Postmortem Findings of Ostriches Submitted to the Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mac Terzich ◽  
Stanley Vanhooser
Keyword(s):  
Animal Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory

Prevalence of Fecal Salmonella Shedding by Cull Dairy Cattle Marketed in Washington State

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. GAY ◽  
DANIEL H. RICE ◽  
JACOB H. STEIGER
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
Selective Enrichment ◽  
Salmonella Dublin ◽  
Rectal Swabs

On nine occasions over a 1-year period, cull dairy cattle (n = 1,289) at four saleyards and one abattoir in Washington State were surveyed for salmonellae shedding by bacterial culture of duplicate rectal swabs, 251 single fecal samples and duplicate rectal swabs, and 225 mesenteric lymph node and duplicate rectal swabs. Using parallel selective enrichment and brilliant green media, salmonellae were isolated from six cattle, from rectal swabs only, and consisted of five isolates of Salmonella typhimurium and one of Salmonella dublin. In the two rectal swab- positive cattle for which mesenteric nodes were also sampled, 1-g samples of the nodes were negative. The rate of fecal shedding of cull dairy cattle marketed in Washington State as detected by this methodology is estimated to be 4.6 per 1,000 head (95% confidence interval of 1.9 to 10.6) and is expected to be no higher than 9.2 per 1,000 head if larger fecal samples were used. Based on antibiograms and plasmid profiles, none of the six isolates matched any of the 280 previously characterized isolates of the same serotypes obtained from human salmonellosis cases 2 years previously by the State health department. Four of the five S. typhimurium isolates matched three of 215 S. typhimurium isolates obtained from bovine submissions to the State's animal disease diagnostic laboratory and by a field animal disease investigation unit. The S. dublin isolate matched 17 of the 165 S. dublin isolates in those submissions. In this State, swab sampling of cull dairy cows at the point of first market concentration does not appear to be an efficient method of detecting salmonellae- infected dairy herds.

scholarly journals Microdilution Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Selected Gram-Negative Veterinary Bacterial Isolates

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Burrows ◽  
R. J. Morton ◽  
W. H. Fales
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Pasteurella Haemolytica ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Different Tissues

Gram-negative bacterial isolates (63 5) obtained from routine submissions to the Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory during 1983–1987 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for the following antimicrobials using commercially prepared microdilution assay materials: ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, oxytetracycline, penicillin G, spectinomycin, sulfachlorpyridazine, sulfadimethoxine, and tylosin. Results for isolates from cattle, dogs, horses, and pigs are presented. In only a few instances were differences in MICs apparent among bacterial isolates from different tissues. Aminocyclitol MICs for equine uterine isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae differed from MICs for isolates from other tissues, and ampicillin, kanamycin, and spectinomycin MICs for bovine fecal isolates of Escherichia coli differed from MICs for isolates obtained from other tissues. In several instances, bimodal distribution of susceptibilities was apparent for ampicillin, kanamycin, and/or oxytetracycline. There was also a bimodal distribution pattern for erythromycin against Pasteurella haemolytica of bovine origin.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Bovine Anaplasmosis in Oklahoma from 1977 to 1991

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Rodgers ◽  
R. D. Welsh ◽  
M. E. Stebbins
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Bovine Anaplasmosis

The prevalence of anaplasmosis in Oklahoma cattle was determined on the basis of the standardized Anaplasma marginale complement fixation test on 20,155 sera submitted to the Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory during a 15-year period. Rates of seropositivity ranged from 4.7% to 17.6% on samples submitted for anaplasmosis testing of adult cows. The geographic distribution of recorded cases of anaplasmosis was 35 Oklahoma counties in 1977 and 48 Oklahoma counties in 1991.

scholarly journals Streptococclcs Suis Infection in Swine: A Retrospective Study of 256 Cases. Part II. Clinical Signs, Gross and Microscopic Lesions, and Coexisting Microorganisms

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Y. Reams ◽  
Lawrence T. Glickman ◽  
Daniel D. Harrington ◽  
H. Leon Thacker ◽  
Terry L. Bowersock
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Gross Lesions

A retrospective study of 256 cases of naturally acquired Streptococcus suis infections in swine submitted to the Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory from 1985 to 1989 was undertaken to describe the clinical signs, lesions, and coexisting organisms associated with S. suis serotypes 1–8 and 1/2. Infected pigs generally had clinical signs and gross lesions referable to either the respiratory system or to the central nervous system (CNS), but not both. Neurologic signs were inversely related to gross lesions in the respiratory tract ( R2 = −0.19, P = 0.003), as were respiratory signs and gross lesions in the CNS ( R2 = −0.19, P = 0.003). Suppurative bronchopneumonia was the most common gross lesion observed (55.2%, overall). Fibrinous and/or suppurative pleuritis, epicarditis, pericarditis, arthritis, peritonitis, and polyserositis were also reported. In 68% of the pigs, other bacteria in addition to S. suis were isolated. Escherichia coli (35.0%) and Pasteurella multocida (30.0%) were the most commonly recovered bacterial agents. Mycoplasma and viral agents were identified less often, and their role in the development of streptococcosis was difficult to assess. In pigs infected with serotypes 2–5, 7, 8, and 1/2, suppurative meningitis with suppurative or nonsuppurative encephalitis, suppurative bronchopneumonia, fibrinopurulent epicarditis, multifocal myocarditis, and cardiac vasculitis were the most common microscopic lesions observed, whereas pigs infected with serotype 1 generally presented with suppurative meningitis and interstitial pneumonia. Microscopic lesions were morphologically similar among serotypes and were also similar to those reported with other pyogenic bacteria. The distribution of clinical signs and the gross and microscopic lesions in pigs infected with S. suis varied among serotypes. However, these differences were not statistically significant and could not be used to distinguish between the various serotypes. These findings suggest that in pigs infected with S. suis, suppurative or fibrinopurulent inflammation in brain, heart, lungs, and serosae predominates and that bacterial culture is needed to confirm a diagnosis of streptococcosis in swine and to differentiate this disease from those caused by other pyogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Chronic copper toxicosis in a crossbred heifer calf

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Wong ◽  
Christina R. Wilson-Frank ◽  
Stephen B. Hooser ◽  
Grant N. Burcham
Keyword(s):  
Animal Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Copper Toxicosis ◽  
Hepatocellular Necrosis ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Heifer Calf ◽  
Feed Samples

An 8-mo-old, crossbred, heifer calf was presented to the Heeke Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory with a history of ataxia and altered mentation. Grossly, the liver was diffusely yellow-orange, turgid, and exuded watery, thin blood on cut section. The cortex and medulla in both kidneys were diffusely and markedly dark brown to black. The urinary bladder was filled with dark red urine. Histologically, centrilobular hepatocellular degeneration was observed, but these sections lacked necrosis. In the kidney, numerous cortical tubules contained intraluminal bright eosinophilic fluid and red-orange granular casts that stained positive for hemoglobin with the Dunn–Thompson method. The gross and histologic lesions supported a high level of suspicion for copper toxicosis. Feed and water samples from the farm were submitted for mineral analysis. The copper concentration in the feed was 118 mg/kg, and the molybdenum concentration was 0.9 mg/kg. Chronic copper toxicosis is rarely reported in cattle. The gross lesions in our case are a departure from, although similar to, previously reported cases, including lack of histologic hepatocellular necrosis. Collectively, gross and histologic lesions were compatible with copper toxicosis in this calf, and copper concentrations in the feed samples suggest a feed-mixing error.

scholarly journals Bacterial Agents Detected in a Lo-Year Study of Bovine Abortions and Stillbirths

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde A. Kirkbride
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Leptospira Interrogans ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
The South ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Bovine Abortion ◽  
Actinomyces Pyogenes

In a lo-year survey started in 1980, specimens from 8,995 bovine abortions and stillbirths were submitted to the South Dakota Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory. Of these, 8,962 were suitable for some type of examination. Bacteria were determined to be the cause of 1,299 (14.49%). The 5 bacteria most commonly associated with bovine abortion or stillbirth were Actinomyces pyogenes, 378 (4.22%); Bacillus spp., 321 (3.58%); Listeria spp., 121 (1.35%); Escherichia coli, 98 (1.09%); and Leptospira interrogans, 79 (0.88%). Twelve other genera of bacteria were associated with ≤ 10 abortions or stillbirths, and 12 more species were associated with ≥ 10 abortions or stillbirths.

scholarly journals Etiologic Agents Detected in a 10-Year Study of Bovine Abortions and Stillbirths

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde A. Kirkbride
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Made In ◽  
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus

During a 10-year period, specimens from 8,995 bovine abortions were submitted to the South Dakota Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory; 8,962 of these specimens were suitable for examination. A supportable diagnosis was made in 2,942 (32.82%) of the abortions examined. An infectious cause was determined for 2,723 (30.38%) and a noninfectious cause for 219 (2.44%). Bacteria caused 1,299 (14.49%), viruses caused 948 (10.57%) and fungi caused 476 (5.3 1%). The infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus was associated with 485 (5.41%) and the bovine viral diarrhea virus with 407 (4.54%). The most common noninfectious causes of abortion or stillbirth were anomalous development, 112 (1.25%); dystocia, 56 (0.62%); and twinning, 37 (0.4 1%). The cause of 6,020 (67.17%) abortions was not determined. Lesions, many suggesting the presence of infection, were present in 1,554 (17.34%) fetuses or placentas in which no infectious agent could be demonstrated.

scholarly journals Nonhematopoietic Gastrointestinal Neoplasia in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 44 Cases

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 614-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. M. Turk ◽  
A. M. Gallina ◽  
T. S. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ◽  
Tubular Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors ◽  
Chondroid Metaplasia

Gastrointestinal neoplasms other than lymphosarcomas and mast cell tumors were diagnosed in 44 cats during a 14-year period at the Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory. All the tumors were malignant; 31 metastasized or recurred. One cat had fibrosarcoma; another, leiomyosarcoma. The other 42 cats had adenocarcinomas, which were subclassified into three histologic patterns: tubular adenocarcinoma; undifferentiated carcinoma; and mucinous adenocarcinoma. The cats averaged 10.6 years of age. There was no sex predisposition. Siamese cats had a higher frequency of adenocarcinomas than other breeds. Osseous and chondroid metaplasia occurred in nine adenocarcinomas.

scholarly journals Diagnoses in 1,784 Ovine Abortions and Stillbirths

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde A. Kirkbride
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
The South ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Made In

Of 1,799 accessions of ovine abortions and stillbirths by the South Dakota Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory during a IO-year period, 1,784 were suitable for examination. Etiologic diagnoses were made in 786 (44%). Infectious agents were found responsible in 702 accessions (39%), and noninfectious causes were involved in 84 (5%). No diagnosis was made in 998 accessions (56%), 61 of which were mummified fetuses. Lesions, most of which indicated the presence of an infectious agent, were found in 274 cases (15%) in which no agent could be identified. Together, Toxoplasma gondii, Campylobacter sp., and Chlamydia psittaci caused −25% of all abortions and stillbirths examined.

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