Milho Zaburro and Milho Maçaroca in Guinea and in the Islands of Cabo Verde

Africa ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Teixeira da Mota ◽  
António Carreira
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
The Other ◽  
American Variety ◽  
Cabo Verde ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphIt has been claimed that Zea mays existed in Africa before the discovery of America, but the plant is more generally considered to be a native of America, which could have spread through other continents only in post-Columbian times.This latter opinion has recently been challenged by several writers. Jeffreys, for instance, has since 1953 consistently maintained that on arrival in Guinea the Portuguese found Zea mays already well established there, as the cereal they called milho zaburro, previously introduced by the Arabs, who would have visited America long before Columbus. On the other hand, V. de Magalhães Godinho, pertinently refuting many of Jeffreys's reasonings and identifications, has put forward the view that, before the Portuguese voyages of discovery, there existed in Africa a variety of Zea mays, which was subsequently replaced by the American variety; the Portuguese would have become familiar with this variety in Morocco, and it would be this plant which they called milho zaburro, or milho maçaroca. To both these authors the designations milho maçaroca and Zea mays are indisputably synonymous.

Early Bantu Ethnography from a Philological Point of View

Africa ◽  
1930 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. v. Warmelo
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bantu Languages ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Compact Body ◽  
The One ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphFew of the secrets that Africa still holds from us to-day have, I think, such an absorbing interest as the problem of Bantu in its relation to the neighbouring families and types of speech. Taking the continent of Africa as a whole, we find on the one hand the huge, yet marvellously homogeneous and compact body of the Bantu languages, clear-cut in structure, simple and transparent in phonology, and, at the back of much apparent diversity, exceptionally uniform in vocabulary. On the other hand there are in Africa numerous other languages of various type, which differ so much amongst each other that they have not yet been brought under any but the very broadest of classifications. The essential points of these are as follows.

The Political Function of the Poro. (Part II.)

Africa ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Little
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Function ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphIn the concluding paragraphs of Part I of this article it was pointed out that in addition to its judicial functions the Poro society possessed some important powers of administration. On the other hand, there was also evidence to suggest that the society carried on this wide range of activities, amounting almost to government of the country, as an instrument of the chiefs.

Big Houses in Kano Emirate

Africa ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly Hill
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
The Village ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Opening ParagraphIn 1971–2 I undertook research in part of the very densely populated farming zone around Kano city (often called the Kano close-settled zone) in order to compare it with a Hausa village, Batagarawa, some 100 miles further north in Katsina Emirate, where I had lived and worked in 1967. At Batagarawa farmland is not scarce and members of the community are free to establish farms on uncultivated (bush) land, some of which is no further than a mile or so from the village. For some 30 to 40 miles or more around Kano city, on the other hand, there is little or no uncultivated bush and farmers with insufficient land are obliged to buy or to ‘borrow’ (aro) farmland from others. My purpose was to compare and contrast the socio-economic organization and economic conditions of farmers in the two localities, with special reference, in so far as this variable could be isolated, to population density.

The Study of ‘Social Change’ in British West Africa

Africa ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Little
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
West Africa ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Electric Light ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Foreign Consumption

Opening ParagraphA visitor to West Africa today will find most of the conventional trappings of a western civilization. He can travel on trains and in motor-cars and airplanes, and stay at rest-houses equipped with electric light and a flushed toilet. He can visit African homes furnished in the latest western style in which there is refrigeration and cooking is done by electricity. He will see Africans working in shops, offices, and factories, growing crops for foreign consumption, and leasing and renting land. He will visit churches and schools, play outdoor games, attend dances, performances of amateur dramatics, baby shows, and buy a flag for charity—all these activities being organized by Africans. On the other hand, he will also see a majority of Africans living in huts of wattle and daub and of grass, herding cattle, and cultivating their farms and plots with home-made implements, pounding their food in mortars, crossing rivers in dug-out canoes, dancing to the music of wooden drums, and worshipping ancient gods and spirits.

A First Essay in Imaginative African Literature

Africa ◽  
1936 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. East
Keyword(s):  
African Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Knowing How ◽  
The Road ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Way

Opening ParagraphA Snake was out riding on his horse (runs a Hausa fable) when he met a Frog. ‘That is not the way to ride,’ said the Frog,‘all curled up in the saddle. If you get down, I will show you.’ The Snake dismounted, and gave his horse to the Frog. The Frog mounted, and sitting firmly in the saddle galloped twice down the road and back. ‘That is the way to ride,’ he said, as he dismounted. ‘Very good indeed,’ said the Snake; ‘and now give me back my horse. Having is better than knowing how. Since you have no horse, your horsemanship is of little use to you. I, on the other hand, having a horse, need not learn to ride, unless I wish.’

The Migrant Tenant Farmer of Eastern Nigeria

Africa ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Udo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Tenant Farmer ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Tenant Farming

Opening ParagraphIn Eastern Nigeria today there is a growing movement of people from very densely populated rural districts to those which are sparsely peopled. The movement involves farmers who, because of the increasing pressure on the already overworked and impoverished soils of their village territories, move to districts favoured with abundant and more fertile farmlands. Migration to the farm during the farming season (February-October) may be distinguished from that in which the migrant stays at his place of work for many years before returning to his own village. The former is generally associated with short-distance movement to farmlands rarely more than twenty miles from the natal village. The latter, on the other hand, often involves movement over long distances. The migrant farmer is engaged not only in growing crops but also in harvesting and processing palm fruits. The various economic, demographic, and environmental factors which give rise to this pattern of farming are discussed in this paper, which also reviews the socio-economic implications of migrant tenant farming in Eastern Nigeria.

The Fante Asafo: a Re-examination

Africa ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansu Datta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Uneven Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Southern Ghana ◽  
Looking Back

Opening ParagraphSociological interest, like economic growth, is subject to uneven development. While Asante society has been studied in detail by Rattray (1923, 1927, and 1929), Busia (1949), and Lystad (1958), there has been relatively little research on the Fante of southern Ghana, and even less on the Fante asafo (the traditional military companies to which one belongs through the father's line). Looking back at De Graft Johnson's article on the Fante asafo, published in Africa in 1932, one realizes that even after three decades it remains, with the possible exception of Chapter VI of Christensen's monograph (1954), the only significant study devoted to the asafo. Yet, although valuable, these accounts are unfortunately open to criticism, in terms of both factual description and interpretation. De Graft Johnson's article is not adequate because it omitted some important features of the asafo, not likely to have been incorporated into the system after the author had collected his material. It also lacked balance through over-reliance on information collected from Cape Coast which, according to the author, provided a good model of the asafo (De Graft Johnson, op. cit., p. 307). While it failed to take note of several notable features of the asafo in inland states, it also neglected to underline some important details of the asafo which are observable even in Cape Coast. Christensen, on the other hand, collected his material from three Fante states, Abura, Anomabu, and Esiam, and his treatment of the asafo is, therefore, much more thorough. But he, as will be made clear presently, did not touch upon some salient aspects of the Fante asafo.

Social Systems of Africa

Africa ◽  
1929 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Thurnwald
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
North African ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
The North ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Cattle Breeders ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphThe camel-herding peoples described in our last article differ considerably from the cattle-breeding tribes now to be discussed. Not only do the pastoralists mentioned in Section V accord to the camel the leading position as their standard of value, the ass, sheep, and goat being only of secondary importance, but they are also different in race. Like all herdsmen they have a strong pride of ancestry, which has led to internal gradations of rank, crossed by considerations of wealth. The North African Berber tribes are, however, Mohammedans, and therefore the whole structure of their civilization is different from that of the mainly ‘heathen’ cattle-breeders to be considered below. Their great natural gifts and their connexion with Islam set them apart from most of the remaining inhabitants of Africa ; on the other hand conditions of existence in desert and steppe, combined with specialization in pastoral life, have prevented their uniting to form large states or similar organizations.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DE CULTIVARES DE MILHO PARA PRODUÇÃO DE SILAGEM DE ALTA QUALIDADE

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. SOUZA ◽  
J. S. FLEMMING ◽  
R. FLEMMING ◽  
N.S. PASTORE ◽  
L. BENINCÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Other Hand

Na safra 97/98, no campo experimental da UFPR em Palotina - PR, foi realizado um ensaio a campo com o objetivo de observar o desempenho de 12 cultivares de milho (Zea mays L.), utilizadas para ensilagem. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: porcentagem de proteína bruta (PB), de fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e de nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT). Também foram estimados os valores da ingestão de matéria seca (IMS), da digestibilidade da matéria seca (DMS) e do valor relativo nutricional (VRN). Os resultados não mostraram diferenças significativas (p>0,05) entre cultivares, quanto aos parâmetros: porcentagem de proteína bruta (PB), de fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) e de digestibilidade da matéria seca (DMS). Nos outros parâmetros observou-se diferenças significativas (p0.05) were found between the cultivars in regard to crude protein, acid detergent fiber and dry matter digestibility. On the other hand, significant differences (P

Legacies of the Past? The Results of the 1980 Election in Midlands Province, Zimbabwe

Africa ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Rich
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
National Council ◽  
Short Term ◽  
National Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Midlands Province ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphWestern journalists and other commentators offered two contrasting explanations for the results of the 1980 elections in Zimbabwe. The defeat of Bishop Abel Muzorewa's United African National Council (UANC) by the guerrilla parties was explained in terms of immediate and short-term intimidation. On the other hand, the victory of Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe African National Union (Patriotic Front) (ZANU(PF)) over Joshua Nkomo's Patriotic Front was explained in terms of primordial history. The Shona and the Ndebele, it was held, were divided by 'traditional' tribal history–and in the elections the majority Shona voted for Mugabe and the minority Ndebele voted for Nkomo.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document