MITIGATING THE IMPACT OF FORCED DISPLACEMENT AND REFUGEE AND UNAUTHORIZED STATUS ON YOUTH:

2019 ◽  
pp. 186-206
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Yoshikawa ◽  
Alice J. Wuermli ◽  
J. Lawrence Aber
Keyword(s):  
Forced Displacement ◽  
The Impact

Forced displacement in Colombia: Magnitude and causes

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Ibanez
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Illegal Drugs ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Individual Basis ◽  
The Impact

The article describes the magnitude, geographical extent,  and causes of forced population displacements in Colombia. Forced migration in Colombia is a war strategy adopted by armed groups to strengthen territorial strongholds, weaken civilian support to the enemy, seize valuable lands, and produce and transport illegal drugs with ease. Forced displacement in Colombia today affects 3.5 million people. Equivalent to 7.8 percent of Colombia's population, and second worldwide only to Sudan, this shows the magnitude of the humanitarian crisis the country is facing. The phenomenon involves all of Colombia's territory and nearly 90 percent of the country's municipalities expel or receive population. In contrast to other countries, forced migration in Colombia is largely internal. Illegal armed groups are the main responsible parties, migration does not result in massive refugee streams but occurs on an individual basis, and the displaced population is dispersed throughout the territory and not focused in refugee camps. These characteristics pose unique challenges for crafting state policy that can effectively mitigate the impact of displacement.

The impact of forced displacement in World War II on mental health disorders and health-related quality of life in late life – a German population-based study

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Freitag ◽  
Elmar Braehler ◽  
Silke Schmidt ◽  
Heide Glaesmer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Health Related Qol ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground: Long-term effects of World War II experiences affect psychological and physical health in aged adults. Forced displacement as a traumatic event is associated with increased psychological burden even after several decades. This study investigates the contribution of forced displacement as a predictor for mental health disorders and adds the aspect of health-related quality of life (QoL).Method: A sample of 1,659 German older adults aged 60–85 years was drawn from a representative survey. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), somatoform symptoms, depressive syndromes, and health-related QoL were assessed as outcome variables. Chi-square and t-test statistics examined differences between displaced and non-displaced people. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the impact of forced displacement on mental health disorders and QoL.Results: Displaced people reported higher levels of PTSD, depressive and somatoform symptoms, and lower levels of health-related QoL. Displacement significantly predicted PTSD and somatoform symptoms in late life, but not depressive disorders. Health-related QoL was predicted by forced displacement and socio-demographic variables.Conclusion: Forced displacement is associated with an elevated risk for PTSD and somatoform symptoms and lowered health-related QoL in aged adults. Its unique impact declines after including socio-demographic variables. Long-term consequences of forced displacement need further investigations and should include positive aspects in terms of resilience and protective coping strategies.

Creating “them” and “us”

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Mary Tomsic ◽  
Claire Marika Deery
Keyword(s):  
Picture Books ◽  
English Language ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Teaching Resources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forced Movement

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how the contemporary “refugee crisis” is being presented to children through picture books and teaching materials. It uses the concept of refugeedom as an approach that takes into account the multiple facets involved in the forced movement of people in the past and present and seeks to show the value of historical understandings in educational contexts when framing resources for teachers and students. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines a sample of high-profile English language picture books about children’s stories of forced displacement and the most prominent freely available teaching materials connected to the books. A critical discursive analysis of the books and educative guides considers the ways in which ideas and information about forced displacement is framed for child readers and children in primary school classrooms. The context for the authors’ interest in exploring these books and educational resources is that in response to the numbers of children who are part of the current “refugee crisis” alongside a public call for the “crisis” to be explained to children. Findings The paper argues that picture books open up spaces for children to explore refugeedom through experiences of forced movement and various factors involved in the contemporary “refugee crisis”. In contrast, in the teaching resources and some peritextual materials, the child in the classroom is addressed as entirely disconnected from children who are forcibly displaced, students in classrooms are positioned to learn from the refugee “other”. When links are made between students in classroom and children who have been forcibly displaced it is through activities that position students in classrooms to imagine themselves as forcibly displaced, or to suggest they act within a humanitarian framework of welcoming or helping refugees. The authors believe that if teaching resources were more directly informed by discipline specific tools of historical concepts, more nuanced approaches to past and present histories of forced movement could be considered and from that more fruitful learning opportunities created for all students. Practical implications This research provides ideas about how materials to support the use of picture books in educational settings could be developed to promote historical thinking and contextualisation around key social and political issues in the world today. It also makes the case for historians to be involved in the creation of teaching materials in a collaborative way so that academic insights can be brought to teachers and students at all levels of education. Originality/value The value of this research is to understand how children are positioned in reading and learning about forced displacement and query the impact of decontextualised approaches to learning. It argues for the critical interpretative value that historical understanding can bring to present day issues which are history in the making.

scholarly journals Displacement-plurality (D-P) in women refugees, its influence on work engagement and implications for diversity practice: a critical and reflective review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Varuni Wimalasiri
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Women Refugees ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Related ◽  
The Impact

PurposeMuch of the current research on women refugees and work focuses solely on settlement, neglecting the effects of displacement within this equation, despite its significant impact. Drawing from the wider literature of international development, migration, gender, work psychology and sociology, this paper provides a framework to guide informed research within this area.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a reflective and critical review of the intersection between gender, forced displacement and work. It addresses a blind spot in the current work literature, which fails to address the impact of displacement on refugee women and the consequences of displacement for vocational engagement during resettlement.FindingsThis paper contributes to the current literature in four ways. First, it adds forced displacement to the peripheral-intersections literature informing Acker's theory of “inequality regimes”. Secondly, it contributes to a deeper understanding of how pluralities and intersectionality develop during forced displacement, by introducing the theory of displacement-plurality (D-P). Thirdly, it contributes to human resource management (HRM) diversity practice by explaining the relationship between D-P and related constructs, such as work engagement (WE), economic empowerment (EE), work-related factors (WRFs) and psycho-social factors (PSFs) to help improve localised diversity practices in relation to refugee populations. Fourthly, it provides a detailed framework to guide research and practice in this area, supported by a critical evaluation of the current refugee work literature.Originality/valueWhen we understand displacement-related factors, we can move towards a more emancipatory approach to intersectionality, allowing us to develop more sophisticated approaches to diversity in organisations. In turn, this helps us to understand people's lived experiences and their responses to organisational interventions more effectively.

scholarly journals The social-political challenges of internal displacements in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Z. Smutchak
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Migratory Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Intention To Move ◽  
Voluntary Choice ◽  
The Impact

Migratory threats which are connected with mass internal inter-regional migrations, caused by the annexation of Crimea and military aggression in Donbas by Russia, have been disclosed in the article. The social-political and psychological threats of large-scale forced displacement are determined. Traditional migrations are mainly due to social-economic factors and the independent voluntary choice of participants in these processes regarding the intention to move, dictated by the freedom of choice of the person. Instead, forced displacements are caused by immediate threats to life and health. Analyzing the factors of migratory attraction, the cluster analysis was performed using the k-means method and using the STATISTICA program. The results of cluster analysis show that in large regions the level of IDP migratory activity is higher and the impact on the formation of demographic capital is more significant. It does not affect the number and composition of the population as a whole, but causes changes in its location, gender, and the age structure of the inhabitants of individual regions, is a consequence and an important factor of regional differences, directly related to industrialization and urbanization, rural depopulation. In terms of volume, internal migration significantly outperforms international migration. Measures for the proper formation and development of demographic potential at the macro level are proposed. Without proper regulation, forced displacement becomes a growing burden on host communities' ability to provide basic services, destroys civilian infrastructure and community cohesion, undermines public investment in reform, and creates insecurity, hopelessness, and despair among large populations that can easily become national and global risks.

scholarly journals Gendered aspects of distress migration:

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-39
Author(s):  
Vasileia Digidiki ◽  
Jacqueline Bhabha
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Adverse Consequence ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Host State ◽  
Refugee Community ◽  
The Impact

A qualitative study conducted among Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh provides empirical confirmation of two types of adverse consequence that frequently occur following distress migration: harsh and exclusionary host state policies, and exacerbation of power inequities (and related abuse) within the refugee community. This article describes research that explored the circumstances of female Rohingya refugees living in the Cox’s Bazar refugee camps in Bangladesh after fleeing genocidal violence in Myanmar. The refugees describe harsh gendered aspects of their forced displacement, including limited access to needed protection and services as well as intra-community hardships exacerbated by the impact of displacement and segregation. Both sets of outcomes constitute preventable human rights violations that require redress.

The impact of war followed by forced displacement on women and children: how Syrian mothers perceive their experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakir Al Gharaibeh ◽  
Justine O'Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Family Stress ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Family Stress Theory ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stress Theory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effects Of War

PurposeThis research aimed to describe and examine the effects of war followed by forced displacement on Syrian mothers and their children in terms of Reuben Hill's Family Stress Theory and identify essential elements to consider in social work practice with this population.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 Syrian mothers living in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A thematic analysis at both a semantic and latent level was completed. A case study – “Noor” – was developed to offer insight into one Syrian woman's experiences and response to war-related stressors and displacement.FindingsThe findings from the analysis of the interviews and case study indicated that for Syrian families displaced by conflict the traumas of war were compounded by ongoing and multiple emotional and practical stressors, with ongoing experiences of “loss” being the significant stressor. Giving context to these findings highlights the demand and impost on the host countries, in this study, the UAE, to continue their significant humanitarian efforts to Syrian families.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings will assist social workers, humanitarian organisations and their staff and others working with Syrian families, to respond more effectively.Originality/valueThere is no research in evidence in the professional literature that addresses the effects of war on displaced Syrian families in terms of Reuben Hill's Family Stress Theory.

Climate displacement, humanitarian needs and Forecast-based financing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Thalheimer ◽  
Sihan Li ◽  
Ezekiel Simperingham ◽  
Eddie Jjemba ◽  
Friederike Otto
Keyword(s):  
Forced Migration ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Impact

<p><span>The forced displacement of individuals and communities as a result of extreme weather events and the impact of anthropogenic climate change has been described as one of the greatest humanitarian challenges of the 21st Century. A multi-sectoral approach is required to address the humanitarian dimensions of climate displacement. Approaches span initiatives to prevent or reduce the conditions that lead to displacement (for example, resilience and adaptation strategies); response to displacement (including access to essential humanitarian assistance); recovery initiatives that increase resilience and support for the attainment of sustainable solutions (return, local integration and resettlement). </span>Within the discussions on the humanitarian dimension of climate displacement, there has been increasing recognition of the specific importance of preparedness initiatives. Practitioners like the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre (RCCC), for instance, have been starting to apply tests of forecast-based financing (FbF) to inform short-term humanitarian assistance based on disaster warnings from scientific forecasts. This paper serves as an innovative contribution towards understanding how FbF can be used as an effective approach to prepare for or prevent climate-related forced displacement. Using a panel econometric analysis, this paper models climate-related forced migration movements and humanitarian needs in Somalia during recent compound drought events. The model results support the improvement of early warning systems in the region and more broadly, the inclusive development and provision of time-effective humanitarian aid to those displaced globally.</p>

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