“Makam” nasi: Language interference of a Japanese young learner in Indonesia

In acquiring the second language, children will use their first language knowledge as a base in their attempt of using a new language. This phenomenon is called language interference. This study aimed at identifying specific instances of language interference conducted by a bilingual child during her study in an international school. The subject was a 5-year-old Japanese child who was acquiring Indonesian as her second language. This study was a case study using a descriptive qualitative research method. Data collection was done through observation, interview and note-taking. Furthermore, the data in the form of utterances in Indonesian interfered by Japanese were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the most common type of language interference that occurred was phonological interference (16 examples), followed by lexical error (4 words) and grammatical error (5 sentences). In short, in this case, Japanese phonological interference with Indonesian pronunciation occurred more frequently than lexical error and grammatical error.

Tourism Vocational High School Students' Online EFL Learning Experience during COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aimed to explore the tourism vocational high school (VHS) students' experience of EFL learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative study was utilized to obtain 20 students' experience. The data were obtained from grades 10 and 11 students of tourism VHS in Yogyakarta. A semi-structured interview was conducted, and verbatim transcripts were analyzed using inductive and thematic analysis approaches. Three major themes were identified from the students' experiences, namely (a) how they conducted the EFL teaching and learning, (b) language learning strategies, and (c) perceptions of online EFL learning. It was found that students have made use of all available resources. This study suggests that students have used appropriate language learning strategies for online EFL learning, such as cognitive, metacognitive, resource management, and social strategies. Their perceptions toward EFL online learning were mainly positive. However, students still prefer face-to-face learning to online learning.

Analysis of the Influencing Factor of Vocational Education Students Career Decisions

Pemilihan karier merupakan pengambilan keputusan siswa atas dasar pemahaman potensi. Beberapa masalah lulusan sekolah kejuruan saat ini termasuk kurangnya kemampuan pengetahuan (potensi) diri; belum dapat memutuskan rencana setelah lulus, apakah bekerja, kuliah, atau wiraswasta; kekurangan pemahaman jenis pekerjaan; belum mampu menggabungkan potensi pekerjaan yang akan dipilih; dan belum bisa merencanakan kariernya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh efikasi diri, konsep diri, kematangan karir, kematangan vokasional dan orientasi karir siswa SMK dalam pengambilan keputusan karir. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah probability sampling. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI dan XII SMK di Sumatera, Jawa Tengah dan Yogyakarta. Teknik analisis data uji regresi berganda untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara efikasi diri karir, konsep diri, kematangan karir, kematangan vokasional dan orientasi karir siswa SMK dalam pengambilan keputusan karir sebesar 20,3%. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, pilihan karier siswa adalah dampak yang diberikan terhadap wawasan karier. BK dan BKK diharapkan mampu mengoptimalkan pelayanannya terkait mengenai berbagai informasi tentang dunia kerja, jumlah peluang kerja dan kualifikasi yang dibutuhkan untuk berbagai macam jenis profesi yang ada, sehingga siswa dapat menentukan pilihan karirnya secara mandiri. Career selection is a student's decision-making on the basis of understanding potential. Some of the problems of current vocational school graduates include lack of self-knowledge; not being able to decide after graduation, whether to work, study, or self-employed; lack of understanding of work; not being able to combine potential the job to be chosen; and have not been able to plan their career. The research aims to determine the effect of self-efficacy, self-concept, career maturity, vocational maturity, and career orientation of vocational students in making career decisions. The sampling technique used is probability sampling. The research subjects were students of Vocational High School classes XI and XII in Sumatra, Central Java, and Yogyakarta. The regression test data analysis techniques to determine the correlation between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence between career self-efficacy, self-concept, career maturity, vocational maturity, and career orientation of vocational students in career decision-making of 20.3%. Based on the research that has been done, students' career choice is the impact given to career spirit. BK and BKK are expected to be able to optimize their services related to various world information, the number of job opportunities, and qualifications needed for various professions, so that students can make independent choices.

On-Task and Off-Task Self-Assessment: Which Works Better on Young Learners’ Writing Performance?

The implementation of self-assessment might contribute to the young learners’ English proficiency and affective domain. Yet, there is still limited findings found for the effect on young learners’ writing performance. This experimental study investigated the effect of on-task and off-task self-assessment on young learners of English as a foreign language in Bali, Indonesia. 46 sixth graders participated in this study were required to do self-assessment in completing their writing prompt. A self-assessment checklist was used as the instrument. The on-task self-assessment group applies the self-assessment checklist at every stage of their writing process, namely pre-writing, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing. On the other hand, the off-task self-assessment group uses the self-assessment checklist before they start the writing process. Using independent samples t-test for hypothesis testing, it was found that there is no significant difference in both groups’ writing performance since the real probability that is due to sampling error is 0.194 which is bigger than the significance level of 0.05. Therefore, self-assessment could be implemented in on-task and off-task since it brings similar effect to the young learners’ writing performance.

The Analysis of Grammatical Errors in University Students’ Essays

This study aims to identify and analyze grammatical errors in student essays. In this case, every student's grammatical error consisting of errors in the use of diction, syntactic structure and meaning were identified and described in detail within the framework of the correct grammatical rules. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method because the data collected was in the form of language use, especially grammatical errors. The subject of this research is English Education Study Program students who joined essay writing courses. Meanwhile, the object of research was grammatical errors in student essays. The data were collected through the collection of student essays obtained from the end-of-semester test and interview guide. The percentage of grammatical errors made by students in their essays in sequence were as follows; fragments: 280 (17.5%), runs on: 235 (14.7%), verb forms and verb tense: 225 (14.1%), passive: 220 (13.8%), linking verb deletion: 160 (10 %), plural disagreement: 120 (7.5%), unclear reference: 115 (7.2%), proposition misuse 89: (5.6%), subject-verb disagreement: 80 (5%), and parallelism: 74 (4.6%). Grammatical errors that needed to be considered more seriously were parallelism and passivity, which, although they look low in percentage terms, for they were rarely used in student essays; but when both forms were present, the grammatical construction tended to be wrong. In addition, both forms were also difficult to understand, compared to other types of errors that could be learned quickly.

Teaching English During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-level Educators’ Perception

This study aims to analyze as well to investigate the phenomenon of teaching English online during the re-emerging pandemic situation forcing the teaching learning process to be re-implemented online. In this case, every layer of educational level can’t fail to be affected by the cataclysmic event, which is highlighted in this study. This turnout of event made the course of learning to be challenging not only for students who undergone the process, but also teachers who maintain the conduciveness of the classroom. Perspective from educators are considered required elements since the on-going process of knowledge transfer is at stake. The subjects were 10 cross-level English teachers situated in Java and Sumatera. Qualitative approach utilizing semi-structured interview method in obtaining the necessitated data was chosen as the best method and approach in the study. The participants mainly agreed with the online learning system, though they faced challenges like limited subsidiary quotas, students’ poor condition, students’ misbehavior and lack of better equipments. Besides various approaches and solution in facing the challenges, it was also known that writing was considered the most challenging to teach among the four basic skills.

Students' Perceptions of the Physics-Mathematical E-Module on Partial Differential Material Based on Gender

Based on the observations in mathematics physics I, several obstacles were found in teaching and learning activities such as the lack of teaching materials that were easily understood by students. This is because the main books used are books in English as a whole. Therefore, the researcher developed an electronic book, namely the e-module of mathematical physics I on partial differential material created using the 3D PageFlip Professional application. The type of research used is a comparative type of quantitative research. The population in this study were students of physics education class 2019 with a sample of 80 regular classes A and B. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using the IBM SPSS Statistic 25 application consisting of descriptive test, normality test, homogeneity test, and t-test. In the assumption test, the data is normally distributed and homogeneous so that a t-test can be performed. The t-test obtained a sig value of 0,043 for gender differences in class A, and 0,010 for gender differences in class B. So it can be concluded that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there are significant (significant) differences in perceptions based on gender in each. class A and B. Where the perception of female students is higher than the perception of male students, but overall students gave a good perception of the mathematics physics e-module on partial differential material.

Attitudes and Self-Efficacy: Perspectives on Science Subjects for Junior High School Students

This study aims to analyze the differences and also the relationship between attitudes and self-efficacy of students in science lessons. This research is important because in science lessons the teacher must know the attitudes and self-efficacy of students because they affect the learning process. This type of research is quantitative with comparative type. The number of respondents used as a sample is 74 students. The data collection technique used simple random sampling. The results of the study using the T test were that there were significant differences in the attitudes and self-efficacy of students in science lessons, both female students and male students. The results of the correlation test between students' attitudes and self-efficacy towards science subjects in grade 8A showed that the two variables (attitude and self-efficacy) were related. And the results of the correlation test in class 8B showed that the two variables (attitude and self-efficacy) were related. The urgency of this research is that teachers can find out the differences in attitudes and self-efficacy between male and female students. The novelty of this research compared to previous research is that it uses Attitude and self-efficacy variables, with different indicators from previous research.

COVID-19 Pandemic: Its Impact On Learning Motivation (The Fluctuation During Three Different Phases)

Education is a critical component that cannot be separated from an individual’s life. One of many important factors that could support, encourage, and give zeal in the learning process is motivation. The COVID-19 pandemic nowadays indirectly triggers a rapid and drastic change in the learning process, one of them being lecture that must be held online. This repeated cross-sectional research aimed to give a description regarding the fluctuation of students’ academic motivation level before, in the beginning, and until one-year after online learning. The data used in this study are primary and secondary data which are collected gradually and analyzed using Summary Independent Sample T-Test. The result of this research showed no significant differences in academic motivation before COVID-19 and during the early days of Learning from Home (µbefore = 4.777; µbeginning = 4.808; sig = 0.432), nevertheless, a significant decrease is observable one year after the online learning (µnow = 4.345; sigbefore = <0.001; sigbeginning = <0.001). The decrease in students’ academic motivation is certainly a crucial problem that is prioritized to be resolved. Hence, lecturers need to adapt with this change and create learning innovation in order to trigger students’ learning motivation.

A Survey of Process Skills Mathematics Learning in Elementary School

Learning is an important factor in the world of education. Learning is basically not only learning about concepts, theories and facts, but is more concerned with applications in everyday life. This research was conducted because there are problems with the process skills of students at the elementary school level, especially at the Masrasah Ibtidaiyah school. This study aims to analyze the differences and the relationship between students' process skills towards mathematics lessons with speed and discharge material. This study uses quantitative methods with associative and comparative types. The sampling technique used in this study used simple random sampling. From the results obtained by the T test, there is a significant difference in student process skills between elementary school (elementary school) and MIS (Masrasah Ibtidaiyah) students in learning mathematics with speed and discharge material. From the results of the correlation test, it is known that there is a relationship between the variables of students' process skills in SD and Masrasah Ibtidaiyah in mathematics with speed and discharge. In this case, it is proven by a significant value in accordance with the existing provisions.