scholarly journals Norwegian Festivals and a Music Economy in Transition, The art of balancing ambitions, expectations and limitations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Nordgård
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Be Stars ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Life On Mars ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
Bow Tie

Somewhere around 10.30 p.m., July 3rd, 2002, David Bowie enters the stage at Odderøya, Kristiansand to perform at the Quart-Festival as the headlining act of that year. The atmosphere was electric as 12,000 fans (sold out) welcome the biggest act yet to visit Norway’s biggest music festival. Bowie himself, wearing a loosened bow tie and a black and white suit, walks calmly to the front of the stage, takes a bow at his audience and opens what is considered a legendary concert in Kristiansand with ‘Life on Mars’. A long-time volunteer at the Quart-Festival, I was in that audience and, although not a devoted Bowie fan, I was deeply fascinated by his appearance. I remember his presence; the calm and the control Bowie exercised from when he entered the stage until he left. I remember the line of songs that I knew by heart – songs that have been canonised years ago. I also remember noticing the difference in appearance from Bowie and the number of ‘soon-to-be-stars’ and ‘could-have-been-stars’, struggling to attain momentum and attention on stage. Here was a star – a true legend. Both prior to, but mostly after David Bowie’s concert at the Quart-Festival in 2002, there was a vivid discussion among Norwegian festival managers and journalists on whether it was at all sustainable for festivals to give artist fees as big as that rumoured to be the case with David Bowie. There were concerns on whether a sacred line had been broken with regards to the size of his fee, as well as claims that Mr Bowie was considered a ‘stadium-artist’ and hence whether such artists were at all economically sustainable to present in Norwegian festival programmes. There was a concern to whether at all Norwegian festivals had the capacity to present artists on this level. Remarkably absent in the discussions of 2002, were any concerns related to ‘the other artists’, the names underneath the headlining acts; new audience behaviour; or a potentially changing role of the festival. In 2015, however, these issues are more apparent and in the following I will attempt to discuss them in relation to a set of interviews I did with three Norwegian festival managers in the spring of 2011. I will attempt to describe how the festivals have been affected by significant change taking place within the music industries and, in particular, seek to explore to what extent these changes have affected the role of the festival, and most important, to what extent such change is at all recognised by the festivals.

Identity, Community and Belonging in gcc States

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-428
Author(s):  
Miriam R. Lowi
Keyword(s):  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Project ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
National Community ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of

Studies of identity and belonging in Gulf monarchies tend to privilege tribal or religious affiliation, if not the protective role of the ruler as paterfamilias. I focus instead on the ubiquitous foreigner and explore ways in which s/he contributes to the definition of national community in contemporary gcc states. Building upon and moving beyond the scholarly literature on imported labor in the Gulf, I suggest that the different ‘categories’ of foreigners impact identity and the consolidation of a community of privilege, in keeping with the national project of ruling families. Furthermore, I argue that the ‘European,’ the non-gcc Arab, and the predominantly Asian (and increasingly African) laborer play similar, but also distinct roles in the delineation of national community: while they are differentially incorporated in ways that protect the ‘nation’ and appease the citizen-subject, varying degrees of marginality reflect Gulf society’s perceptions or aspirations of the difference between itself and ‘the other(s).’

Individual and Community: The Changing Role of Megaliths in the Orcadian Neolithic

1985 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niall Sharples
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Size Type ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Changing Role

This paper is an exploration of the chronological development of a series of elaborate and architecturally distinctive chambered tombs on the Islands of Orkney. It begins with a short critique of the present views of the Orcadian Neolithic and highlights a failure to understand chronological developments as the most significant problem. Thus after a brief classification of the monuments there is a detailed discussion of the chronological evidence which consciously avoids typological assumptions. This is followed by an examination of the various uses the tombs were put to and involves an assessment of the location and architectural visibility of the monuments and the remains found in the chamber. When combined with the chronological evidence a series of changes in monument size, type, location and use can be hypothesized for the neolithic period. This culminates in a shift away from burial monuments to physically defined spaces, presumably used for ceremonial purposes. These changes can be interpreted as deliberate manipulation by groups within that society to change the ideological concepts which defined the role of the individual in relation to the other members of the society.

Shadows of Black and White

2021 ◽  
pp. 178-206
Author(s):  
Leslie C. Gay Jr
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Recorded Sound ◽  
Musical Object ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
The One

This chapter considers the role of seen and unseen infrastructures in the material transmission and circulation of May Irwin’s (1862–1938) famous “Frog Song.” Just as ontologies of music shift in our digital era, the chapter peels back the hazy ontological histories of this song—as material commodity, technology, and memory—to consider its ramifications as a musical object replete with racial and social meanings. The argument developed here brings together aspects of the “hard” infrastructures of song sheet publishing, paper, and lithography, on the one hand, and the “soft” infrastructures of race, body, and memory, on the other. More specifically, the material resources of the song’s production—in printed page, body, and recorded sound—illuminate the shadowy histories of this song and emphasize how these materials reconfigure shifting notions of gender and race across cultural and historical boundaries into the twenty-first century.

How to put yourself in someone else’s shoes: The role of point-of-view in the interpretation of mixed messages

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
Nikos Vergis
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mixed Messages ◽  
Communicative Role ◽  
The Way

AbstractDoes having a communicative role other than the speaker’s make a difference to the way pragmatic meaning is construed? Standard paradigms in interpersonal pragmatics have implicitly assumed a speaker-centric perspective over the years, however modern approaches have re-considered the role of listener evaluations. In the present study, I examine whether assuming different communicative roles (speaker, listener, observer) results in varying interpretations. A web-based experiment revealed that participants who took the perspective of different characters in short stories differed in the way they interpreted what the speaker meant. In most cases, participants in the role of the listener interpreted speaker meaning in more negative ways than participants in the other roles. The present study suggests that the directionality of the difference (negative inferences under the listener’s perspective) could be explained by taking into account affective factors.

The Relation between Staphylocoagulase Reacting Factor and Proteins Induced by Vitamin K Absence

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Bas ◽  
A. D. Muller ◽  
H. G. Hemker
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Echis Carinatus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Factor Assay

Five different ways of estimating prothrombin are applied to the plasma of persons receiving vitamin K antagonists, to know: the one-stage assay, the two-stage assay, the Echis Carinatus Venom assay, the coagulase-reacting factor assay and the immunological assay. The Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence analogous to prothrombin (PIVKA-II) can be shown to be co-estimated in all but the one-stage assay. There are minor differences, however, between the other four tests. The most practical way to assess both prothrombin and PIVKA-II seems to be the coagulase-reacting factor assay. The difference between the one-stage assay and the others can be explained on basis of the new data on the role of vitamin K in prothrombin biosynthesis. The differences between the other tests are smaller and remain to be explained.

scholarly journals Human perception of shape from touch

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 (1581) ◽  
pp. 3106-3114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid M. L. Kappers
Keyword(s):  
Human Perception ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Stimulus Information ◽  
After Effects ◽  
First Order ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
After Effect ◽  
The Difference

In this paper, I focus on the role of active touch in three aspects of shape perception and discrimination studies. First an overview is given of curvature discrimination experiments. The most prominent result is that first-order stimulus information (that is, the difference in attitude or slope over the stimulus) is the dominant factor determining the curvature threshold. Secondly, I compare touch under bimanual and two-finger performance with unimanual and one-finger performance. Consistently, bimanual or two-finger performance turned out to be worse. The most likely explanation for the former finding is that a loss of accuracy during intermanual comparisons is owing to interhemispheric relay. Thirdly, I address the presence of strong after-effects after just briefly touching a shape. These after-effects have been measured and studied in various conditions (such as, static, dynamic, transfer to other hand or finger). Combination of the results of these studies leads to the insight that there are possibly different classes of after-effect: a strong after-effect, caused by immediate contact with the stimulus, that does only partially transfer to the other hand, and one much less strong after-effect, caused by moving over the stimulus for a certain period, which shows a full transfer to other fingers.

A Discrimination Based on Punishment

1952 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Dinsmoor
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
White Rats ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Avoidance Reactions ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Rate Of Response

Twelve white rats learned to press a bar or lever when this act was intermittently followed by pellets of food. Once a stable rate of pressing had been established, the animals were subjected to electric shock as a punishment for each response during alternate five minute periods within the experimental session. A difference in rates during the safe and punished phases was manifested both by the experimental group (8 rats), who were provided with a light as a signal when it was safe to respond, and also, contrary to expectation, by the control group (4 rats), who continued in darkness throughout the session. The differential responding by the control group was greatly reduced, however, when the duration of each phase was reduced from five minutes to one. The investigation was then continued to determine the role of some of the other factors in the situation. Increasing the severity of the shock increased the difference between the light and the dark rates. Withholding the pellets of food reduced the overall rates but did not affect the light-dark discrimination. Withholding the shock, on the other hand, permitted an increase in rate and caused the animals to lose their discrimination; when food had previously been withheld, however, so that the rate of response was relatively low, this deterioration in the discrimination was not as rapid as before. Restoration of the discrimination training under a lower hunger drive confirmed the finding that the formation of the discrimination was quite rapid and showed that the level of drive did not affect the proportionality between the rates in the light and in the darkness. These findings were interpreted by comparing the current procedure with those previously used in studies of avoidance reactions and conflict.

scholarly journals The role of the spirochaete in the Wassermann reaction

1939 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Rockefeller Foundation ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Absorption ◽  
Homologous Antigen ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Wassermann Reaction

1. The examination of 1100 sera by both the Wassermann reaction and the complement-fixation test with spirochaetes revealed a superior sensitivity of the latter reaction and practically equal specificity of the two tests.2. Syphilitic serum contains two different antibodies: one reacting with the lipoid antigen of the Wassermann reaction, the other with a specific antigen in the spirochaete.3. The spirochaetal antibody of syphilitic serum has a complex serological structure, corresponding to spirochaete strains of different antigenic make-up.4. The existence of this antibody and its specific absorption by the homologous antigen can also be demonstrated by agglutination.5. The difference between agglutinin titres found in normal and syphilitic sera is not pronounced enough to render this method satisfactory for the practical diagnosis of syphilis.6. The spirochaete contains, apart from its specific antigen, the ubiquitous lipoid substance representing the Wassermann antigen.7. A fraction was obtained from spirochaetes by Raistrick and Topley's method which in complement-fixation and precipitation tests reacted actively with spirochaete antisera from rabbits, but which so far failed to react with syphilitic sera.This work was carried out with the aid of a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation. I wish to thank Prof. Golla, Director of the Central Pathological Laboratory, L.C.C. Mental Hospitals, who rendered this work possible, and Dr Arthur Davies, Director of the Devonport Laboratory, for the hospitality afforded me at his laboratory and for the patients’ sera used in this work. I am indebted to Prof. R. T. Hewlett for his revision of the manuscript, to Prof. Raistrick for advice in chemical matters, and to Dr Amies, of the Lister Institute, for his help with the Sharples centrifuge.

Male and Female in the Homeric Poems

Ramus ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Rowan Beye
Keyword(s):  
Western World ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Female Relationships ◽  
General Conception ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Female Behaviour

The following is an investigation of the nature of women in the Homeric poems. It is generally accepted that epic figures are typical rather than individual, idiosyncratic personalities. So it is reasonable to assume that the women of the two poems represent the general conception of female behaviour held by Homer's audience. Even if the poems represent a tradition which was a long time in the making, it remains true that what appears within the poems must have made sense somehow to Homer's contemporary audience. And that is the sense we must seek.There has been very little said about the role of women in the Homeric epics. Discussion is bound to be uneven; women are glimpsed infrequently in the Iliad, whereas they are everywhere in the Odyssey. But this in itself perhaps offers insights into the nature of the difference between the two poems. In addition an analysis of the part women play in these poems helps to explain the continual appeal of the Iliad and the Odyssey. For the poems, like all truly great pieces of literature, say things that we humans need and want to hear. As is true of other facets of the poems the female characters are extraordinarily authentic. They manifest moods and psychological states which are true to women, at least in the Western world. Moreover the poems, especially the Odyssey, show with great profundity some important truths of male-female relationships. Whether these are inherent and never-changing or it is because women's situation has not much changed through the millenia is hard to say.

scholarly journals The Role of Memory in the Perception of the Screen Image

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Vitaly Fyodorovich Poznin
Keyword(s):  
Human Memory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Screen Image ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Artistic Image ◽  
Psychology Of Art

The article investigates one of the aspects of psychology of art, namely, the role of different types of human memory — sensory, long-time, short-time — in the forming of an artistic image in the perception of an audiovisual entity. The audience’s perception of such specific cinematic methods as pan shot and dolly shot, as well as different types of parallel, associative and distance montage rests on the peculiarities of our short-time and long-time memory. On the other hand, the complex polyphonic combination of various visual chronotopes in modern films is based on the imitation of memory typical for our dreams.

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