption, and third molar angulation. Results:  Third molars erupted vertically an average of 2.54 mm in Group 1 compared with 0.41 mm in Group 2. Age, gender, Nolla stage, and angle of the third molars did not show significant correlations with the vertical change of the impacted third molars, whereas the depth of third molar impaction and available space showed significant correlations. Conclusions:  Impacted mandibular third molars vertically erupt as a result of uprighting with mesialization of the second molar, and vertical eruption is affected by the initial vertical location of impacted third molars and available space.

Increasing the Dialysis Volume and Frequency in a Fixed Period of Time in CPD Patients: The Effect on Kpt/V and Creatinine Clearance

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 693-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Juergensen ◽  
A. Lola Murphy ◽  
Alan S. Kliger ◽  
Fredric O. Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Large Body ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Baxter Healthcare ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Fixed Period ◽  
Group 1

Background The National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) has evidence- and opinion-based recommendations for weekly Kt/Vurea and weekly total creatinine clearance (CC) in chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD) patients. Using standard continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis technique, it is often difficult to achieve the suggested targets in anuric patients with large body mass. Thus, the use of automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) has been increasingly utilized to achieve adequate clearances. Automated dialysis is usually performed at night over an 8- to 10-hour period. The role of increases in dialysate volume and frequency of exchanges during this time period to achieve these target K/DOQI recommendations remains uncertain. We decided to study the effects of increasing the volume and number of exchanges in a fixed period of time in CPD patients. Methods In the New Haven CAPD unit, 29 patients maintained on APD were considered eligible for the study and 11 agreed to participate. The patients were characterized according to standard peritoneal equilibration test criteria. The patients were placed into two groups: group 1 included high (H) and high-average (HA), and group 2 low-average (LA) transporters. The patients were dialyzed at night for 9 hours with standard cycling technique, using 2.5% Dianeal (Baxter Healthcare, Deerfield, Illinois, USA) solution, with a cycle volume of 2500 mL, and a 2000-mL daytime dwell. Three studies were done on each patient using a total dialysis volume of 9.5 L (3 cycles), 14.5 L (5 cycles), and 19.5 L (7 cycles). Daily Kpt/Vurea and daily CCp (peritoneal) (L/day/1.73 m2) were obtained. Results Six patients were H or HA (group 1) and 5 were LA transporters (group 2). For the group 1 patients, mean weight was 86.6 ± 13.5 kg; Kpt/Vurea was 1.68 ± 0.21 using 9.5 L, 2.03 ± 0.28 for 14.5 L ( p < 0.05 compared to 10 L), and 2.28 ± 0.28 with 19.5 L ( p < 0.05 compared to 10 L and 15 L); mean weekly CCp was 45.43 ± 7.63 L/1.73 m2 for 9.5 L ( p < 0.05 compared to 14.5 L and 19.5 L), 51.17 ± 7.07 with 14.5 L, and 54.67 ± 10.08 for 19.5 L; ultrafiltration rates were not different in the three studies. For the group 2 patients, mean weight was 74.3 ± 17.7 kg; mean weekly Kpt/Vurea was 1.68 ± 0.35 using 9.5 L, 2.10 ± 0.42 for 14.5 L ( p < 0.05 compared to 9.5 L), and 2.31 ± 0.56 for 19.5 L ( p < 0.05 compared to 9.5 L and 14.5 L); mean weekly CCp was 42.56 ± 10.64 L/1.73 m2 for 9.5 L ( p < 0.05 compared to 14.5 L and 19.5 L), 50.89 ± 12.66 for 14.5 L, and 51.94 ± 11.20 for 19.5 L; ultrafiltration was lower in the 9.5-L study than in the 14.5-L and 19.5-L studies, but was not different in the 14.5-L and 19.5-L studies. Conclusions In both H/HA and LA transporters, Kpt/Vurea and CCp rise significantly when the frequency of exchanges and total volume of dialysate are increased. Thus, the use of larger volumes of dialysate with cycling peritoneal dialysis may result in increased clearances of urea and creatinine.

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