scholarly journals Investigating the L2 Writing Strategies Used by Skillful English Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
S. Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
English Education ◽  
Writing Process ◽  
L2 Writing ◽  
Writing Strategies ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Think Aloud Protocols ◽  
English Students

Several studies have been conducted to investigate the writing strategies used by skilled and less-skilled English writers, particularly in the EFL context but only a few have attempted to observe the strategies employed by skillful/proficient English students, predominantly in the Indonesian context. Therefore, the interest of this research was to discover the types of writing strategies applied by three skillful English students while writing in English (L2) and evaluate their substantial effects. The participants were three graduate students majoring in English Education. Moreover, the data obtained from Think-Aloud Protocols, semi-structured interviews, and written drafts were analyzed and evaluated and the results showed the writing process of the students varied. On the whole, the disparities presented a more understanding of students' writing process. It was also discovered that the three students applied similar strategies but the major inconsistency was in the manner with each was implemented.

scholarly journals The Exploration of Skilled and Less-Skilled EFL Graduate Students' on L1 and L2 Writing Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Syaadiah Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
English Education ◽  
L2 Writing ◽  
Writing Strategies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Think Aloud Protocols ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
L1 And L2 Writing ◽  
L1 And L2

This study aims to analyze the similarities, differences, and transferability of students' writing strategies in L1 (Indonesian) and L2 (English). Data were obtained from four participants majoring in English Education, two males and two females, which were categorized into skilled and less-skilled writers. The data were collected for four months using various methods, namely think-aloud protocols (TAPs), retrospective and semi-structured interviews, observations, and written drafts. The result showed that students employed similar personal strategies while writing in Indonesian (L1) and English (L2). This means that they transferred L1 strategies to L2 with some variances and similarities. The skilled writers viewed writing as a cyclical process of planning, writing, reading/rereading, rehearsing, and revising their texts. Meanwhile, less-skilled writers tended to employ linear and less recursive strategies. Furthermore, subsequent studies need to be conducted using these research findings and suggestions.

scholarly journals L2 WRITING STRATEGIES USED BY HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Syaadiah Arifin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Writing Strategies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Writing Quality ◽  
School Students ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Think Aloud Protocols ◽  
English Students

Writing is a challenging activity that comprises a complex cognitive process, as well as various strategies. Furthermore, minimal research has been performed on using writing strategies among High School students in the EFL context, specifically in Indonesia. Although the applications of effective strategies have been evidenced to be helpful, many students are not aware of using them to alleviate their writing quality. Therefore, this study aims at investigating English L2 strategies when writing recount texts using three skilled English students. This is a qualitative research that utilized purposive sampling and the instruments employed were Think-Aloud Protocols (TAPs), observation, retrospective, and semi-structured interviews. Following the analysis and interpretation of the data obtained from these instruments, the acquired results demonstrated that they used similar writing strategies. However, the occurrences from this use differed from one individual to another as some were unaware that the writing process was recursive and not linear. Therefore, this study implies that students need to be encouraged to apply different strategies to develop their writing, and teachers also, were required to explicitly teach these strategies as it will lead students to use them effectively. Training on the use of writing strategies is needed for Indonesian students to support and help them write efficiently in English.                       

Social Annotation as Transcontextualization in Graduate Reading Practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-368
Author(s):  
Michelle Sprouse
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Reading Practices ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Think Aloud Protocols ◽  
Social Annotation

Abstract Graduate students must learn to read as professionals who move their reading work into spoken and written discourse. This study borrows Deborah Brandt and Katie Clinton's description of transcontextualizing moves to examine how graduate students use social annotation to develop as readers. Specifically, the study examines graduate reading practices through think-aloud protocols and archived annotations of three readers enrolled in a doctoral literacy seminar. Findings suggest that graduate readers may benefit from opportunities to reflect on how the technologies of annotation contribute to the transcontextualization of their reading across time and space.

scholarly journals The Manners Of Cognitive Processin Translating English Phrasal Verbs Into Indonesian

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Fitri Ervina Tarigan, Anni Holila Pulungan, Rahmad Husein
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
English Education ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Bilingual Students ◽  
State University ◽  
Phrasal Verbs ◽  
Think Aloud Protocols ◽  
Think Aloud Protocol ◽  
Recorded Observation

This study dealt with the cognitive process of students in translating English Phrasal Verbs into Indonesian  by using the think-aloud protocol (TAP) technique and introspective interview. The objectives of the study was1) to elaboratethe manner of cognitive processes occurring in translating English Phrasal Verbs into Indonesian . This research was conducted by descriptive qualitative design. The source of data was the bilingual students, they were sixth semester students of English Education Program  at State University of Medan. The source of data were taken by using Snowballing Technique.  The data consisted of the transcription of audio recorded observation of think-aloud protocols (TAP), and the transcription of interview. The findings showed that there are six  behaviors available during the process of translation done by the students, namely 1) reading the text, 2) alternating between the SL and the TL 3) monitoring the proposed translation, 4) consulting the dictionary 5) paraphrasing, and 6) translation. The cognitive processes occur when  the subjects 1) read the text, either they read the whole SL  or segment by segment, 2) kept repeating the term (the lexical) which indicates hesitation, questioning, and remembering the real meaning 3) were not able to make decision for an equivalent,  4) did not understand the meaning of verbs  and consult the dictionary, 6) tried to clarify a concept and reformulate a proposed translation by paraphrase, and 7) wrote down a translation and express it orally.

Vertalen Als Revisie

1998 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Hella Breedveld
Keyword(s):  
Writing Process ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Think Aloud Protocols ◽  
Writing Research ◽  
Cognitive Activities

The study of translation processes tends to focus on the local processes involved in finding translations for words or expressions in the source text. In order to find out which processes are involved in the production of a target text based on an existing source text in another language, translation studies may profit from models that have been developed in research on the writing process. Certain categories of cognitive activities found in research on the writing process can be used in the analysis of think-aloud protocols of the translation process. Especially the notion of revising, as developed in writing research, can help to understand how translators proceed in order to produce a good text in a target language.

scholarly journals Research Paper Writing Strategies of Professional Japanese EFL Writers

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuko Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic ◽  
Writing Process ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
L2 Writing ◽  
Writing Strategies ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Efl Writing ◽  
Japanese University

Four Japanese university professors were interviewed on their processes and strategies for writing a research paper in English as a Foreign language (EFL). The results show that these professional EFL writers use strategies similar to those used by skilled native English and proficient ESL writers as reported in previous studies, have an explicit view of writing as a nonlinear dynamic process and as a way of discovering meaning and ideas, supplement writing at the computer with writing with pen and paper, and basically do not rely on L1 Japanese in the EFL writing process. It was also found that their L2 research paper writing process is perceived as virtually equivalent to their L1 counterpart, which suggests that already existing L1 writing strategies transfer to L2 writing.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF L2 WRITING PROCESS AND WRITING STRATEGIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imelda Hermilinda Abas ◽  
Noor Hashima Abd Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Second Language Writing ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Writing Process ◽  
L2 Writing ◽  
Writing Strategies ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Language Writing ◽  
Oriented Approach

English for second language writing has developed greatly, from product oriented approach to process oriented approach. This implies that the focus of L2 writing has shifted from the final product of writing to the process of writing. Because of its own rules and conventions, writing skill is considered difficult to learn in a short period of time. Although it is a difficult skill, writing is essential for second language learners’ academic success. Second language researchers are still trying to find satisfactory answers to the how and why of the teaching of writing process to second language learners. More studies are needed to shed light on second language writing process area. This paper discusses briefly the writing process and the writing strategies employed by a few EFL proficient student writers in writing. It is found that the writing process stages employedin this study were prewriting, planning, drafting, pausing and reading, revising and editing which occurred non-linear and recursive. The writing strategies identified in the writing process stages were relating the topic to past knowledge and experience, taking the readers into consideration, talk-write, freewriting, outlining, listing, seeking help, using online materials, focusing on the mechanics of writing, and text organization. However, what works successfully for some students may not work well for others, and what functions well for one assignment may not be compatible for another.

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