A Model of Retroactive Tone-Center Perception

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Leman
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Pitch Perception ◽  
The Self ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Auditory Model ◽  
Virtual Pitch ◽  
Musical Signals

In this paper, a model for tone-center perception is developed. It is based on an auditory model and principles of schema dynamics such as self-organization and association. The auditory module simulates virtual-pitch perception by transforming musical signals into auditory images. The schema- based module involves data-driven long-term learning for the self-organization of a schema for tone-center perception. The focus of this paper is on a retroactive process (called perceptual interpretation) by which the sense of tone center is adjusted according to a reconsideration of preceding perceptions in view of new contextual evidence within the schema. To this purpose, a metaphor is introduced, in which perceptual interpretation is described as the movement of a snaillike object in an attractor space. Additionally, the mathematical details of the model are presented, and the results of computer simulations are discussed.

scholarly journals Modeling of economic security of the enterprise at change of investment maintenance

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Bondarenko ◽  
Halyna Tkachuk ◽  
Iryna Klochan ◽  
Andrey Mokhnenko ◽  
Iryna Liganenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this study is formation of tools for forecasting the economic security of the enterprise by modeling methods when changing investment support. The relevance of this study is due to the need to solve the problem of modernization management system of the enterprise by implementing the project management of economic security of the enterprise in the implementation of investment programs.The variant of model offered economic security of the enterprise. This model involves the implementation of the process of adaptive management, based on the definition of safe limits of longterm growth of the enterprise. It has established that the ratio of self-organization processes and managerial influences depends on the value of the self-organization coefficient. The calculated value of adaptive potential on the basis of the indicator of self-organization as the dynamic indicator of maintenance of perspective growth of the enterprise on the allocated purposes has offered. This indicator can serve as a criterion for assessing the effectiveness of the management system of the enterprise in relation to the project management of economic security of the enterprise in the implementation of investment programs of key goals of long-term growth of the enterprise.

Urban Evolution, Self-Organization, and Decisionmaking

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
P M Allen ◽  
M Sanglier
Keyword(s):  
Central Place ◽  
Dissipative Structures ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Recent Application ◽  
Central Place System ◽  
Theoretical Evolution ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Modified Dynamics

A dynamical model of a central place system is described which, derived from the concepts underlying dissipative structures, takes into account the self-organizing aspects of urban evolution, and shows the importance both of chance and of determinism in such systems. A theoretical evolution is discussed together with the modified dynamics of different possible decisions showing the long-term consequences of these. A recent application of this new theory to the evolution of the Bastogne region of Belgium is briefly described, and conclusions are drawn as to the real difficulties involved in decisionmaking on the part of national, regional, and municipal authorities.

scholarly journals The Challenge of Educating Purposeful Teachers in Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Elina Kuusisto ◽  
Kirsi Tirri
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
21St Century ◽  
School Community ◽  
The Self ◽  
Moral Commitment ◽  
Mediating Factor

This article discusses the challenges of educating teachers in Finland. As a goal in teacher education for the 21st century we propose the purposeful teacher, referring to a teacher who has a long-term moral commitment to serve students, the school community and society. Our data collected from student (N = 912) and practising (N = 77) teachers yielded information on the purposes they identified as important in their lives. The survey included quantitative instruments and open- ended questions. The teachers identified happiness, relationships, work and self-actualisation as the most important contents of their aspirations. All the content categories could be understood as potential purposes in that the benefit extended beyond the teachers themselves. However, almost half of the student teachers (46%) and over half of teachers (55%) revealed only self-orientation. Less than half of them (43%, 36%, respectively) showed a beyond-the-self orientation, which is indicative of a purposeful teacher. Among the practising teachers, teaching appeared to be mainly a mediating factor in realising their purposes or aspirations. These results have implications related to contemporary teacher education in Finland. Both pre- and in-service teachers need to know about purposeful teaching in order to find meaning in their work.

scholarly journals Self-buffering capacity of a human sulfatase for central nervous system delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wen ◽  
Nazila Salamat-Miller ◽  
Keethkumar Jain ◽  
Katherine Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
The Self ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Formulation Design ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Therapeutic Enzymes ◽  
Intrathecal Space

AbstractDirect delivery of therapeutic enzymes to the Central Nervous System requires stringent formulation design. Not only should the formulation design consider the delicate balance of existing ions, proteins, and osmolality in the cerebrospinal fluid, it must also provide long term efficacy and stability for the enzyme. One fundamental approach to this predicament is designing formulations with no buffering species. In this study, we report a high concentration, saline-based formulation for a human sulfatase for its delivery into the intrathecal space. A high concentration formulation (≤ 40 mg/mL) was developed through a series of systematic studies that demonstrated the feasibility of a self-buffered formulation for this molecule. The self-buffering capacity phenomenon was found to be a product of both the protein itself and potentially the residual phosphates associated with the protein. To date, the self-buffered formulation for this molecule has been stable for up to 4 years when stored at 5 ± 3 °C, with no changes either in the pH values or other quality attributes of the molecule. The high concentration self-buffered protein formulation was also observed to be stable when exposed to multiple freeze–thaw cycles and was robust during in-use and agitation studies.

scholarly journals “Industrious Revolution” Revisited: A Variety of Diligence Derived from a Long-Term Local History of Kuta in Kyô-Otagi, a Former County in Japan

Histories ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
Satoshi Murayama ◽  
Hiroko Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Local History ◽  
The Self ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Original Theory ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
History Of

Jan de Vries revised Akira Hayami’s original theory of the “Industrious Revolution” to make the idea more applicable to early modern commercialization in Europe, showcasing the development of the rural proletariat and especially the consumer revolution and women’s emancipation on the way toward an “Industrial Revolution.” However, Japanese villages followed a different path from the Western trajectory of the “Industrious Revolution,” which is recognized as the first step to industrialization. This article will explore how a different form of “industriousness” developed in Japan, covering medieval, early modern, and modern times. It will first describe why the communal village system was established in Japan and how this unique institution, the self-reliance system of a village, affected commercialization and industrialization and was sustained until modern times. Then, the local history of Kuta Village in Kyô-Otagi, a former county located close to Kyoto, is considered over the long term, from medieval through modern times. Kuta was not directly affected by the siting of new industrial production bases and the changes brought to villages located nearer to Kyoto. A variety of diligent interactions with living spaces is introduced to demonstrate that the industriousness of local women was characterized by conscience-driven perseverance.

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