Effects of Different Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine

In this paper, biodiesel was used as an alternative fuel to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics of a four-stroke diesel engine, in terms of cylinder pressure, heat release rate, cylinder temperature, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, nitrogen oxide, soot, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbon. Firstly, a diesel engine cylinder model was developed by AVL-Fire software coupled with CHEMKIN code to simulate the injection and combustion of biodiesel with a kinetic mechanism with 106 species and 263 reactions. Then, the simulation model was validated by experimental results under 100% and 50% load conditions and used to simulate the combustion process of a diesel engine fueled with pure diesel, biodiesel, and biodiesel–diesel blends with 10%, 20%, 30% biodiesel by volume, respectively. The results showed that the brake specific fuel consumption increased with the increase of mixed biodiesel ratio. The brake specific fuel consumptions of B10, B20 and B30 increased by 1.1%, 2.3% and 3.3%, respectively, compared with that of D100. The combustion and emission characteristics of the diesel engine are improved. Therefore, biodiesel can be used as an alternative fuel for the diesel engine. The diesel–biodiesel fuel can improve the combustion and emission characteristics of the diesel engine.

Influence of Propanol as Additive with Diesel Jatropha Biodiesel Blend Fuel for Diesel Engine

Fossil fuels are widely recognized as non-renewable energy resources. They play an important role in our daily life because they can be used in various applications such as the production of soap and cosmetics, as an energy source and for transportation. However, the use of these fossil fuels causes negative impacts on humans, animals and the environment. These happen due to the emission of harmful gases into the atmosphere. Not only that, the available fossil fuels are decreasing due to continuous usage by humans. As a result, researchers investigated finding alternative ways to overcome this issue by replacing diesel fuel with biodiesel. Biodiesel is more environmentally friendly relative to diesel fuel. A research study was conducted involving biodiesel. The purpose of this study was to produce Jatropha Biodiesel, as well as evaluate the properties of Jatropha biodiesel and diesel Jatropha biodiesel blended with propanol. The production of Jatropha Biodiesel was done by using two-step transesterification which was an acid-catalyzed transesterification and base-catalyzed transesterification. Different methanol to oil ratios had been used to identify the best ratio to reduce the FFA content in the CJO. 9:1 was the best methanol to oil ratio and then tested with different catalyst weights. It was found that an increase in the weight of catalyst might reduce the amount of biodiesel yield. In addition, this study also investigated and predicted the engine performance and characteristics of diesel Jatropha biodiesel blended with propanol at different blending ratios. The properties of these test fuels were studied. Bomb calorimeter, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis and Diesel Engine test were done. Thus, the calorific value and functional group of the test fuels were identified and determined. The calorific value of biodiesel was much higher than conventional diesel due to the existence of oxygen. This could be proven as the analysis of FT-IR also showed a (C=O) bond which reflected the presence of oxygen. The oxygen helped in combustion besides reducing the hydrocarbon released into the air. These findings were then reflected and related to the performance of diesel engines.

A comparative analysis of flame temperature, radiation behaviors and NOx emission of an oil burner fueled with nano biodiesel blend fuel containing suspended energetic and non-energetic metal nanoparticles

This study presents a comparative experimental approach to analyze flame temperature, emissions and radiation behaviors of an oil furnace fueled with nano biodiesel blend fuel containing suspended energetic and non-energetic nanoparticles (NPs). Iron NPs were used as energetic nanoparticles and alumina (Al2O3) was selected as non-energetic NPs. A dilute homogeneous mixture (500 ppm) was provided from each NPs in B20 blend fuel. The fuels were burned in an oil burner subsequently and Infrared Radiation (IR) images of flame, profiles of flame temperature, luminous and total radiation and NOx and CO emissions were gauged and compared. Measurements showed that both NPs improve the evaporation rate of fuel droplets and displace the peak of flame temperature to the flame upstream region. Moreover, nano biodiesel blend fuel containing energetic iron NPs elevates flame temperature while the non-energetic alumina NPs reduce the peak of flame temperature. In Addition, both NPs strengthen the nucleation and growth of intermediate soot particles. These fuels containing suspended particles, also lead to an increase in the intermediate soot particles content of flame and flame emissivity. This increases IR, luminous and total flame radiation. The improvement of average flame radiative flux for nano biodiesel blend fuel containing energetic iron NPs and non-energetic alumina NPs are as high as 25% and 10%, respectively. Also, using energetic iron NPs and non-energetic alumina NPs in B20 fuel reduces the NOx emission by 13% and 11%, respectively.

Prestasi Pembakaran Biodiesel Berasaskan Minyak Bunga Matahari Ke Atas Pembakar Berbahan Api Cecair

The current study investigated the combustion performance of sunflower oil-based biodiesel fuel blends with diesel at the ratio of B10 (10% biodiesel, 90% diesel), B15 (15% biodiesel, 85% diesel), B25 (25% biodiesel, 75% diesel) and B50 (50% biodiesel, 50% diesel). The combustion performance of this fuel is evaluated based on the value of the combustion chamber wall temperature, the thermal efficiency of the burner as well as the concentration of emission gases released such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO?), and carbon monoxide (CO). Sunflower oil-based biodiesel blend fuel was measured and compared to diesel. All fuels tested were burned using a combustion chamber with one of its ends open, at five different equivalence ratios, namely, fuel-lean condition (? = 0.8 and 0.9), stoichiometry (? = 1.0), and fuel-rich (? = 1.1 and 1.2). The results show that sunflower oil-based biodiesel fuels burn at lower temperatures. This results in lower fuel thermal energy, and thus, lower thermal efficiency of the burner compared to diesel. Moreover, the emissions produced are lower (except for NOx) compared to diesel for all equivalence ratios. The results also show that the use of biodiesel is useful for different modern applications, especially in the industrial sector as it is more environmentally friendly and can be used as an alternative to petroleum fuels.

The blend fuel composition optimization to apply in tractor diesel engines

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). Today, vegetable oils, in particular, rapeseed oil (RO) are widely used types of fuels for diesel engines. The main physicochemical properties of RO are somewhat similar to diesel fuel (DF). However, one can highlight a large fraction of the oxygen content in it, which affects the fuel combustion intensity in diesel cylinders. In this regard, the addition of rapeseed oil is very important to optimize the composition of mixed fuel (MF) for its use in diesel engines. The purpose of the study was optimizing the MF composition and obtaining experimental data of diesel engine effective performance by means of regression analysis.Methodology and research methods. To optimize the MF composition studies were carried out to determine the relative fractions of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen in RO and MF, as well as bench tests of diesel fuel and MF with various RO additives operation, followed by the regression analysis of effective indicators.Scientifi c novelty and results. The effective performance dependences of the diesel engine on the RO content in the MF have been determined. Basing on the obtained load characteristics of the diesel engine, it was concluded that an increase in the average effective pressure from 0.2 to 1.2 MPa, as well as in the share of RO in MF from 0 to 80%, would lead to an increase in the effective specifi c fuel consumption to 383–506 g/kW·h and the decrease in effective effi ciency by 14–28%. On the basis of the regression analysis the maximum values of the optimality criterion indicators D-optimum = 0.98–1.0 with the addition of RO to MF from 45 to 50% were determined.Practical signifi cance. The value of the maximum permissible composition of MF, consisting of 50–55% of diesel fuel and 45–50% of RO and ensuring maximum compliance with the specifi ed conditions of optimality on the diesel engine under consideration has been obtained.

Effect of Ethanol-Biodiesel-Diesel Blend on Performance and Emission Characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine

A significant increase in every nation’s energy demand and insufficient conventional energy reservoirs for long duration, there became necessary requirement to shift from non-renewable to renewable energy sources. Diesel and biodiesel fuels have different thermo physical properties; hence performance and emission output parameters are also different compares with each other. For effective utilization of biodiesel, the characteristics of conventional single cylinder diesel engine with changing load and static speed (1500 rev/min) conditions are evaluated. The baseline diesel, biodiesel - diesel (BD) B08 [8% biodiesel blended with diesel] and ethanol-biodiesel-diesel (EBD) E05B08 [5% ethanol and 8% biodiesel blended with diesel] by v/v ratio are used for experimentation. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) reduced from 29.14% with diesel to 27.64% with biodiesel and 28.49% with ethanol blends. It is observed that BTE reduced by 1.5% with biodiesel blend and 0.65% only with ethanol blend. The CO, HC and opacity of exhaust gas pollutants are reduced with biodiesel blend fuel and also further reduced with EBD blend. NOx formation with B08 fuel is enhanced to 1967 ppm from 1557 ppm of baseline diesel whereas it is slightly increased to 1734 ppm by E05B08 fuel.