scholarly journals The effects of exhaust gas re-circulation and injection timing on combustion performance and emissions of biodiesel and its blends with 2-methylfuran in a diesel engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1 Part A) ◽  
pp. 215-229
Author(s):  
Helin Xiao ◽  
Xiaolong Yang ◽  
Ru Wang ◽  
Shengjun Li ◽  
Jie Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Circulation Ratio

In this study, the influences of injection timing and exhaust gas re-circulation on combustion and emissions characteristics of biodiesel/2-methylfuran blends are investigated on a modified water-cooled 4-cylinder four-stroke direct injection compression ignition engine. The experimental conditions are, respectively, to adjust injection timing and exhaust gas re-circulation ratio at 0.38 MPa break mean effective pressure with the engine speed at 1800 rpm constantly. With injection timing in advance, the peak cylinder pressure rose while maximum heat re-lease rate first decreased and next slightly raised. Ignition delay and brake specific fuel consumption reduced first and then raised while combustion duration and break thermal efficiency had the opposite trend. The NOx emissions in-creased, and HC emissions first reduced significantly and then slightly increased, while 1,3-butadiene and acetaldehyde emissions presented a reduction tendency. As exhaust gas re-circulation ratio increased gradually, ignition delay as well as combustion duration was prolonged. brake specific fuel consumption increased and break thermal efficiency declined. HC, CO, 1,3-butadiene, and acetaldehyde emissions raised while NOx emissions reduced significantly. Biodiesel could be-have well in a Diesel engine and thus a feasible alternative fuel for diesel. More-over, methylfuran addition into biodiesel could raise break thermal efficiency and the break thermal efficiency of BM20 is higher than BM10. However, both BM10 and BM20 appeared a combustion deterioration when injection timing at 2.5?CA before top head center.

Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Variable Injection Timing System Performance Evaluation and Optimum Setting for Minimum Fuel Consumption at Acceptable NOx Levels

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios T. Hountalas ◽  
Spiridon Raptotasios ◽  
Antonis Antonopoulos ◽  
Stavros Daniolos ◽  
Iosif Dolaptzis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Start Of Injection

Currently the most promising solution for marine propulsion is the two-stroke low-speed diesel engine. Start of Injection (SOI) is of significant importance for these engines due to its effect on firing pressure and specific fuel consumption. Therefore these engines are usually equipped with Variable Injection Timing (VIT) systems for variation of SOI with load. Proper operation of these systems is essential for both safe engine operation and performance since they are also used to control peak firing pressure. However, it is rather difficult to evaluate the operation of VIT system and determine the required rack settings for a specific SOI angle without using experimental techniques, which are extremely expensive and time consuming. For this reason in the present work it is examined the use of on-board monitoring and diagnosis techniques to overcome this difficulty. The application is conducted on a commercial vessel equipped with a two-stroke engine from which cylinder pressure measurements were acquired. From the processing of measurements acquired at various operating conditions it is determined the relation between VIT rack position and start of injection angle. This is used to evaluate the VIT system condition and determine the required settings to achieve the desired SOI angle. After VIT system tuning, new measurements were acquired from the processing of which results were derived for various operating parameters, i.e. brake power, specific fuel consumption, heat release rate, start of combustion etc. From the comparative evaluation of results before and after VIT adjustment it is revealed an improvement of specific fuel consumption while firing pressure remains within limits. It is thus revealed that the proposed method has the potential to overcome the disadvantages of purely experimental trial and error methods and that its use can result to fuel saving with minimum effort and time. To evaluate the corresponding effect on NOx emissions, as required by Marpol Annex-VI regulation a theoretical investigation is conducted using a multi-zone combustion model. Shop-test and NOx-file data are used to evaluate its ability to predict engine performance and NOx emissions before conducting the investigation. Moreover, the results derived from the on-board cylinder pressure measurements, after VIT system tuning, are used to evaluate the model’s ability to predict the effect of SOI variation on engine performance. Then the simulation model is applied to estimate the impact of SOI advance on NOx emissions. As revealed NOx emissions remain within limits despite the SOI variation (increase).

Factors Affecting Performance of Dual Fuel Compression Ignition Engines

2013 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mustafa Ali ◽  
Sabir Mohamed Salih
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Factors Affecting

Compression Ignition Diesel Engine use Diesel as conventional fuel. This has proven to be the most economical source of prime mover in medium and heavy duty loads for both stationary and mobile applications. Performance enhancements have been implemented to optimize fuel consumption and increase thermal efficiency as well as lowering exhaust emissions on these engines. Recently dual fueling of Diesel engines has been found one of the means to achieve these goals. Different types of fuels are tried to displace some of the diesel fuel consumption. This study is made to identify the most favorable conditions for dual fuel mode of operation using Diesel as main fuel and Gasoline as a combustion improver. A single cylinder naturally aspirated air cooled 0.4 liter direct injection diesel engine is used. Diesel is injected by the normal fuel injection system, while Gasoline is carbureted with air using a simple single jet carburetor mounted at the air intake. The engine has been operated at constant speed of 3000 rpm and the load was varied. Different Gasoline to air mixture strengths investigated, and diesel injection timing is also varied. The optimum setting of the engine has been defined which increased the thermal efficiency, reduced the NOx % and HC%.

The Comparative Trail Research on the Performance of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Diesel Fuel and Biodiesel/Diesel Blended Fuel

2011 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Wen Ming Cheng ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Load Conditions

This paper discusses the brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency of a diesel engine using cottonseed biodiesel blended with diesel fuel. A series of experiments were conducted for the various blends under varying load conditions at a speed of 1500 rpm and 2500 rpm and the results were compared with the neat diesel. From the results, it is found that the brake specific fuel consumption of cottonseed biodiesel is slightly higher than that of diesel fuel at different engine loads and speeds, with this increase being higher the higher the percentage of the biodiesel in the blend. And the brake thermal efficiency of cottonseed biodiesel is nearly similar to that of diesel fuel at different engine loads and speeds. From the investigation, it is concluded that cottonseed biodiesl can be directly used in diesel engines without any modifications, at least in small blending ratios.

scholarly journals Performance and emissions of a single cylinder diesel engine operating with rapeseed oil and jp-8 fuel blends

2015 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Gvidonas Labeckas ◽  
Irena Kanapkienė
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Engine Load ◽  
Fuel Blends

The article presents experimental test results of a DI single-cylinder, air-cooled diesel engine FL 511 operating with the normal (class 2) diesel fuel (DF), rapeseed oil (RO) and its 10%, 20% and 30% (v/v) blends with aviation-turbine fuel JP-8 (NATO code F-34). The purpose of the research was to analyse the effects of using various rapeseed oil and jet fuel RO90, RO80 and RO70 blends on brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, emissions and smoke of the exhaust. The test results of engine operation with various rapeseed oil and jet fuel blends compared with the respective parameters obtained when operating with neat rapeseed oil and those a straight diesel develops at full (100%) engine load and maximum brake torque speed of 2000 rpm. The research results showed that jet fuel added to rapeseed oil allows to decrease the value of kinematic viscosity making such blends suitable for the diesel engines. Using of rapeseed oil and jet fuel blends proved themselves as an effective measure to maintain fuel-efficient performance of a DI diesel engine. The brake specific fuel consumption decreased by about 6.1% (313.4 g/kW·h) and brake thermal efficiency increase by nearly 1.0% (0.296) compared with the respective values a fully (100%) loaded engine fuelled with pure RO at the same test conditions. The maximum NOx emission was up to 13.7% higher, but the CO emissions and smoke opacity of the exhaust 50.0% and 3.4% lower, respectively, for the engine powered with biofuel blend RO70 compared with those values produced by the combustion of neat rapeseed oil at full (100%) engine load and speed of 2000 rpm.

scholarly journals An Assessment on Performance Characteristics of Diesel Engine Using Lemongrass-Diesel Oil Fuel Blends

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Rana ◽  
Harikrishna Nagwan ◽  
Kannan Manickam
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Blends

Abstract Indeed, the development of alternative fuels for use in internal combustion engines has become an essential requirement to meet the energy demand and to deal with the different problems related to fuel. The research in this domain leads to the identification of adverse fuel properties and for their solution standard limits are being defined. This paper outlines an investigation of performance and combustion characteristics of a 4-stroke diesel engine using different cymbopogon (lemongrass) - diesel fuel blends. 10% to 40% cymbopogon is mixed with diesel fuel and tested for performance characteristics like brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency. To obtain emission characteristics smoke density in the terms of HSU has been measured. In result, it has observed that there is an increase of 5% in brake thermal efficiency and 16.33% decrease in brake specific fuel consumption. Regarding emission characteristics, a 12.9% decrease in smoke emission has been found.

scholarly journals Combustion Analysis of a Diesel Engine during Warm up at Different Coolant and Lubricating Oil Temperatures

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3931
Author(s):  
Faisal Lodi ◽  
Ali Zare ◽  
Priyanka Arora ◽  
Svetlana Stevanovic ◽  
Mohammad Jafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Hot Start

A comprehensive analysis of combustion behaviour during cold, intermediately cold, warm and hot start stages of a diesel engine are presented. Experiments were conducted at 1500 rpm and 2000 rpm, and the discretisation of engine warm up into stages was facilitated by designing a custom drive cycle. Advanced injection timing, observed during the cold start period, led to longer ignition delay, shorter combustion duration, higher peak pressure and a higher peak apparent heat release rate (AHRR). The peak pressure was ~30% and 20% and the AHRR was ~2 to 5% and ±1% higher at 1500 rpm and 2000 rpm, respectively, during cold start, compared to the intermediate cold start. A retarded injection strategy during the intermediate cold start phase led to shorter ignition delay, longer combustion duration, lower peak pressure and lower peak AHRR. At 2000 rpm, an exceptional combustion behaviour led to a ~27% reduction in the AHRR at 25% load. Longer ignition delays and shorter combustion durations at 25% load were observed during the intermediately cold, warm and hot start segments. The mass fraction burned (MFB) was calculated using a single zone combustion model to analyse combustion parameters such as crank angle (CA) at 50% MFB, AHRR@CA50 and CA duration for 10–90% MFB.

Studies on Influence of Injection Timing and Diesel Replacement on LPG-Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. Sudhir ◽  
Vijay Desai ◽  
Y. Suresh Kumar ◽  
P. Mohanan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Full Load ◽  
Smoke Density ◽  
Diesel Operation

Reducing the emissions and fuel consumption for IC engines are no longer the future goals; instead they are the demands of today. People are concerned about rising fuel costs and effects of emissions on the environment. The major contributor for the increased levels of pollutants is the Diesel engines. Diesel engine finds application in almost in all fields, including transportation sector such as buses, trucks, railway engines, etc. and in industries as power generating units. In the present work an attempt is made for effective utilization of diesel engine aiming for reduction in fuel consumption and smoke density. This is achieved by some minor modifications in diesel engine, so as to run the existing diesel engine as a LPG-Diesel dual-fuel engine with LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) induction at air intake. The important aspect of LPG-Diesel dual-fuel engine is that it shows significant reduction in smoke density and improved brake thermal efficiency with reduced energy consumption. An existing 4-S, single cylinder, naturally aspirated, water-cooled, direct injection, CI engine test rig was used for the experimental purpose. With proper instrumentation the tests were conducted under various LPG flow rates, loads, and injection timings. The influence of the diesel replacement by LPG on smoke density, brake specific energy consumption and brake thermal efficiency were studied. The optimal diesel replacement pertaining to the maximum allowable LPG gas flow limits could be assessed with these experiments. The influence of the injection timing variation on the engine performance and smoke density were analyzed form the experimental results. It was also observed that beyond half load operation of the dual-fuel engine, the brake thermal efficiency increases with diesel replacement, and at full load up to 4% improvement was observed compared to full diesel operation. At full load reduction in smoke density up to 25–36% was observed compared to full diesel operation. At advance injection timing of 30°btdc the performance was better with lower emissions compared to normal and retarded injection timings.

Effects of Ethanol-n butanol-diesel Oxygenated Fuel on Performance of Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 1766-1769
Author(s):  
Ming Wei Xiao ◽  
Jin'ge He
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Supply ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Oxygenated Fuel ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Blend Fuel

The experiments of the economy performance and emissions of diesel engine fueled with ethanol-n butanol-diesel were performed on a dual-cylinder direct injection diesel engine. The results show that without modification on the engine, while the mixed proportion of ethanol getting larger, the equivalent brake specific fuel consumption decreases and effective thermal efficiency increases when the diesel engine work on medium and high loads condition, NOX emissions and smoke decreased obviously. But the smoke increased when the proportion of ethanol is 20%. And the results also indicate that it is beneficial for decreasing the smoke and NOX emissions to reduce suitably fuel supply advance angle when the diesel engine fueled with blend fuel mixed high proportion of ethanol.

NOx Emissions From a Diesel Engine Fueled With Natural Gas

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tao ◽  
K. B. Hodgins ◽  
P. G. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Nox Emissions

The performance and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder two-stroke diesel engine fueled with direct injection of natural gas entrained with pilot diesel ignition enhancer have been measured. The thermal efficiency of the optimum gas-diesel operation was shown to exceed that of the conventional diesel at full load, but to be less at part load where the ignition delay was excessive. At high load, where the NOx emission problem is most serious, substantial reduction in NOx emission rate was obtained with delay of injection timing and also with use of exhaust gas recirculation. Measured cylinder pressures were used with a three-zone combustion model to determine ignition delay and the temperatures of the burned gas. The predicted NOx emissions based on equilibrium concentration of NO at the maximum burned gas temperature were found to correlate closely with exhaust pipe measurements of NOx.

scholarly journals Experimental Evalution of Palmyra Oil Blends in VCR Diesel Engine by using EGR Systems.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2727-2734
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Performance And Emission

In present days industries are growing at a rapid rate and so as the usage of the diesel. The fossil fuels are limited in nature, the increased usage of diesel is resulting in the depletion of its reserves this gives rise to the need of alternative fuels. Due to low specific fuel consumption and supreme power efficiency it has vast applications compared to other fuels but NOX and smoke has seriously causing problem to environment. For this the Palmyra oil has same properties of diesel with varying compression ratios effects the performance and emission characteristics are evaluated. In this process step wise increase of CRs from 16 initially .Then increases EGRs of 0%,5% and 10% and studied performance and emission characteristics. There is improvement in engine efficiency during EGR increment and at low load .There is simultanesly decrease in NOX emissions . The single cylinder four stroke variable compression performance and emissions can be varied.. when fuel is pure diesel,b15and b35 of Palmyra oil is examined and bear with standard automobile usable diesel was conducted at compression ratio of 16:1 at the degrees of 19 and 23 degrees. The influence of Palmyra oil like compression ratio on fuel consumption ,brake thermal efficiency and exhaust gas emissions like NOx and hc has been investigated .the overall optimum is found to be b15 biodiesel –diesel blended for compression ratio of 16 at different exhaust gas recirculation such as 0, 5 and 10. The same experimentation is done for other blends B15 and B35 with palmyra oil. All the values are compared with each other. The configuration which achieved highest Break thermal efficiency is compared to the common diesel engine configuration used and the advantages and the disadvantages are listed out

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