scholarly journals Role of Temperature Dependent Chemical Potential on Thermoelectric Power

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsunehiro Takeuchi ◽  
Yasuhiro Toyama ◽  
Akio Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Temperature Dependent

scholarly journals Expansive Growth vs. pH Reflects a Poisson Point Process of Binding/Unbinding Events in Plant Cell Walls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz A. Pietruszka
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Acid Growth ◽  
Hydronium Ions ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe paramount role of $$\mathrm{pH}$$ pH and temperature $$\left(T\right)$$ T in the expansive growth of a plant coleoptile/hypocotyl non-meristematic zone or plant and fungal cells was examined within the framework of the underlying chemical bond statistics in order to reproduce an experimental plot of growth vs. $$\mathrm{pH}$$ pH . Here, according to the definition, $$\mathrm{pH}=\mathrm{pH}\left({\mu }_{{\mathrm{H}}^{+}}\left(T\right), T\right)$$ pH = pH μ H + T , T is considered as a function of the chemical potential of the H+ (hydronium) ions ($${\mu }_{{\mathrm{H}}^{+}})$$ μ H + ) , as well as an implicit and explicit function of $$T$$ T . The derivation of the $$\mathrm{pH}$$ pH and $$T$$ T dependent expansive growth distribution from the Poisson statistics of the “tethers” that reproduce the chemical bonds between microfibrils was determined. The probability distribution for the attachment/detachment/reattachment events of the tethers that are connected to the microfibrils in the elongation zone was obtained. The two distinct but interrelated modes of the expansive growth, which are known as “acid growth” and “auxin growth” were distinguished in the analytic model, while the acid growth hypothesis was verified and confirmed at the semi-empirical and microscopic levels for the first time. Moreover, further perspectives, in which the macroscopic variables $$\left(P, V, T\right)$$ P , V , T with $$P$$ P standing for the turgor pressure and $$V$$ V for the cell volume, and the microscopic variables, $${E}^{{\varvec{d}},{\varvec{r}}}$$ E d , r , which represent the binding energies of the detachment/reattachment events at the expense of ATP energy, and $${\mu }_{{\mathrm{H}}^{+}}$$ μ H + can occur simultaneously, were identified. With a few assumptions that are partly based on experimental data it was possible to synthesise a link between the microscopic, explicit statistical explanation of bond dynamics and the macroscopic rheological properties of the cell wall at a given $$\mathrm{pH}$$ pH and temperature. A statistical description that predicted the importance of $$\mathrm{pH}$$ pH and temperature-dependent chemical potential of the H+ ions in microscopic events that result in growth would be supposedly applicable across scales.

Studies on the Temperature Dependent Fluorescence of Poly-N-Vinylcarbazole Films up to the Glass Transition: Role of the Excimer Forming Sites

1988 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Giro ◽  
Piergiulio Di Marco ◽  
Francesco Barigelletti
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Temperature Dependent

Role of microscopic temperature-dependent binding energies in the decay of Si*32 formed in the O20+C12 reaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
BirBikram Singh ◽  
S. K. Patra
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energies ◽  
Temperature Dependent

scholarly journals Role of temperature-dependent spin model parameters in ultra-fast magnetization dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (31) ◽  
pp. 314003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Deák ◽  
D Hinzke ◽  
L Szunyogh ◽  
U Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Spin Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Magnetization Dynamics

Ambient temperature-dependent thermoregulatory role of REM sleep

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 392-396
Author(s):  
Deependra Kumar ◽  
Velayudhan Mohan Kumar ◽  
Hruda Nanda Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Temperature Dependent

Noncommutative scalar field in de Sitter space–time and pair creation process

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 2150011
Author(s):  
Nabil Mehdaoui ◽  
Lamine Khodja ◽  
Salah Haouat
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
De Sitter Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Pair Creation ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Scalar Particles ◽  
Constant Electromagnetic Field

In this work, we address the process of pair creation of scalar particles in [Formula: see text] de Sitter space–time in presence of a constant electromagnetic field by applying the noncommutativity on the scalar field up to first-order in [Formula: see text]. We calculate the density of particles created in the vacuum by the mean of the Bogoliubov transformations. In contrast to a previous result, we show that noncommutativity contributes to the pair creation process. We find that the noncommutativity plays the same role of chemical potential and gives an important interest for studies at high energies.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of mono- and sesquiterpene emission rates of Scots pine

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hakola ◽  
V. Tarvainen ◽  
J. Bäck ◽  
H. Ranta ◽  
B. Bonn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Emission Pattern ◽  
Defensive Role ◽  
Monoterpene Emission

Abstract. The seasonal variation of mono-and sesquiterpene emission rates of Scots pine was measured from April to October in 2004. The emission rates were measured daily in the afternoons with the exception of weekends. Emissions were measured from two branches; one of them was debudded in May (branch A), while the other was allowed to grow new needles (branch B). The monoterpene emission pattern remained almost constant throughout the measurement period, Δ3-carene being the dominant monoterpene (50-70% of the VOC emission). The standard monoterpene emission potential (30°C) was highest during early summer in June (the average of the two branches 1.35 µg g-1h-1) and lowest during early autumn in September (the average of the two branches 0.20 µg g-1h-1. The monoterpene emission potential of branch A remained low also during October, whereas the emission potential of branch B was very high in October. The sesquiterpenes were mainly emitted during mid summer, the dominant sesquiterpene being β-caryophyllene. Branch A had a higher sesquiterpene emission potential than branch B and the emission maximum occurred concomitant with the high concentration of airborne pathogen spores suggesting a potential defensive role of the sesquiterpene emissions. The sesquiterpene emissions were well correlated with linalool and 1,8-cineol emissions, but not with monoterpenes. Sesquiterpene and 1,8-cineol emissions were equally well described by the temperature dependent and the temperature and light dependent algorithms. This is due to the saturation of the light algorithm as the measurements were always conducted during high light conditions.

scholarly journals 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase thermolability is responsible for temperature-dependent melanogenesis inAeromonas salmonicidasubsp.salmonicida

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunqian Qiao ◽  
Jiao Wang ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Baozhong Chai ◽  
Chufeng Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Adaptive Strategy ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Melanin Production ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractAeromonas salmonicidasubsp.salmonicida(A.s.s) is a major pathogen affecting fisheries worldwide. It is a well-known member of the pigmentedAeromonasspecies, which produces melanin at ≤ 22 °C. However, melanogenesis decreases as the culture temperature increases and is completely suppressed at 30-35 °C while bacterial growth is not affected. The mechanism and biological significance of this temperature-dependent melanogenesis are not clear. Heterologous expression of anA.s.s.4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HppD), the most crucial enzyme in the HGA-melanin synthesis pathway, results in thermosensitive pigmentation inEscherichia coli, suggesting that HppD plays a key role in this process. In the current study, we demonstrated that the extreme thermolability of HppD is responsible for the temperature-dependent melanization ofA.s.s.Substitutions in three residues, Ser18, Pro103, or Leu119 of HppD fromA.s.sincreases the thermolability of this enzyme and results in temperature-independent melanogenesis. Moreover, replacing the corresponding residues of HppD fromAeromonasmedia strain WS, which forms pigment independent of temperature, with those ofA.s.sHppD leads to thermosensitive melanogenesis. Structural analysis suggested that mutations at these sites, especially at position P103, can strengthen the secondary structure of HppD and greatly improve its thermal stability. In addition, we found that HppD sequences of allA.s.sisolates are identical and that two of the three residues are completely conserved withinA.s.sisolates, which clearly distinguishes these from otherAeromonasstrains. We suggest that this property represents an adaptive strategy to the psychrophilic lifestyle ofA.s.s.ImportanceAeromonas salmonicidasubsp.salmonicida(A.s.s) is the causative agent of furunculosis, a bacterial septicemia of cold water fish of theSalmonidaefamily. As it has a well-defined host range,A.s.shas become an ideal model to investigate the co-evolution of host and pathogen. For many pathogens, melanin production is associated with virulence. Although other species ofAeromonascan produce melanin,A.s.sis the only member of this genus that has been reported to exhibit temperature-dependent melanization. Here we demonstrate that thermosensitive melanogenesis inA.s.sstrains is due to the thermolability of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HppD). The strictly conservedhppDsequences amongA.s.sand the exclusive thermosensitive pigmentation of these strains might provide insight into the role of melanin in the adaptation to a particular host, and offer a novel molecular marker to readily differentiateA.s.sstrains from otherA. salmonicidasubspecies andAeromonasspecies.

scholarly journals Evidence that the TRPV1 S1-S4 Membrane Domain Contributes to Thermosensing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjoo Kim ◽  
Nicholas J. Sisco ◽  
Jacob K. Hilton ◽  
Camila M. Montano ◽  
Manuel A. Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Solution Nmr ◽  
Membrane Domain ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Nmr Characterization ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Pore Domain ◽  
Coupling Mechanisms

AbstractSensing and responding to temperature is crucial in biology. The TRPV1 ion channel is a well-studied heat-sensing receptor that is also activated by vanilloid compounds including capsaicin. Despite significant interest, the molecular underpinnings of thermosensing have remained elusive. The TRPV1 S1-S4 membrane domain couples chemical ligand binding to the pore domain during channel gating. However, the role of the S1-S4 domain in thermosensing is unclear. Evaluation of the isolated human TRPV1 S1-S4 domain by solution NMR, Far-UV CD, and intrinsic fluorescence shows that this domain undergoes a non-denaturing temperature-dependent transition with a high thermosensitivity. Further NMR characterization of the temperature-dependent conformational changes suggests the contribution of the S1-S4 domain to thermosensing shares features with known coupling mechanisms between this domain with ligand and pH activation. Taken together, this study shows that the TRPV1 S1-S4 domain contributes to TRPV1 temperature-dependent activation.

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