Association Between Sleep Duration and Diabetes in Black and White Adults

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between reported sleep duration and incident stroke in a US cohort of black and white adults, and evaluate race, age, and sex as potential effect modifiers.MethodsFrom 2008 to 2010, 16,733 black and white adults, aged ≥45 years, without a history of stroke or sleep-disordered breathing from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, reported their habitual sleep duration (<6, 6.0–6.9, 7.0–8.9 [reference], ≥9 hours). Incident strokes were identified through biannual participant contact followed by physician adjudication of medical records. Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted to calculate hazard ratios of interactions between sleep duration with race, age, sex, and 2-way combinations of these factors on incident stroke adjusting for stroke risk factors and sleep-disordered breathing risk.ResultsThe sample comprised 10.4% (n = 1,747) short sleepers (<6 hours) and 6.8% (n = 1,134) long sleepers (≥9 hours). Over an average 6.1 years follow-up, 460 strokes occurred. There were significant interactions between sleep duration and race (p = 0.018) and sleep duration and race–sex groups (p = 0.0023) in association with incident stroke. Short sleep duration was significantly associated with decreased risk for stroke among black participants (hazard ratio [HR] 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.28–0.85]), particularly black men (HR 0.21 [95% CI 0.07–0.69]), whereas long sleep duration was significantly associated with increased risk for stroke among white men (HR 1.71 [95% CI 1.06–2.76]).ConclusionsThe association of sleep duration with incident stroke differs by race and sex, with short sleep duration among black men associated with decreased risk, whereas long sleep duration among white men associated with increased risk for stroke.

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Abstract MP09: Black-White Differences in the Association Between Sleep Duration and Incident Stroke: The REGARDS Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.133.suppl_1.mp09 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Megan E Petrov ◽

George Howard ◽

Michael A Grandner ◽

Dawn Kleindorfer ◽

Jennifer R Molano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Black And White ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Blacks And Whites ◽

White Adults

Introduction: Short and long sleep durations are associated with incident stroke. Few studies have investigated these associations by race despite prevalent inequities in stroke between non-Hispanic black and white adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and incident stroke in a US cohort of blacks and whites. Methods: Within the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study, 15,941 black and white adults (≥45yrs) with no history of stroke or sleep apnea were studied. Participants self-reported their habitual sleep duration. Suspected stroke events were identified every 6 months, and associated medical records were retrieved and physician adjudicated. Proportional hazards analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios for incident stroke associated with sleep duration (<6, 6.0-6.9, 7.0-7.9, 8.0-8.9[reference group], 9+hrs) controlling for sociodemographics, stroke risk factors, and depressive symptoms. Results: At baseline, 11.2% of the sample was very short sleepers (<6hrs) and 6.7% were long sleepers (9+hrs). Over an average follow-up of 4.7 ± 1.4 years, 321 stroke events occurred (blacks=114; whites=207). After adjustment, shorter sleep duration was associated with increased risk for incident stroke (6.0-6.9hr: OR=1.41, 95%CI 1.02-1.94; 7.0-7.9hr: OR=1.36, 95%CI 1.01-1.83). The interaction between sleep duration and race was significant ( p =0.02). In stratified analyses, shorter sleep duration was associated with increased risk for stroke in whites but not blacks (see table). Discussion: Among middle-aged to older, white adults with no history of stroke or sleep apnea, shorter sleep duration was associated with increased risk for stroke. There was no association among blacks. Resilience to insufficient sleep as a risk factor for stroke may differ for blacks and whites. Adjusted for age, sex, education, income, depressive symptoms, hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart disease, and smoking status

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Health care utilization of black and white adults Ohio, 1998: Chart book #7

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e552182009-001 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Linda Tyner-Onyeaghor ◽

William Ramsini ◽

Frank Holtzhauer

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Utilization ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Black And White ◽

White Adults

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Difference in blood pressure response to ACE-Inhibitor monotherapy between black and white adults with arterial hypertension: a meta-analysis of 13 clinical trials.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.727373789.793529349 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Paul Drawz

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Ace Inhibitor ◽

Blood Pressure Response ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Pressure Response ◽

Black And White ◽

White Adults

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Individual, social environmental, and physical environmental influences on physical activity among black and white Adults: A Structural Equation Analysis

Annals of Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1207/s15324796abm3101_7 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 36-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 128

Author(s):

Lorna Haughton McNeill ◽

Kathleen W. Wyrwich ◽

Ross C. Brownson ◽

Eddie M. Clark ◽

Matthew W. Kreuter

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Environmental Influences ◽

Black And White ◽

Structural Equation Analysis ◽

Equation Analysis ◽

Social Environmental ◽

White Adults

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The Role of Stressful Childhood Experiences in Shaping Later-Life Memory Loss Among Black and White U.S. Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.948 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 296-296

Author(s):

Caroline Hartnett

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Decline ◽

Memory Loss ◽

Later Life ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Black Adults ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

White Children ◽

Black And White ◽

Stressful Experiences ◽

White Adults

Abstract Cognitive decline common in the U.S. and greatly impacts quality of life, both for those who experience it and for those who care for them. Black Americans experience higher burdens of cognitive decline but the mechanisms underlying this disparity have not been fully elucidated. Stress experienced in early life is a promising explanatory factor, since stress and cognition are linked, childhood stressors been shown to have a range of negative implications later in life, and Black children experience more childhood stressors than White children, on average. In this paper, we use data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to examine whether stressful experiences in childhood help explain Black-White disparities in memory loss. These data were available for 5 state-years between 2011 and 2017 (n=11,708). Preliminary results indicate that, while stressful childhood experiences are strongly associated with memory loss, stressful experiences do not mediate the association between race and memory loss. However, race does appear to moderate the association between stressful childhood experiences and memory loss. Specifically, stressful experiences are associated with a higher likelihood of memory loss for Black adults compared to White adults.In addition, there seem to be some noteworthy patterns across different types of experiences (i.e. parental drinking may predict later memory loss more strongly for Black adults than White adults, but parental hitting may predict memory loss more strongly for White adults than Black adults).

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