scholarly journals Remifentanil in Combination With Propofol Is Suitable for Use in the Dental Outpatient Setting

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Makoto Maeno ◽  
Ken-ichi Fukuda ◽  
Toyoaki Sakamoto ◽  
Yoshihiko Koukita ◽  
Tatsuya Ichinohe
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Ideal Agent ◽  
Index Value ◽  
The Ideal

Although several adjuncts to the general anesthetic propofol have been proposed, there is insufficient research identifying the ideal agent, and in what dosage, to combine with propofol in dental outpatient anesthesia. Here we examined the combination of remifentanil or nitrous oxide and propofol in patients with severe dental avoidance undergoing dental treatment in the outpatient setting. Eighty patients were randomized to 4 groups and administered propofol/saline solution (PS; n = 20), propofol/remifentanil 0.25 μg/kg/min (PRe-0.25; n = 20), propofol/remifentanil 0.125 μg/kg/min (PRe-0.125; n = 20), or propofol/66% nitrous oxide (PN; n = 20). During anesthesia, the bispectral index value was kept between 40 and 60. Body movements and hemodynamic changes during anesthesia, emergence, and recovery as well as anesthetic cost were compared between the combinations. Body movements were observed in all patients administered PS but in no patients administered PRe-0.25, PRe-0.125, or PN. Postoperative nausea was observed in 5 patients (25%) administered PRe-0.25 and in 1 patient (5%) administered PN. Although both PRe-0.125 and PN were useful clinically, PRe-0.125 was the least expensive combination.

scholarly journals Risk of respiratory depression at use of nitrous oxide on individuals with cerebral palsy: a clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e198101320774
Author(s):  
Fernando Martins Baeder ◽  
Daniel Furtado Silva ◽  
Ana Carolina Lyra de Albuquerque ◽  
Dênis Clay Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Andrea Pavanello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Respiratory Depression ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Conscious Sedation ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
N2o Titration

The dental care for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) often result in the referral of patients for general anesthesia. Conscious sedation with nitrous oxide (N2O) could be an alternative resource, from a behavioral and physiological point of view, and could favor dental care in an outpatient setting. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of conscious sedation with N2O on respiratory rate (RR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) in the dental treatment of individuals with CP. Seventy-seven patients with CP, over 3 years old, regardless of gender and ethnicity, were evaluated with the measurement of N2O titration, RR and SpO2 in four moments: initial, 5 minutes after sedation, 10 minutes after anesthesia and 5 minutes after removal of the N2O. Student's t test and ANOVA F were used, with a significance level of 5%. The variation in N2O titration did not generate significant variation in RR (p = 0.122). There was a significant difference in SpO2 between T1 and other times. It can be said that conscious sedation is not influenced by N2O titration, does not cause respiratory depression or any clinically significant change in SpO2, confirming the safety of use in an outpatient setting.

scholarly journals Chronic pain relief after the exposure of nitrous oxide during dental treatment: longitudinal retrospective study

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 578-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Moreira Mattos Júnior ◽  
Rafael Villanova Mattos ◽  
Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira ◽  
Silvia Regina Dowgan Tesseroli de Siqueira ◽  
Jose Tadeu Tesseroli de Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Prevalence Of Pain ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Pain Patients

The objective was to investigate the effect of nitrous/oxygen in chronic pain. Seventy-seven chronic pain patients referred to dental treatment with conscious sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen had their records included in this research. Data were collected regarding the location and intensity of pain by the visual analogue scale before and after the treatment. Statistical analysis was performed comparing pre- and post-treatment findings. It was observed a remarkable decrease in the prevalence of pain in this sample (only 18 patients still had chronic pain, p < 0.001) and in its intensity (p < 0.001). Patients that needed fewer sessions received higher proportions of nitrous oxide/oxygen. Nitrous oxide may be a tool to be used in the treatment of chronic pain, and future prospective studies are necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms and the effect of nitrous oxide/oxygen in patients according to the pain diagnosis and other characteristics.

Hemodynamic changes in regular antipsychotic users after adrenaline-containing lidocaine injection under general anesthesia: a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Shionoya ◽  
Eishi Nakamura ◽  
Gentaro Tsujimoto ◽  
Takayuki Koyata ◽  
Asako Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
General Anesthetics ◽  
Dental Procedure ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Lidocaine Injection ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Β Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Circulation Dynamics

Abstract Background: Local anesthetic containing adrenaline is commonly used in many operations to maintain hemostasis and prolong the duration of anesthesia. Antipsychotic drugs have an α-adrenergic receptor blocking action, and it is thought that β-adrenergic receptors predominate when adrenaline is administered in combination, thus inducing hypotension. Many general anesthetics have vasodilatory effects, and it is possible that blood pressure may decrease further if adrenaline-containing lidocaine is administered to antipsychotic users during anesthesia. This study aimed to assess the circulation dynamics in regular antipsychotics users administered adrenaline-containing lidocaine under general anesthesia in a dental procedure. Methods: Participants included 30 patients regularly using antipsychotics (butyrophenone, phenothiazine, and/or atypical antipsychotics) who were scheduled for dental treatment to be performed under general anesthesia. At five minutes after tracheal intubation, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), and percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured as a baseline. SBP, DBP, HR, and SpO2 were measured 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 minutes after the injection of 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine (32 mg) with 1:80,000 adrenaline (22.5 μg) into the oral cavity. Differences in the SBP, DBP, HR, and SpO2 between baseline and at each time point were analyzed using Dunnett’s test.Results: No significant changes were observed in the SBP, DBP, HR, and SpO2 compared to baseline until ten minutes after the administration of adrenaline-containing lidocaine. No adverse events were observed up to one hour after the administration of adrenaline-containing lidocaine.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that adrenaline used at the usual dose for dental treatment under general anesthesia is unlikely to affect the circulation dynamics of regular antipsychotic users.

scholarly journals The Spermicidal Powers of Chemical Contraceptives: II. Pure Substances

1931 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Saline Solution ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Prussic Acid ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Reduce Surface Tension ◽  
Pure Substances ◽  
The Ideal

1. A technique for comparing the spermicidal powers of pure substances is described in detail. It is hoped that this may be accepted as the standard technique for the purpose.2. The killing concentration of each substance is determined by this technique. The killing concentration is defined as the lowest concentration, in the series 2, 1, ½, ¼ per cent., etc., which suffices to kill every guinea-pig sperm suspended in glucose-saline solution in half an hour at the temperature of the body in four consecutive experiments, the majority of the control sperms being moderately or very active.3. 36 substances have been graded by this technique.4. Mercuric chloride and formaldehyde were found to be the most spermicidal substances. The killing concentration of each per cent.5. Hexyl resorcin kills at per cent., soaps at per cent.6. Formaldehyde and hexyl resorcin, among other substances, seem likely to be useful as contraceptives.7. The significance of the high spermicidal power of soaps is discussed.8. Quinine bisulphate and chinosol, which are perhaps more commonly used as contraceptives than any other substances, only kill at ½ per cent.9. Certain very poisonous substances have very slight spermicidal powers. This applies to potassium cyanide, prussic acid and strychnine hydrochloride.10. Foaming mixtures, consisting of acids and sodium bicarbonate, could probably be used alone as contraceptives.11. The acrosome is the part of the sperm most vulnerable to spermicides. It tends to swell up and burst.12. Sperms are very susceptible to changes in osmotic pressure.13. It is the hydrogen ions and not the anions of acids that kill sperms.14. The suggestion that tribasic acids would be found to be more spermicidal than dibasic, and dibasic than monobasic, is not substantiated.15. Substances which reduce surface tension are often effective spermicides.16. The characters of the ideal chemical contraceptive are discussed.17. The need for co-operation in research in chemical contraception is stressed.

scholarly journals Sedation with 50% nitrous oxide/oxygen for outpatient dental treatment in individuals with intellectual disability

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 621-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Faulks ◽  
Martine Hennequin ◽  
Sylvie Albecker-Grappe ◽  
Marie-Cécile Manière ◽  
Corinne Tardieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Oxygen

Clinical evaluation of intravenous nitroglycerin for neurosurgery

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 704-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian S. Chestnut ◽  
Maurice S. Albin ◽  
Evelyn Gonzalez-Abola ◽  
Philippa Newfield ◽  
Joseph C. Maroon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intravenous Nitroglycerin ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebrovascular Autoregulation ◽  
Ideal Agent ◽  
Neurosurgical Patient ◽  
Moment Control ◽  
The Ideal

✓ Moment-to-moment control of blood pressure is important in the management of the neurosurgical patient. The ideal agent to control blood pressure or induce hypotension should be non-toxic, maintain cerebrovascular autoregulation, and not alter cardiac output or change intracranial pressure. Intravenous nitroglycerin has been used to control blood pressure in 54 neurosurgical cases. This agent produces a rapid, controllable, but not precipitous fall in blood pressure without rebound, is non-toxic, may not alter cerebrovascular autoregulation, and does not raise intracranial pressure. Our clinical experience with intravenous nitroglycerin indicates that it has an important role as a hypotensive agent for the neurosurgical patient.

scholarly journals Atraumatic Restorative Treatment and Interim Therapeutic Restoration: A Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afnan Saber ◽  
Azza El-Housseiny ◽  
Najlaa Alamoudi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Approach ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Ideal

This review discusses the techniques and uses of atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) and interim therapeutic restoration (ITR) and states the differences between these two approaches. ART and ITR are similar approaches and are performed using the same material, but they differ in the purpose of their use. ART is used in cases when there are obstacles to reaching dental care units and has been proven to have high success rates in primary and permanent dentitions. ITR is used as a temporary restoration that will be replaced with a more definitive one. ITR is used in cases when the ideal dental treatment cannot be performed. Conventional glass polyalkenoate (ionomer) restorative cement (GIC) is the material of choice that has been used for ART and ITR. This is because of its fluoride release properties, including its ability to bond to enamel and dentine, its pulpal biocompatibility, and its ease of manipulation. High-viscosity glass ionomer performed better than low and medium-viscosity glass ionomer in ART. Combining GIC with conditioner, as well as the use of a chemo-mechanical approach, improved the success rate of ART. Both ATR and ITR are acceptable strategies, with success rates comparable to the traditional treatment methods.

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