scholarly journals Unceasing Animosities and the Public Tranquility: Political Market Failure and the Scope of the Commerce Power

2003 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 1331
Author(s):  
Adam Badawi
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Market

Criticality, Empathy and Welfare in Educational Discourses

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
Post War

Criticality is the ability to question current theories and practices in any sector to make them more receptive to social realities. Empathy is the ability to identify with what someone else is thinking or feeling. Empathy forms the foundation for welfare state and its liberal social welfare programmes. The state-led development strategies during the post-war period stemmed from a belief in the idea of welfare state and in the redistribution of resources and opportunities in favour of the deprived groups. The market-led globalisation process has put brakes on the scope of welfare provisions even in democratic societies. The public-funded stimulus packages during the recent economic crisis helped save economies from market failure and reinforced the need for state intervention even for an efficient functioning of markets. Based on an analysis of global trends and Indian context, this paper argues for the need of the educational processes to develop criticality in thinking and empathy in action to help develop a support base for public policies benefiting the poor and the disadvantaged.

Should rangeland rehabilitation be paid for from the public purse?

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Lindner
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Existence Value ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Purse ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Do So

The issue addressed in this paper is the appropriate source of funding for rangeland rehabilitation. Two subsidmy questions are pertinent to this policy issue. Is it profitable for private managers of pastoral properties to rehabilitate rangeland? If not, then on what grounds might it be in the public interest to do so? Evidence is presented that it is privately profitable to rehabilitate slightly to moderately degraded range, by destocking during seasons when there are good prospects for seedlings to become established, but otherwise matching the stocking rate to feed availability. Conversely, it is unprofitable to rehabilitate severely degraded range unless the cost of reseeding is subsidized by at least $5/ha. The relevance of various market failure arguments to the case for public fun- of rangeland rehabilitation to the extent of $100million is discussed, and the need to estimate the existence value of rangelands vis a vis other conservation goals is identified.

Privatization and Public Regulation

Paradigm ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Simrit Kaur ◽  
S.P. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Regulation ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

In many developing and developed countries, privatization through transfer of ownership from public to the private hands is considered as a cure for most of the problems faced by the public sector enterprises (PSEs.) However, policy makers tend to forget that both the systems – private and public – are imperfect. If market failure necessitates the need for government intervention, then failures associated with the government require more market friendly policies. This implies that at any point of time both systems will coexist i.e. privatization will go hand in hand. The present article attempts to discuss the modalities of privatization options and public regulation adopted by India.

Market Failure or Governmental Failure? A Study of China's Water Abstraction Policies

2011 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 951-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Melanie Beresford ◽  
Guojun Song
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Local Level ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Water Management System ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
The Public ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
Institutional Dimension ◽  
Low Levels

AbstractChina's water abstraction policies are significant for illustrating the application of market-based instruments in a transitional and developing country and for shedding light on improving China's water management system. This article presents a new approach to analysing applications of market-based instruments for water resources in China. Expanding the analysis beyond a rational choice approach, it demonstrates the institutional dimension of policy implementation at the local level in China. Four peculiar features of China's water institutions influence local governments in dealing with water abstraction differently from how regulators might expect. This explains local governmental failures and the implementation of water abstraction policies in several ways, including the setting of charges at low levels, a lack of necessary monitoring and sanctions, few incentives to collect charges diligently, and failure to provide accessible information for the public.

The Theory of Government Failure

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Le Grand
Keyword(s):  
Public Choice ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Government Failure ◽  
The Public ◽  
Empirical Question

This article outlines a theory of government failure that parallels the more well-established theory of market failure. It builds on the work of the public choice school concerning the behaviour of governments under the assumption that all relevant agents pursue their selfinterest. It examines the theoretical consequences for efficiency and equity of three kinds of government activity: provision, subsidy and regulation. The conclusion is reached that all three may create inefficiency and inequity, but that the form and magnitude of the failure will differ with the type of activity; hence it is important that the three are distinguished. It is also emphasised that the extent of government failure in each case (and whether it is greater or smaller than the corresponding areas of market failure) is ultimately an empirical question, not a theoretical one.

Municipal Financing of the U.S. Fine Arts Museum: A Historical Rationale

1986 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Smolensky
Keyword(s):  
Marginal Cost ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Scattered Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Subsidy ◽  
Operational Test ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

Municipal involvement in the finance of fine arts museums raises the question: Just which market failure serves to rationalize this public subsidy? Two contenders are prominent in the literature: decreasing costs and education externalities. The relationship of price to marginal cost provides an operational test to distinguish among the two rationales. Scattered data from the 1880s and 1890s as well as contemporary discussion indicate that, implausible as it may seem now, education externalities constituted the operational justification for the public subsidy.

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