The Brazilian Congressional Elections

1963 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Young
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Congressional Elections ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Regional Approach ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Positive Indicators ◽  
Better Than

Emerging from the voting pattern of the Brazilian congressional elections of October 7, 1962, is a reassuring pattern of political growth and responsible participation by the Brazilian electorate.Congressional elections demand a regional approach. North Americans perhaps understand this better than most people. A great deal of caution is used before establishing a national trend of events in the United States by using, for example, the Arkansas returns. Similarly, to claim that New York speaks for the nation is dangerous.The same caution should also be used in Brazil. The tight race for the governorship of Pernambuco tells the story of almost equally-balanced forces in that state. The Sao Paulo returns may provide some positive indicators of the 1965 presidential race. Rio Grande do Sul demonstrated the basically-conservative nature of the electorate in that area. In contrast, the state returns in Guanabara seem to present an example of complete political irresponsibility and immaturity.

ANTHONY TROLLOPE ON THE SUPERIORITY OF AMERICAN FREE SCHOOLS COMPARED TO THOSE IN ENGLAND (1862)

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-571
Author(s):  
T. E. C.
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
The United States ◽  
Anthony Trollope ◽  
The People ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

Anthony Trollope (1815-1882) followed most of his English predecessors who wrote about their American travels in attributing the chief glory of our country to our provision for universal free education. He wrote1: The one thing in which, as far as my judgment goes, the people of the United States have excelled us Englishmen, so as to justify them in taking to themselves praise which we cannot take to ourselves or refuse to them, is the matter of education; and unrivalled population, wealth, and inteffigence have been the results; and with these, looking at the whole masses of the people, I think I am justified in saying, unrivalled comfort and happiness. It is not that you, my reader, to whom, in this matter of education, fortune and your parents have probably been bountiful, would have been more happy in New York than in London. It is not that I, who, at any rate, can read and write, have cause to wish that I had been an American. But it is this: if you and I can count up in a day all those on whom our eyes may rest, and learn the circumstances of their lives, we shall be driven to conclude that nine tenths of that number would have had a better life as Americans than they can have in their spheres as Englishmen. If a man can forget his own miseries in his journeyings, and think of the people he comes to see rather than of himself, I think he will find himself driven to admit that education has made life for the million in the Northern States better than life for the million is with us.

scholarly journals Comentários ao REsp 1.202.918 – SP: Devem os Créditos Cedidos Fiduciariamente se Submeter aos Efeitos da Recuperação Judicial do Devedor-Fiduciante?

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ochsendorf Portugal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Issue ◽  
Bankruptcy Law ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
The Subject

COMENTÁRIOS AO RESP 1.202.918 – SP: DEVEM OS CRÉDITOS CEDIDOS FIDUCIARIAMENTE SE SUBMETER AOS EFEITOS DA RECUPERAÇÃO JUDICIAL DO DEVEDOR-FIDUCIANTE? OBSERVATIONS ON “RESP 1.202.918 – SP”: SHOULD THE FIDUCIARY ASSIGNMENT OF RIGHTS ON MOVABLE ASSETS BE SUBJECTED TO THE EFFECTS OF THE JUDICIAL RESTRUCTURING OF A DEBTOR’S OBLIGATIONS? Daniel Ochsendorf Portugal* RESUMO: Trata-se de análise da cessão fiduciária de créditos face à recuperação judicial do devedor-fiduciante. São abordadas duas questões essenciais em separado: (i) Devem os créditos cedidos fiduciariamente se submeter à recuperação judicial do devedor fiduciante? (ii) Qual seria a melhor alternativa do ponto de vista social? Examina-se, então, acórdão do Superior Tribunal de Justiça que enfrentou estas duas questões a fim de comparar a teoria com a prática e verificar quais seriam os argumentos utilizados pela jurisprudência na análise destes problemas. O artigo investiga, ademais, problema jurídico semelhante que ocorre nos Estados Unidos relativo a derivative contracts. Isto permitirá melhor elucidar os aspectos econômicos do objeto deste artigo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: REsp 1.202.918 – SP. Cessão Fiduciária de Créditos. Alienação Fiduciária em Garantia. Recuperação Judicial. Direito Concursal Americano. Oportunismo. ABSTRACT: This paper is about the fiduciary assignment of movable rights in view of the judicial reorganization of a debtor’s obligations. There are two main questions that shall be examined: (i) Should the fiduciary assignment of rights on movable assets and of credit instruments be subject to the judicial restructuring of a debtor’s obligations? (ii) Which alternative would generate the best results for society? This paper then examines a decision of the Superior Court of Justice that discussed these two questions in order to compare theoretical aspects with practical aspects and to see which arguments were used by the judges when exploring these problems. Furthermore, this paper examines a similar legal issue that is discussed in the United States and that is relative to derivative contracts. This should help to clarify some of the economic aspects of the subject of this paper. KEYWORDS: REsp 1.202.918 – SP. Fiduciary Assignment of Rights on Movable Assets. Fiduciary Liens. Judicial Reorganization.; American Bankruptcy Law. Opportunism. SUMÁRIO: Introdução. 1. Conceito de cessão fiduciária de créditos. 2. Deve a cessão fiduciária de créditos sujeitar-se aos efeitos da recuperação judicial do devedor-fiduciante? 3. Direito concursal americano e “oportunismo”. 4. Comentários ao julgamento do Resp 1.202.918 – SP. 4.1. Quadro atual da jurisprudência brasileira acerca da cessão fiduciária de créditos e a recuperação judicial do devedor-fiduciante. 4.2. Síntese do julgamento do Resp 1.202.918 – SP. 4.3. Análise do julgamento do Resp 1.202.918 – SP. Conclusão. Referências.* Mestrando pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.

On the Viability of Small Countries

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kirby
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Small Countries

The argument advanced by Bordaberry … by the United States and Brazilian embassies, and by the cattle and meat interests, is that Uruguay does not have a viable independent economy. It is smaller, on most terms of reference, than the southernmost state of Brazil–Rio Grande do Sul–and would, they say, be far better off if its economy were “rationalized” and integrated with the more “modern” large-scale Brazilian economy.Latin America, Vol. VIII, No. 31, August 3 ,1973Leaving aside the obvious self-interest of the various proponents (although one is tempted to speculate whether President Bordaberry argues on behalf of his country or his own ranching interests), their conclusion follows logically on much of the analysis which has focused on the causes of Uruguay's stagnation. Since the mid-1950s, the growth of the economy has barely kept pace with the small population increase of 1.2 percent per annum.

scholarly journals First Report of Blackleg Disease Caused by Leptosphaeria maculans on Canola in Brazil

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. D. Fernando ◽  
P. S. Parks ◽  
G. Tomm ◽  
L. V. Viau ◽  
C. Jurke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Blackleg Disease ◽  
First Report ◽  
Testing Procedures

Canola (Brassica napus L.) is a relatively new crop in Brazil, having been grown there for approximately 8 years. In 2000, leaf lesions and stem cankers were observed in cvs. Hyola 420 and Hyola 401 in farmers' fields in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Cankered stems were received at the University of Manitoba, Canada, from Rio Grande do Sul for disease identification. Small pieces of the stem were cut from the cankered area, and standard protocol was followed to surface sterilize the stem pieces. Stem pieces were plated on V8 agar medium and incubated under light for 12 days. Typical fungal colonies with concentric rings containing pycnidia formed on the V8 agar. The colony characteristics were typical of the blackleg pathogen, Leptosphaeria maculans (Desmaz.) Ces. & De Not. (anamorph = Phoma lingam) (Tode:Fr.) Desmaz.). Blackleg is an economically important and serious disease in many parts of the world including Australia, Canada, the United States, and Europe. L. maculans strains can be characterized in four pathogenicity groups (PG1 through PG4) based on differential testing procedures giving interaction phenotype (IP) reactions (2). Two weeks after plating on V8 media, plates were flooded with sterile distilled water, and pycnidiospores were harvested. Flats of multipots filled with Metro Mix were seeded with three cultivars (Westar, Glacier, and Quinta). One-week-old cotyledons from the three cultivars were inoculated with pycnidiospore suspensions (2 × 107 pycnidiospores per ml) of seven Brazilian isolates, numbered 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, 16, and 18, respectively. Each cotyledon leaf, punctured in the center with a needle, was inoculated with a 10-μl droplet of the inoculum. Disease evaluations were made 11 days after inoculation using a 0 to 9 rating scale (1). This screening was repeated three times from February 2001 to October 2001. After the second repeat, the isolates from Rio Grande do Sul were passed through the highly susceptible canola cv. Westar. Results from all four trials were consistent, and yielded one PG1 isolate (No. 7) and six PG3 isolates. PG1 is classified as a nonaggressive strain, whereas PG3 isolates are classified as aggressive. PG3 isolates would have an IP reaction of 7 to 9, 7 to 9, and 3 to 6 on cvs. Westar, Glacier, and Quinta, respectively. PG2 is the most commonly found aggressive strain in the Canadian prairies. PG3 is predominantly found in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. To our knowledge, this is the first report of blackleg disease caused by L. maculans on canola in Brazil. Differential testing fulfilled Koch's postulates and determined the PG groups found in Brazil (PG1 and PG3). References: (1) P. A. Delwiche. Genetic aspects of blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) resistance in rapeseed (Brassica napus) Ph.D. thesis. University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1980. (2) A. Mengistu et al. Plant Dis. 75:1279, 1991.

scholarly journals Anatomia da madeira de Celtis pallida Torrey (Ulmaceae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (15) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori ◽  
Andréia De Magalhães Freitas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
Celtis Pallida ◽  
Botanical Description

The wood anatomy of Celtis pallida Torrey (Ulmaceae) is described. The plant is a small woody shrub, native in the United States and from central Argentina to Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). The anatomical structure is similar with that reported in the literature for Ulmaceae family, the genus Celtis and the species itself, described before upon american samples. The anatomical structure is analysed on a taxonomic and phylogenetic base. A botanical description of the species is also provided due to its rarity in Brazil.

The “Japanese Turn” in Fine Dining in the United States, 1980–2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Samuel H. Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
San Francisco Bay Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Further Training ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Wide Acceptance

In the 1970s, Japanese cooks began to appear in the kitchens of nouvelle cuisine chefs in France for further training, with scores more arriving in the next decades. Paul Bocuse, Alain Chapel, Joël Robuchon, and other leading French chefs started visiting Japan to teach, cook, and sample Japanese cuisine, and ten of them eventually opened restaurants there. In the 1980s and 1990s, these chefs' frequent visits to Japan and the steady flow of Japanese stagiaires to French restaurants in Europe and the United States encouraged a series of changes that I am calling the “Japanese turn,” which found chefs at fine-dining establishments in Los Angeles, New York City, and later the San Francisco Bay Area using an ever-widening array of Japanese ingredients, employing Japanese culinary techniques, and adding Japanese dishes to their menus. By the second decade of the twenty-first century, the wide acceptance of not only Japanese ingredients and techniques but also concepts like umami (savory tastiness) and shun (seasonality) suggest that Japanese cuisine is now well known to many American chefs.

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