Systematic variation and differences in insulin-autoantibody measurements

Abstract The question of how to allocate scarce agricultural research and development dollars is significant for developing countries. Historically, benefit/cost analysis has been the standard for comparing the relative benefits of alternative investments. We examine the potential of shifting the implicit equal weights approach to benefit/cost analysis, as well as how a systematic variation in welfare weights may affect different groups important to policy makers. For example, in the case of Rwandan coffee, a shift in the welfare weights that would favor small coffee producers in Rwanda over foreign consumers of Rwandan coffee would increase the support for investments in small producer coffee projects. Generally, changes in welfare weights alter the ordering for selecting investments across alternative projects.

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Do Spanish causal connectives vary in subjectivity? What crowdsourcing data reveal about native speakers’ preferences

Text & Talk - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Language Discourse Communication Studies ◽

10.1515/text-2019-0102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 211-237

Author(s):

Andrea Santana ◽

Wilbert Spooren ◽

Dorien Nieuwenhuijsen ◽

Ted J.M. Sanders

Keyword(s):

Similar Pattern ◽

Reliable Method ◽

Native Speakers ◽

Previous Literature ◽

Systematic Variation ◽

Causal Relations ◽

Methods Of Analysis ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Language users have preferences for the connectives they choose to express causal relations. These choices may depend on the subjectivity involved in the relation. Dutch connectives illustrate this situation clearly: want (‘since/for’) is preferred typically for expressing subjective relations and omdat (‘because’) for objective ones. While various corpus-based studies have revealed a similar pattern in other languages, little attention has been paid to Spanish from this perspective. Recent corpus-based studies analyzed the connectives porque (‘because’), ya que (‘since’) and puesto que (‘given that’) using two different methods of analysis. Surprisingly, the findings did not coincide with the previous literature on Spanish connectives, and the semantic profile of such connectives in terms of subjectivity remained unclear. The current study again aims to investigate whether these connectives show systematic variation in terms of subjectivity, using crowdsourcing experimentation. Results show that Spanish native speakers prefer puesto que over porque to express subjective relations. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between porque and ya que. This study offers a better understanding of Spanish connectives in terms of subjectivity. Furthermore, it contributes to the assessment of the use of crowdsourcing as a useful and reliable method to elucidate the meaning and use of connectives.

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Modeling the effects of systematic variation in ionic strength on the attachment kinetics ofPseudomonas fluorescensUPER-1 in saturated sand columns

Water Resources Research ◽

10.1029/1999wr900015 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 1619-1627 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

P. A. Deshpande ◽

D. R. Shonnard

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Systematic Variation ◽

Saturated Sand

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A Male with Extreme Subcutaneous Insulin Resistance: A Case Report

Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases ◽

10.1515/rjdnmd-2016-0025 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 209-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zuhayer Ahmed ◽

Indrajit Prasad ◽

Hafizur Rahman ◽

Jalil Ansari ◽

Khaled Hassan

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Underdeveloped Country ◽

Hypoglycemic Agents ◽

High Dose ◽

Subcutaneous Insulin ◽

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Medical Issues ◽

Insulin Autoantibody

AbstractIntroduction: Though insulin has no upper limit in dosage, we do not encounter very high dose requirements too often. The reported case is the first in Bangladesh to require more than 1000 international units (IU) of subcutaneous insulin per day.Case presentation: A 44-year old male diabetic patient from Bangladesh presented with unusually uncontrolled diabetes mellitus due to extreme insulin resistance. Despite dramatic increase in insulin step by step up to 1110 IU of concomitant short and intermediate acting insulin per day by subcutaneous route, his blood glucose remained over 12 mmol/L persistently, in all the fasting, pre-prandial, postprandial and random samples. He was also treated with several oral hypoglycemic agents including metformin, vildagliptin, glimepiride, pioglitazone and miglitol along with insulin but blood glucose levels remained almost unchanged. However, intravenous infusion of insulin over 4 hours caused a plummet in the glucose level. His blood test for insulin autoantibody was negative.Conclusion: This paper provides a scope to review literatures on extreme subcutaneous insulin resistance and its management. It also reveals the limitations of management due to lack of facilities in an underdeveloped country, which hinders proper exploration to many medical issues.

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The prevalence, immune profile, and clinical characteristics of children with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus in the state of Qatar

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2021-0452 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Basma Haris ◽

Ahmed Abdellatief ◽

Houda Afyouni ◽

Tasneem Abdel-Karim ◽

Shayma Mohammed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Celiac Disease ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

Positive Type ◽

Immune Profile ◽

Insulin Autoantibody

Abstract Objectives Children with antibody positive type 1 diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes) are at an increased risk of developing celiac disease (CD) which suggests a common autoimmune basis with both high-risk human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA factors playing a role in the pathophysiology. We aim to describe the prevalence, immune profile, and clinical characteristics of children with CD who have type 1 diabetes mellitus in Qatar. Methods All children (aged 0–18 years) attending a regional diabetes clinic with antibody positive type 1 diabetes were screened for CD. Measurement of tissue transglutaminase IgA and IgG as well as anti-endomysial antibody, was done, clinical details about the birth history, family history of diabetes and CD, age of onset, and ethnicity were collected. Results Out of the 1,325 children with antibody positive type 1 diabetes, 54 were identified to have CD on screening and then confirmed on small bowel biopsy. The prevalence of CD in the type 1 diabetes childhood population in Qatar is 4.07%. CD and type 1 diabetes were more prevalent in the Qatari children (n=32) as compared to non-Qatari (n=22) and occurred mostly in the age group 6–10 years. The most common type 1 diabetes antibodies in children with CD were glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin autoantibody. Twelve subjects were asymptomatic for CD symptoms and picked up only on screening. Conclusions The prevalence of CD in children with type 1 diabetes in Qatar is comparable to reports from around the world. Many children were asymptomatic and thus routine screening is recommended.

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