scholarly journals MRSA infected wounds in a community hospital in rural tropical Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gaus ◽  
Diego Herrera ◽  
Danny Larco
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Infected Wounds ◽  
Wound Type ◽  
Type Site ◽  
Antibiotic Coverage

<p align="justify"><em>Introduction</em>:  Although community acquired MRSA has been well described in many areas around the globe, little information is available about the prevalence of MRSA infections in rural areas of the Andean Region of South America.  This study characterizes wound infections from a rural community hospital in Ecuador.</p><p align="justify"><em>Methods</em>: A retrospective review of 235 bacterial isolates from infected wounds that included wound type, site, gender, etc...  </p><p align="justify"><em>Results</em>: Ninety-two (39.1%) isolates were <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>.  Of these, forty-two (44.7%) were methicillin resistant <em>S. aureus</em> (MRSA). </p><p align="justify"><em>Conclusion</em>: community acquired MRSA wound infections rates appear to warrant the use of empiric antibiotics that cover MRSA infections.  If wound infections reflect a bacterial epidemiology similar to that of skin and soft tissues infections, empiric anti-MRSA antibiotic coverage is also warranted.  In Ecuador, national antibiotic guidelines do not provide for such empiric coverage. </p>

scholarly journals A STUDY OF POST OPERATIVE WOUND INFECTION AND MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Sandeep Thakre ◽  
Chandrakala Dutt ◽  
Rajdhar Dutt ◽  
Pushpendra Jatav
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Infected Wounds ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
One Year ◽  
Clean Contaminated ◽  
Type Of Surgery

OBJECTIVE:-this study was designed to evaluate the postoperative wound Infection, common risk factors and the different organisms which were involved in cases of clean and clean-contaminated, contaminated and dirty surgeries. Method and materials: - The study was conducted in the department of surgery, JA group of hospital, Gwalior in collaboration with departmental of microbiology. G.R.MEDICAL COLLEGE GWALIOR. For duration of one year. The bio data of the patients, together with their clinical features, diagnosis, the type of surgery which was performed and the development of any complications, which included wound infections, was noted and the data was analyzed. RESULTS:-out of 150 patients, we found that age of more than 60 years was to be more risk factor 20%(5 of out of 25) and less risk factor to be present in below 20 years age group 8.33%(1 out of 12). The incidence amongst the clean case was 2.7 %(1 out of 36), among the clean contaminated cases , it was 9.3% (6 out of 64), among the contaminated cases it was 17.6%(3 out of 17), among the dirty cases , it was 24.2%(8 out of 33). Positive cultures were obtained from the infected wounds. The commonest bacterial isolates were staph aureus(32%), S.epid, E.coli, Ps.aureginosa, Klebseilla

scholarly journals A Capabilities-Led Approach to Assessing Technological Solutions for a Rural Community

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1398
Author(s):  
Xinfang Wang ◽  
Rosie Day ◽  
Dan Murrant ◽  
Antonio Diego Marín ◽  
David Castrejón Botello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Energy Services ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Technological Interventions ◽  
Solution Design ◽  
Improve Access

To improve access to affordable, reliable and sustainable energy in rural areas of the global south, off-grid systems using renewable generation and energy storage are often proposed. However, solution design is often technology-driven, with insufficient consideration of social and cultural contexts. This leads to a risk of unintended consequences and inappropriate systems that do not meet local needs. To address this problem, this paper describes the application of a capabilities-led approach to understanding a community’s multi-dimensional energy poverty and assessing their needs as they see them, in order to better design suitable technological interventions. Data were collected in Tlamacazapa, Mexico, through site visits and focus groups with men and women. These revealed the ways in which constrained energy services undermined essential capabilities, including relating to health, safety, relationships and earning a living, and highlighted the specific ways in which improved energy services, such as lighting, cooking and mechanical power could improve capabilities in the specific context of Tlamacazapa. Based on these findings, we propose some potential technological interventions to address these needs. The case study offers an illustration of an assessment method that could be deployed in a variety of contexts to inform the design of appropriate technological interventions.

Community Studies as Formative Evaluations for Citizens

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Marion Dobbert
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Community Studies ◽  
Evaluation Theory ◽  
Road Signs ◽  
Ghost Towns ◽  
General Store ◽  
Rural Depopulation

Evaluation has been defined by Blaine Worthen and J. R. Sanders (1973, Educational Evaluation: Theory and Practice. Worthington, Ohio: C.A. Jones Publishing Company, p. 19) as making a "determination of the worth of a thing." The thought of evaluating a community is one that, at first hearing, is likely to give any anthropologist a cold chill. But actually, communities are evaluated all the time; the evolutionary socioeconomic processes of a region continually, although impersonally, evaluate communities. In the process, some are selected to live and others to die and become ghost towns (or future archaeological discoveries). My region, Minnesota, Wisconsin and the Dakotas, is filled with towns that have been evaluated by this process. While they are not ghost towns, they have been reduced to two road signs announcing their names, a tavern, and a deserted general store. This type of evaluation is occurring through the rural areas of the world. It results in rural depopulation and the demise of rural community forms which have been highly valued historically. We might call this process a summative evaluation of a community—a very final one with little chance of successful appeal.

Experience with a Centrifugal Analyzer in a Rural Community Hospital

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Quentin C. Belles ◽  
Frederick R. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Community Hospital

scholarly journals China: A New Trajectory Prioritizing Rural Rather Than Urban Development?

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Hongzhang Xu ◽  
Jamie Pittock ◽  
Katherine A. Daniell
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
National Development ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Global Concern

The adverse effects of rapid urbanization are of global concern. Careful planning for and accommodation of accelerating urbanization and citizenization (i.e., migrants gaining official urban residency) may be the best approach to limit some of the worst impacts. However, we find that another trajectory may be possible: one linked to the rural development plan adopted in the latest Chinese national development strategy. This plan aims to build rural areas as attractive areas for settlement by 2050 rather than to further urbanize with more people in cities. We assess the political motivations and challenges behind this choice to develop rural areas based on a literature review and empirical case analysis. After assessing the rural and urban policy subsystem, we find five socio-political drivers behind China’s rural development strategy, namely ensuring food security, promoting culture and heritage, addressing overcapacity, emphasizing environmental protection and eradicating poverty. To develop rural areas, China needs to effectively resolve three dilemmas: (1) implementing decentralized policies under central supervision; (2) deploying limited resources efficiently to achieve targets; and (3) addressing competing narratives in current policies. Involving more rural community voices, adopting multiple forms of local governance, and identifying and mitigating negative project impacts can be the starting points to manage these dilemmas.

A renewed look at silver dressings for wound infections: Ag Oxysalts technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (Sup9) ◽  
pp. S26-S36
Author(s):  
Luxmi Dhoonmoon ◽  
Hayley Turner-Dobbin ◽  
Karen Staines
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Infected Wounds ◽  
Long Time

Wound infection is an important complicating factor in the wound healing process, and infections can be even more complex and difficult to manage in the case of wounds with biofilms. Silver has been used to treat infected wounds for a long time now, and the strength of the product depends on the number of Ag ions, where the greater the number of ions, the higher and faster the reactivity is. Ag Oxysalts technology—used in 3M Kerracontact Ag dressing—has three times more ions than standard silver dressings. The technology also does not show the typical disadvantages of silver, such as cytotoxicity and systemic toxicity. This article discusses the use of Ag Oxysalts technology for infected wounds and presents case studies to support the efficacy of this product in promoting wound healing.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis of a Cogeneration System for Post-Harvest Loss Reduction: A Case Study in Sub-Saharan Rural Community

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasaq Lamidi ◽  
Long Jiang ◽  
Yaodong Wang ◽  
Pankaj Pathare ◽  
Marcelo Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Electricity Tariff

Over 90% of global yam production is from West Africa where it provides food and income for above 300 million smallholders’ farmers. However, the major challenge of yam is 10–40% post-harvest losses due to the lack of appropriate storage facilities. This paper assesses a biogas-driven cogeneration system, which could supply electricity and cold storage for ‘yam bank’ within a rural community. Considering 200 households’ Nigerian village as a case study, crop residues are used as anaerobic digestion feedstock to produce biogas, which is subsequently used to power an internal combustion engine. Result shows that the system could store 3.6 tonnes of yam tubers each year and provide enough electricity for domestic and commercial activities. At the current electricity tariff of USD0.013·kWh−1 for rural areas, the system is unable to payback during its life span. The proposed USD0.42·kWh−1 by Nigerian Rural Electrification Agency seems good with less than 3 years discounted payback period but brings about extra burden on poor rural households. Based on the income from cold storage, electricity tariff of USD0.105·kWh−1 with an interest rate of 4% is suggested to be reasonable which results in 6.84 years discounted payback period especially considering non-monetary benefits of renewable energy system.

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