The Position of Ipiutak in Eskimo Culture

The reason for the following is an article by Henry B. Collins: “Radiocarbon Dating in the Arctic” which appeared in the January, 1953 issue of American Antiquity. This is the third article in four years in which Collins comments on the interpretation of the Ipiutak culture advanced by Froelich Rainey and me in our publications on the excavations at Point Hope, Alaska, 1939-41 (Larsen and Rainey, 1948). Although critical regarding certain points in our theory on the development of Eskimo culture, his comments in the first two articles are on the whole objective and justifiable (Collins 1950a and 1951). His latest article, however, is written in a surprisingly sharp, polemic form which is entirely unprovoked and it contains statements which disclose that he has misunderstood certain important points in the Ipiutak report and misinterprets archaeological evidence. My aim is not to begin a polemic because experience shows that polemics are merely a waste of valuable time and print; they often foster ill feelings and seldom give positive results.

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The present and future competence of the European Union in the Arctic

Polar Record ◽

10.1017/s0032247411000295 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 361-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Timo Koivurova ◽

Kai Kokko ◽

Sebastien Duyck ◽

Nikolas Sellheim ◽

Adam Stepien

Keyword(s):

International Negotiations ◽

The Arctic ◽

The European Union ◽

Crucial Importance ◽

Arctic Council ◽

The Third ◽

Broad Array ◽

The Subject ◽

Arctic Policy ◽

The Eu

ABSTRACTThe European Union's (EU's) intention of becoming a permanent observer in the Arctic Council and the reluctance of Arctic actors to grant it that status have made the union's aspirations in the Arctic the subject of a continuing debate. The discussion appears to be dominated by geographical considerations and the EU's gradually emerging Arctic policy. This article puts forward a different view of the EU's presence in the region, one drawing on an analysis of relevant EU competences. As a complex international actor, the EU has acquired a broad array of decision-making powers from its member states, powers that partly extend to Iceland and Norway via the EEA Agreement. Moreover, the EU has in many cases become a relevant actor in international negotiations and treaty making processes the outcomes of which are of crucial importance for the governance of the Arctic. Our argument in the third and concluding section is that only by including the EU in Arctic governance can the international community provide better prospects for the union to sensitise its policies and discourses to the Arctic realities and for other Arctic actors to understand how the union functions. This argument is supported by an analysis of the EU's restrictions on the import of seal products and the ensuing litigation.

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Nitrate and nitrite poisoning in sheep and goats caused by ingestion of Portulaca oleracea

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5550 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (8) ◽

pp. 1549-1553

Author(s):

João G. Simões ◽

Rosane Maria T. Medeiros ◽

Márcia A. Medeiros ◽

Robério G. Olinda ◽

Antônio Flávio M. Dantas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Body Weight ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Portulaca Oleracea ◽

Sheep And Goats ◽

Ruminal Ph ◽

The Third ◽

Mucous Membranes ◽

Nitrate And Nitrite ◽

Positive Results

ABSTRACT: Three outbreaks of poisoning by Portulaca oleracea were reported in sheep and goats in Northeast Brazil. In the first outbreak, 8 out of 20 sheep were affected and later died. In the second outbreak, three goats and one sheep died out of a flock of 30 animals that included both species. In the third outbreak, two out of 19 sheep were affected, and they recovered after a treatment of 2% methylene blue at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight. In the first and second outbreaks, the animals ingested P. oleracea after it was cut and offered in feeders. In the third outbreak, the flock was grazing in an area that had been invaded by the plant. To determine the toxicity, P. oleracea was administered experimentally at a dose of 80g/kg of body weight to seven sheep, weighing 19-30 kg. One control sheep received green grass. One to four hours after P. oleracea ingestion, the animals showed clinical signs of poisoning characterized by cyanotic mucous membranes, bloat, ruminal pH of 8-9, pollakiuria, aerophagia, involuntary movements of the upper lip, apathy, tachypnea and tachycardia. Five animals recovered, including one that was treated with 1% methylene blue, and two animals died. During necropsy, the mucous membranes were brownish, and the blood was dark brown. Diphenylamine tests of the plant and of rumen contents were positive for nitrates. Positive results for nitrates were also found in 24 samples of P. oleracea that were collected in different places in the states of Pernambuco and Paraíba. We conclude that P. oleracea accumulates nitrates at toxic levels and may cause poisoning in sheep and goats.

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Los mártires de Libisosa: origen, transformación y pervivencia de una tradición hagiográfica

Antigüedad y Cristianismo ◽

10.6018/ayc.457171 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 45-62

Author(s):

José Antonio Molina Gómez ◽

Héctor Uroz Rodríguez ◽

José Ángel Munera Martínez

Keyword(s):

Third Century ◽

Archaeological Evidence ◽

The Third ◽

Local Tradition ◽

History Of ◽

Local Traditions

En el presente artículo los autores estudian las tradiciones hagiográficas sobre los mártires del siglo III Vicente y Leto, quienes murieron en Libisosa (Lezuza, Albacete). El estudio se centra en la relación entre tradiciones martirológicas, la evidencia arqueológica y las tradiciones locales. Escritores modernos como Higuera y Requena podrían haber usado fuentes antiguas para (re)escribir la historia de Vicente y Leto. De acuerdo con la tradición local ambos fueron ejecutados en un lugar llamado hoy en día Vallejo de los Santos, en las inmediaciones de Lezuza, donde habría sido levantado un templo para rendirles culto. In the following article, the authors study the hagiographic tradition of the Third Century Christian Martyrs Vicente and Leto, both of which died in Libisosa (Lezuza, Albacete). Said study shall focus upon the link between the matyrological tradition, archaeological evidence and local traditions. Modern writers such as Higuera or Requena may well have employed these ancient sources while (re)writing the history of Vicente and Leto. According to local tradition, both were executed in a place now called Vallejo de los Santos, in the outskirts of Lezuza, where a temple would have been built for their worship.

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CERAMIC ASSEMBLAGES OF THE THIRD QUARTER OF THE 15th CENTURY FROM THE FUNA CASTLE: UTENSILS OF THE «GARRISON KITCHEN»

Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine ◽

10.37445/adiu.2020.01.04 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 31-67

Author(s):

I. B. Teslenko

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Historical Events ◽

Archaeological Evidence ◽

The Third ◽

15Th Century ◽

The Crimea ◽

Three Stages ◽

Last Stage ◽

Ceramic Assemblages

The Funa fortress is located in southern Crimea and is one of the reference architectural and archaeological complexes of the Northern Pontic Region with precise date of existence. The fortress was built by Mangup authorities near 1423 on the border with possessions of Genoese and was destroyed in a fire during the Turkish invasion of the Crimea in 1475. The detailed chronology of the site which includes three stages of its construction history — 1423, 1425—1450s and 1459—1475, has been developed so far. So it becomes possible to clarify the dating of ceramic finds in line with these periods also. Ceramic assemblages of the last stage from the layers of fire and destruction of 1475 are the most representative. There is the complex from courtyard 1 among them. The ceramic collection includes 101 and 163 fully or partially reconstructed vessels respectively. There are large and average household containers, various kitchen utensils and tableware, both of the local Crimean production and import (Miletus Ware, Spanish Luster and Blue and White Ware, Fritware). The comparative analysis of artefacts made it possible to establish the chronological changes in ceramic assemblages during 25 years. Moreover, statistical and typological studies of the pottery from the layer of fire demonstrated a set of vessels there is suitable for cooking and table setting for at least 40 people. Large number of luxury tableware for diverse using and their location in the context allow suggest that there was a large feast on the platform above the «kitchen», and the remains of this banquet were not removed. According to the archaeological evidence as well as analysis of historical events the inhabitants of the fortress could burn it themselves before Turkish invasion and retreat to the capital of the principality at Mangup. Perhaps the remains of a farewell feast arranged just before leaving was fixed archaeologically.

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Arktisk råds rolle i polarpolitikken

Nordlit ◽

10.7557/13.2314 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 205 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Torbjørn Pedersen

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Arctic Ocean ◽

The United States ◽

The Arctic ◽

Arctic Council ◽

The Third ◽

The Arctic Ocean ◽

Foreign Policies

This article discusses what role(s) member governments want the Arctic Council to have in Arctic affairs. It compares the foreign policies of the five littoral states of the Arctic Ocean: Canada, Denmark, Norway, Russia, and the United States. It identifies and examines three determining debates on a ministerial level over the Arctic Council and the issues it might address: The first debate preceded the Arctic Council's creation in 1996; the second thrived as the five Arctic littoral states convened in Ilulissat, Greenland in 2008; and the third followed a political shift inthe United States in 2009.

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Trans-Arctic Interactions and Cross-Country Collaboration

Handbook of Research on International Collaboration, Economic Development, and Sustainability in the Arctic - Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-6954-1.ch003 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 55-78

Author(s):

Bistra Vassileva

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Literature Review ◽

Future Development ◽

Data Exchange ◽

The Arctic ◽

The Third ◽

Arctic State ◽

Globalized World ◽

Intensive Development

The Arctic gains an increasing geopolitical importance in the globalized world. The region provides a lot of opportunities especially due to the global warming and intensive development of digital technology but at the same time, it poses extreme challenges. The chapter starts with a literature review on interactions, relationships, networks and their implications on trans-Arctic collaborations. The first section begins by exploring how each Arctic state deals with the opportunities and challenges of the region. The second section describes the evolution of trans-Arctic relations. In the third section, market connections between the Arctic states, the importance of establishing a predictable regulatory framework, knowledge and data exchange, broadband penetration, and use of traditional indigenous knowledge to stimulate sustainable long-term trans-Arctic interactions are analyzed. The chapter ends with conclusions and recommendations aimed at the future development of trans-Arctic interactions with a focus on global intervention policies and strategies in the region.

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3. Egypt’s Influence on Boiotia and the Peloponnese in the Third Millennium, II: The Archaeological Evidence

Black Athena ◽

10.36019/9781978807198-008 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 151-188

Keyword(s):

Archaeological Evidence ◽

The Third ◽

Third Millennium

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Collaborative Studies on the Salmonella/Microsome Mutagenicity Assay

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/62.4.874 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 874-882

Author(s):

Virginia C Dunkel

Keyword(s):

Collaborative Study ◽

Metabolic Activation ◽

Plate Test ◽

The Third ◽

Collaborative Studies ◽

Mutagenicity Assay ◽

B6c3f1 Mice ◽

Fischer Rats ◽

Interlaboratory Reproducibility ◽

Positive Results

Abstract Although the Salmonella/plate test has been used extensively, a collaborative study was undertaken to determine the interlaboratory reproducibility of this microbial mutagenicity assay. Four laboratories participating in the study have completed testing, under code, of 61 carcinogens and noncarcinogens. All chemicals were tested both with and without metabolic activation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, 1537, 1538, 98, and 100. The metabolic activation systems used were derived from the livers of both uninduced and Aroclor 1254-induced Fischer rats, B6C3F1 mice, and Syrian hamsters. Analysis of the results on 23 of the chemicals tested in 3 of the participating laboratories showed that 8 were negative when tested in all laboratories and 13 were positive. Two chemicals gave positive results in 2 laboratories; the same 2 chemicals were negative when tested in the third laboratory.

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Freiberg Radiocarbon Measurements I

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200036201 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 40-45

Author(s):

Wolfgang Burkhardt ◽

Hajo Stechemesser ◽

Dietrich Mania

Keyword(s):

Radiocarbon Dating ◽

Radiocarbon Dates ◽

The Third ◽

Age Determinations

This list reports the first age determinations carried out by the Freiberg Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory. The preparation of samples and radiocarbon dates were done by the first two authors, who constructed the apparatus; sample descriptions and interpretations of dates were made by the third author.

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