scholarly journals Mycotoxicological tests from the aspect of the HACCP system and legislation

2011 ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Jaksic ◽  
Igor Stojanov ◽  
Milica Zivkov-Balos ◽  
Zoran Masic ◽  
Zeljko Mihaljev ◽  
...  

Mycotoxins, as secondary metabolic products of molds, are common contaminants of raw feed materials and compound feeds. Depending on the agro-meteorological and storage conditions, molds can contaminate grains and produce mycotoxins in the field, before and after harvest and during storage. Way of preventing animal mycotoxicoses and transfer of mycotoxins to humans through food chain is regular inspection on mycotoxicological feed safety. This paper presents the results of examination of aflatoxin, ochratoxin and zearalenone in 89 samples tested under laboratory conditions during a one year period. The analyses of types of samples, contamination, and their origin demonstrated the need for preventive control of mycotoxin content, primarily in grains. The results of testing the content of aflatoxin in milk indicate the existence of risks to human health. In order to protect humans and animals from mycotoxicological contamination, we propose the use of the system hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP), which has been proved to be an effective strategy in food safety control. The basic principles of HACCP approach in the production of feed and foodstuffs, as well as the compliance and harmonization of legislations with those in the European Union, in the field of mycotoxicological tests, are the best prevention against mycotoxin effects on health and economy. Implementation of HACCP system currently presents one of the basic preconditions for the export of our products and their placement on the European market.

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1248-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHONG-HAE HONG ◽  
EWEN C. D. TODD ◽  
GYUNG-JIN BAHK

A hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) system was designed to identify specific hazards so that preventive and control measures to ensure the safety of a food could be implemented. Microbiological data generated through sampling were used to characterize the hygienic performance and to validate and verify the various HACCP plans. Aerobic plate counts (APCs) often are chosen as an indicator of the effectiveness of HACCP plans, because data for all aerobic bacteria are more easily collected than are data for pathogens of concern or other indicator organisms. However, it is not clear whether APCs are useful in verifying that a HACCP plan is working satisfactorily. In this study, APC data were collected from one pork-cutting plant in Korea both before and after the company initiated its HACCP plan. These APC data were used to compare microbiological differences and to determine the effect of any changes before and after implementing the HACCP plan. For this pork plant, after the HACCP plan was implemented the proportion of samples exceeding the 3 log CFU/cm2 limit dropped from 73.39 to 4.29% for the overall process. These results indicate that this plant improved its hygienic performance considerably and that the HACCP plan was an effective and valuable tool for achieving this improvement. The APC data were sufficient for validation and verification of the HACCP system that was successfully implemented to improve hygienic performance.


2002 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
M. Kassem

Thistudy aimed to assess the hygiene quality of some packaged milk [pasteurized or sterilized] and dairy products before and after application of a hazard analysis and critical control point [HACCP] system at a milk and dairy products company in Cairo, Egypt. The steps taken to put HACCP in place are described and the process was monitored to assess its impact. Assessment of the hygiene quality of the milk and dairy products before and after HACCP showed an improvement in quality and an overall improvement in the conditions at the company.


2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1632-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOS HADJICHRISTODOULOU ◽  
VARVARA MOUCHTOURI ◽  
THEODOROS VARZAKAS ◽  
IOANNIS ARVANITOYANNIS ◽  
JENNY KREMASTINOU

Standardized inspections of food premises are part of environmental health systems implemented worldwide. The food safety strategy for the 2004 Olympic Games included standardized inspections to ensure uniformity and consistency of procedures and effective electronic management of data. Inspections were carried out by 196 inspectors in the five Olympic cities: Athens, Thessalonica, Volos, Iraklio, and Patra. From January 2003 to September 2004, a total of 1,249 food premises were inspected. An unsatisfactory inspection result (C grade) was received by 347 (27.8%) food premises, a relatively satisfactory result (B grade) was received by 332 (26.6%), and a satisfactory result (A grade) was received by 570 (45.6%). About 16% of inspected premises did not hold a valid permit. Unsatisfactory inspection results were more frequent for premises located in the two largest Greek cities in comparison with the other smaller cities (relative risk = 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36 to 2.80). Based on logistic regression analysis, unsatisfactory inspection results were positively associated with food premises that were not located on a ground floor (odds ratio [OR] = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.39 to 4.73) and negatively associated with application of hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) principles (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.10 to 0.71). Food hygiene education through formal training programs should be encouraged to improve compliance of food premises. Food premises located on hotel floors and serving buffet meals are at higher risk for unsatisfactory conditions. Businesses that implemented a HACCP system within their operations to ensure food safety operated under more hygienic conditions. Future inspections by Public Health Authorities should involve elements of audit after the legislation for the application of HACCP principles.


Author(s):  
Mayra Díaz Ramírez ◽  
José Mariano García Garibay ◽  
Judith Jiménez Guzmán ◽  
Adriana Villanueva Carbajal

ResumenLa variabilidad de los alimentos tradicionales producidos de manera artesanal es admisible, pero su inocuidad debe garantizarse. La ejecución de Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura (BPM) es fundamental para la construcción de sistemas de gestión de la inocuidad como el Análisis de Riesgos y Puntos Críticos de Control (HACCP) e ISO-22000-Food Safety Management System. El cumplimiento de este tipo de prácticas en la producción de alimentos tradicionales en México es escaso. Tomando al queso de Poro, como ejemplo de este tipo de alimentos, el presente documento describe las condiciones y controles de su proceso de producción. Ello como el primer paso para documentar la factibilidad de implementar sistemas de gestión de la inocuidad. Esto es dado que la legislación en México permite la comercialización de este tipo de quesos si su producción cumple con controles basados en BPM.AbstractThe variability of hand-made traditional food products is admissible, but food safety must be guaranteed. The accomplishment of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) is essential to implement food safety management systems as the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system and the ISO-22000-Food Safety Management System. The fulfillment of these practices in the manufacture of traditional food products in Mexico is limited so, taking Poro cheese as an example of this kind of food products, the present document is intended to describe Poro cheese’s production controls and conditions as the first step to evaluate the feasibility to implement a food safety management system, since Mexico’s regulation allows the commercialization of these kind of cheeses if their production process complies with GMP.


Author(s):  
Dyah Lintang Trenggonowati ◽  
Asep Ridwan ◽  
Winda Chamidah Nurmayanti

Besarnya tuntutan masyarakat terhadap kualitas pangan yang baik dan aman untuk dikonsumsi semakin menuntut para produsen makanan untuk lebih memperhatikan aspek keamanan pangan pada saat dilakukannya pengelolaan sepanjang aktivitas rantai pasok. Hal ini sering disebut Food Safety Supply Chain. Timbulnya suatu risiko menjadi suatu hal yang tidak dapat dihindari dalam pemenuhan aspek penting dalam aktivitas rantai pasok. Manajemen rantai pasok menjadi suatu jawaban dalam pengendalian risiko yang terjadi pada rantai pasok perusahaan, salah satunya yaitu pada IKM Duren Oke. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi aliran konfigurasi rantai pasok, mengidentifikasi kejadian risiko yang berpotensi timbul mengganggu rantai pasok keamanan pangan, menentukan urutan sumber risiko berdasarkan nilai ARP tertinggi pada kategori tinggi, menentukan urutan usulan aksi mitigasi risiko berdasarkan nilai ETD dan menentukan sumber risiko yang perlu dilakukan pengendalian keamanan pangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu SCOR dalam pemetaan aktivitas rantai pasok IKM, metode FMEA dalam peratingan bobot severity dan occurrence, HOR dalam menentukan kategori tinggi sumber risiko yang harus ditangani dan penentuan aksi mitigasi yang tepat dan metode HACCP dalam pengendalian keamanan pangan. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 4 tahap yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode HOR yaitu tahap identifikasi, analisa risiko, evaluasi risiko dan mitigasi risiko. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan metode HOR, diperoleh 33 kejadian risiko dan 11 sumber risiko serta 5 usulan aksi mitigasi. Dari hasil kategori tinggi pada sumber risiko dilakukan pengendalian keamanan pangan pada proses produksi dan proses distribusi menggunakan metode HACCP.   The large demand of the community for good and safe food quality for consumption increasingly demands food producers to pay more attention to the aspect of food safety when doing management throughout supply chain activities. This is often called the Food Safety Supply Chain. The emergence of a risk becomes something that cannot be avoided in fulfilling important aspects in supply chain activities. Supply chain management is an answer in controlling risks that occur in the company's supply chain, one of which is the IKM Duren Oke. The purpose of this study is to identify supply chain configuration flow, identify potential risk events that disrupt the food safety supply chain, determine the order of risk sources based on the highest ARP value in the high category, determine the order of proposed risk mitigation actions based on ETD values and determine the sources of risk that need to be carried out food safety control. The methods used in this research are SCOR in mapping the supply chain activities of SMEs, FMEA method in ranking severity and occurrence weights, HOR in determining high categories of risk sources that must be addressed and determining appropriate mitigation actions and HACCP methods in food safety control. In this study, there were 4 stages carried out using the HOR method, namely the identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation and risk mitigation stages. Based on the results of research using the HOR method, 33 risk events were obtained, 11 risk sources and 5 proposed mitigation actions. From the results of the high category of risk sources carried out food safety control in the production process. 


2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Pardo ◽  
J. I. Pérez ◽  
J. E. Sánchez ◽  
M. Andrés ◽  
A. Alvarruiz

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