scholarly journals Public interest vs. strategies of individual actors in urban and spatial planning

Sociologija ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miodrag Vujosevic ◽  
Ksenija Petovar
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Societal Relevance ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
The One

Here a preliminary hypothesis is used, viz., that the concept of "postsocialist" public interests is disputed in each and every aspect, implicating that a new theoretical and heuristic framework is needed for urban planning. This framework ought to be developed in a way to render it acceptable as a common denominator for the majority of urban actors, on the one hand, and to help balance individual (partial) and collective interests in the preparation and implementation of planning decisions at various planning levels, on the other. Under the current conditions of transition, there are very few elements that could in advance and with certainty be ascertained of public or general interest. The quality and societal relevance of planning decisions would basically depend on the quality of planning communication and interaction, also being relevant for the developing of a public interest. In the contribution, it is particularly emphasized that, following the collapse of the former ("socialist") public interests, the very legitimacy of planning is endangered as well. We direct attention to a number of new approaches, with a view to make use of their respective rational, productive, emancipatory and modernizing potential. Here, it is almost the last "resort" for one to insist on the publicity and public control in planning decision-making, especially in terms of the role of laymen - versus the more powerful and influential stakeholders - as the key direction in developing of new modes of planning. In this context, of crucial importance is to develop a new theoretical articulation of the concept of "postsocialist" public interests, as this concept is constituent for developing democratic planning during the transition period. The key aspect here pertains to balancing a large number of emerging and legitimate individual interest vis-?-vis public (collective, common, and similar) interests. This also applies to developing new institutional and organization arrangements and support that are needed, to direct the "societal game" of individual interests to collective public purposes. Particularly, effective arrangements of the kind are needed to prevent the "game" ends in destructive outcome, in the first place for the already well established public interests that will predictably keep such status.

Vindicating environmental public interests in China: A balanced approach to institutional interaction in public interest litigation system

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-291
Author(s):  
Yun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Public Interest Litigation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Balanced Approach ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
The One

Along with the adoption of environmental public interest litigation (EPIL) in China, the configuration among civil society, administrative, procuratorial and judicial powers is reshaped and transformed. With various actors brought to the public interest ground, the conventional role of governments as a public interest defender through law enforcement activities is distorted. This, on the one hand, spurs and supplements insufficient government enforcement of environmental law, and on the other hand poses the danger of supplanting government enforcement, crowding out statutory responsibilities for governments and eroding their discretion in selecting regulatory tools and administrative procedures. To reach a balance making no power excessively intruding the other and bring PIL’s potential into full play, realignment of their respective roles and functions in the enforcement system is imperative. Government enforcement should be strengthened and given priority in vindicating environmental public interests. Pre-conditions for filing different types of EPIL claims should be established and specified. To develop an internally coordinated EPIL system, the future reforms should be legally underpinned with the order of standing coordinated, concurrent claims screened, connection arrangements established and the usage of incidental litigation promoted.

scholarly journals Analysis and evaluation of Lithuanian public interest companies audit market

2014 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Darius Vaicekauskas
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Audit Market ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Prior Literature

The article investigates audit companies‘ specialization among the public interest companies of Lithuania. Prior literature explores various advantages of industry auditors – auditors who specialize in particular industries while enhancing the main part of clients in the industry branch. Industry auditors reach higher level of audit quality, while making more effective planning decisions, assessing more effectively client‘s business risk, as well as the risk of material misstatement, complying at highest rate with auditing standards. 154 public interests companies of Lithuania were analysed in order to assess whether the is a trend of auditors‘ specialization in a market of public interest companies in Lithuania. Results of the research imply auditors tending to specialize themselves in mainly all branches of industries, reaching highest rate of clients in particular industry of pension funds, investment funds and credit institutions. The results also disclose some evidence of industry auditors keeping their audit prices at higher level than their competitors, as well as their reputation being quite stable reaching more adds than losses. Issues concerning industry expertise auditors‘ quality significantly affects auditors‘ reputation. The results of the research taken support conclusions of vast body of prior researches on auditors‘ specialization implying that particular industry auditors may achieve and enhance higher level of audit quality.

Gestion publique et gestion privée des services publics : l'exemple de la restructuration des entreprises publiques économiques en Belgique

Res Publica ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Philippe Quertainmont
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Post Office ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Management Contract ◽  
The One ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
Monopoly Position

The role of state services in a market economy has been lately at the care of an intellectual and political debate in Belgium as well as in most European countries. State companies as the Post Office, the Railways and the Telegraph Service have to face an ever more fierce competition and have to be efficient and profitable.The way to deal with privatisation bas however been much less clearcut in Belgium than in other countries such as the United Kingdom or France. A law bas been passed recently (on 21th March 1991) and the monopoly position of the Transport and Telecommunications state companies has been alleviated and their autonomy increased as a result. A distinction has been made between, on the one hand, the commercial activities for which they have to compete with the private sector and, on the other hand, the activities of public interest which are subject to certain limitations laid down in a management contract ( "contrat de gestion ") .

Idrīs’ Libya and the Role of Islam: International Confrontation and Social Transformation

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio M. Morone
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
External Interference ◽  
Political Perspective ◽  
Internal Instability ◽  
The One ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Cultural Reality

The formation of the Libyan state had an atypical chronology and history. It was not until the 1940s that the construction of the state and the formation of the Libyan nation took place, during the death throes of Italian colonial rule. The arrival of Idrīs on the throne was a compromise: although on the one hand it was the return to a pre-colonial and pre-modern political leadership, on the other this leadership lay within a modern institutional framework, derived from European constitutionalism. In the process of renewal of the tradition linked to the figure of Idrīs, the leader of the al-Sanūsiyyah, the Islam has been inestimably important. At the point of independence, the task was to transform Libya from an artifice of colonialism into a shared political and cultural reality; it was Islam, much more than Arabism, that was identified as the lowest common denominator. The twenty years of rule by Idrīs, from his appointment as Amīr of an autonomous Cyrenaica on 1 July 1949 to the revolution of 1 September 1969, can be summarized as a continual attempt at the opening-up and controlled reform of a strongly conservative political system, which, in view of a rapidly changing society, sought to move from a fragmented political perspective to a truly national one, without any conclusive success. Internal instability became increasingly related to external interference, not just by former colonial countries or the superpowers but also by other Arab countries such as Egypt, who were the purveyors of a project of militant nationalism: Libya became a zone of political and ideological conflict between the West and the Third World.

scholarly journals Structural and pragmatic aspects of the speech genre “treating to a meal”

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Maria V. Zadorina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Genre Studies ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Speech Genre ◽  
The One ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
Colloquial Speech

The article deals with the colloquial speech genre of “home” communication “treating to a meal”. The relevance of this research is determined by the general interest of modern linguistics to colloquial speech and genre studies. The research is based on the analysis of spoken discourse fragments recorded in natural conditions (most of the fragments were collected by the method of participant observation). The author makes the following conclusions about the genre “treating to a meal”: the genre is used during the meals while receiving guests (the addressor is a host, the addressee – a guest, or guests) and during the meal of people living together (the addresser is often the one who does the cooking, the addressee – other household members); the genre has some gender peculiarities; “treating to a meal” is partially an etiquette genre, since its super-goal is to maintain contact and it is prompted by the role of the host or hostess in the house and by the situation of “eating together”. The author also focuses on the use of syntactic constructions. The basis of the sentences used in this genre are event propositions of physical action in the form of a structural scheme N4Vf.

scholarly journals Application of Internet and Big Data Technology to Give Full Play to the Function of Procuratorial Civil Public Interest Litigation in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 516-524
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Public Interest Litigation ◽  
Core Function ◽  
Data Platform ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The One

The procuratorial civil public interest litigation system is a kind of legal system, which will realize certain legal functions. As an important way for procuratorial organs to exercise their functions and powers, procuratorial civil public interest litigation system in China has many functions: on the one hand, it has the core function of protecting social public interests; on the other hand, it has the main function of enforcing laws, forming public policies and promoting social governance; and it has the guiding function of providing reference for similar reforms. How to fully give play to the function of procuratorial civil public interest litigation, the big data is an important means. Procuratorial organs should make full use of the information of data platform, and enhance the joint efforts of public welfare protection, and set up the thinking of handling cases with information and improve application ability, so as to plug in "wisdom wings" for the procuratorial civil public interest litigation.

scholarly journals ComDev in the Mediatized World

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (Special-Issue) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Hemer ◽  
Thomas Tufte
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Change Processes ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Communication For Development ◽  
The One ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Media And Communication

Abstract In late 2011 we are in the beginning of a revolution that may or may not turn out to be more far-reaching than the one unleashed in 1989. A common denominator in this resurging revolution is the mobilizing power of the so-called social media. Even if labels such as the Twitter or Facebook revolution are rightfully refuted, the on-going Arab Spring is a clear-cut example of an unprecedented communication power, largely out of the authorities’ control. While the crucial role of media and communication in processes of social change at last becomes evident, it is however not associated with the field of communication for development and social change. While that field historically has been about developing prescriptive recipes of communication for some development, it is time attention is refocused to the deliberative, non-institutional change processes that are emerging from a citizens’ profound and often desperate reaction to the global now.

10. Nuisance

Tort Law ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Steele
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Public Nuisance ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Human Rights Act ◽  
Human Rights Act 1998 ◽  
The Relationship

All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing able students with a stand-alone resource. This chapter is concerned with two forms of action in nuisance: public nuisance and private nuisance. It begins by considering the basis of liability in private nuisance and the difficulties presented by cases of overlap between negligence and nuisance. It also discusses the relationship between private and public interests and the relevance of the Human Rights Act 1998. The chapter concludes by assessing the role of community or public interest in nuisance actions, particularly in relation to remedies. Relevant court cases are cited where appropriate.

You Are the One I Want to Communicate With!

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Pierucci ◽  
Olivier Klein ◽  
Andrea Carnaghi
Keyword(s):  
Memory Bias ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Shared Reality Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Study Participants

This article investigates the role of relational motives in the saying-is-believing effect ( Higgins & Rholes, 1978 ). Building on shared reality theory, we expected this effect to be most likely when communicators were motivated to “get along” with the audience. In the current study, participants were asked to describe an ambiguous target to an audience who either liked or disliked the target. The audience had been previously evaluated as a desirable vs. undesirable communication partner. Only participants who communicated with a desirable audience tuned their messages to suit their audience’s attitude toward the target. In line with predictions, they also displayed an audience-congruent memory bias in later recall.

The Formation of Intermediate Product I in a Purified System The Role of Factor IX or of its Precursor and of a Hageman Factor-PTA Fraction

1961 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 224-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T Yin ◽  
F Duckert
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Product ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Haemophilia B ◽  
Hageman Factor ◽  
One Stage ◽  
The One

Summary1. The role of two clot promoting fractions isolated from either plasma or serum is studied in a purified system for the generation of intermediate product I in which the serum is replaced by factor X and the investigated fractions.2. Optimal generation of intermediate product I is possible in the purified system utilizing fractions devoid of factor IX one-stage activity. Prothrombin and thrombin are not necessary in this system.3. The fraction containing factor IX or its precursor, no measurable activity by the one-stage assay method, controls the yield of intermediate product I. No similar fraction can be isolated from haemophilia B plasma or serum.4. The Hageman factor — PTA fraction shortens the lag phase of intermediate product I formation and has no influence on the yield. This fraction can also be prepared from haemophilia B plasma or serum.

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