Internationalism versus Statism and Globalism

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Risse
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Context Of Discovery ◽  
Plausible Theory

This chapter examines contemporary debates about statism and globalism. Statists need a necessary condition for justice to apply. They must tell us what it is about states that renders such principles applicable, and does so only in states. The quest for such a condition ends inconclusively. This result leads to a pluralist view of the grounds of justice. To use a distinction from the philosophy of science, the debate among versions of statism turns out to be a context of discovery for internationalism as a contender for a plausible theory of global justice. The chapter proceeds by discussing the most prominent version of globalism, the view defended by Charles Beitz, who argues that John Rawls' principles hold globally. To engage with Beitz, the chapter considers the merits of relationism and then suggests that Rawls' principles do not apply to the global order.

scholarly journals The Trade Regime Complex and Megaregionals – An Exploration from the Perspective of International Domination

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Brandi
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Democratic Deficit ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Transatlantic Trade ◽  
Regime Complex ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
Institutional Fragmentation

Megaregional trade negotiations have become the subject of heated debate, above all in the context of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) and the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). In this article, I argue that the justice of the global order suffers from its institutional fragmentation into regime complexes. From a republican perspective, which aspires to non-domination as a guiding principles and idea of global justice, regime complexes raise specific and important challenges in that they open the door to specific forms of domination. I thereby challenge a more optimistic outlook in regime complexes, which paints a positive normative picture of regime complexes, arguing that they enable the enhancement of democracy beyond the state and, consequently, have the potential to reduce the democratic deficit in global governance. By drawing attention to how regime complexes reinforce domination-related injustice, this article contributes an original perspective on megaregionals and to exploring the implications of global justice as non-domination.

The Grounds of Justice

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Risse
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Systematic Theory ◽  
Comprehensive View ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
Pluralist Approach

This book explores the question of what it is for a distribution to be just globally and proposes a new systematic theory of global justice that it calls pluralist internationalism. Up to now, philosophers have tended to respond to the problem of global justice in one of two ways: that principles of justice either apply only within states or else apply to all human beings. The book defends a view “between” these competing claims, one that improves on both, and introduces a pluralist approach to what it terms the grounds of justice—which offers a comprehensive view of obligations of distributive justice. It also considers two problems that globalization has raised for political philosophy: the problem of justifying the state to outsiders and the problem of justifying the global order to all.

15. Development Aid and Global Justice

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-232
Author(s):  
William Abel ◽  
Elizabeth Kahn ◽  
Tom Parr ◽  
Andrew Walton
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Do So

This chapter examines whether affluent states should commit significant funds to alleviate poverty abroad. It argues not only that they should, but also that their duties to those who live in poverty go far beyond this. This argument in favour of development aid is based on the idea that an individual has a duty to prevent something very bad from happening when they can do so at little cost to themselves. The chapter then highlights that the global order plays a significant role in the persistence of global poverty, and this further supports the case for development aid. It also considers the claim that states should prioritize meeting the claims of their own members ahead of the claims of those who live abroad. The chapter shows that, even if this is true, it does not undermine the case for committing significant funds to alleviate global poverty.

Justice and authority in the global order

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 2059-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
TERRY NARDIN
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Global Order ◽  
International Legal Order ◽  
Principles Of Justice

AbstractThe global justice debate has largely ignored law. But that debate presupposes a legal order within which principles of justice could be implemented. Paying attention to law alters our understanding of global justice by requiring us to distinguish principles that are properly prescribed and enforced within a legal order from those that are not. Given that theories of global governance depreciate law and that cosmopolitan and confederal theories are utopian, the most promising context for a realistic global justice discourse is one that is focused on strengthening, not transcending, the international legal order.

Global Gender Justice

2020 ◽  
pp. 336-361
Author(s):  
Alison M. Jaggar
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Gender Justice ◽  
Political Responsibility ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Philosophical Work

This chapter surveys the rapidly expanding philosophical work on global gender justice. The chapter clarifies some central themes, beginning by identifying several structural features of the current global order which are facially gender-neutral but are profoundly reshaping global gender relations and divisions of labor. The feminization of the global labor force raises questions about the justice of migration for gendered employment such as sex and domestic work as well as the international trade in procreative services. The chapter also touches briefly on some gendered implications of environmental degradation. It raises epistemological questions about identifying, measuring, and explaining gender injustice and discusses how political responsibility for addressing injustices should be assigned. Overall, the chapter shows that gender concerns are integral to most aspects of global justice and that reflection on these sheds new light on some central issues of global justice.

Preventing Military Humanitarian Intervention? John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas on a Just Global Order

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Kreide
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Global Order ◽  
International Debate ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Negative Rights

We rarely witness wars between states anymore but this does not mean that there are fewer conflicts or less injustice worldwide. The contrary is true. More people than ever have become a victim of civil wars, other sub-state armed conflicts and genocide during recent years. The international community disagrees about how to react to gross human rights violations that occur in the course of these “new wars”: whereas some think this is a genuine task for the United Nations, others stress the argument of unrestrained national sovereignty as essential condition for international peace. Despite unceasing contestation, foreign interventions are nevertheless increasingly seen as an appropriate response to this kind of armed domestic conflicts – at least under certain conditions. The latest testimony in this direction is the emergence of an intense international debate over the “responsibility to protect”, which seeks to justify military invention in cases of a severe violation of individual negative rights of freedom.

Global justice propositions and the moral duty to tackle global poverty

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Asaad Abdullwahab AbdulKarim
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Moral Duty ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Public Benefit

Justice is opposed to the laws of Socrates, which is equality in Aristotle. It means the organization of the powers of the soul at Plato. The public benefit is the original and only source of justice at Hume. It means happiness at Bentham and vice versa. From the contractual theories of Locke, Russo and Kant, we find that the American philosopher John Rawls designed his theory of justice to apply to the infrastructure of society based on the principle of equality and the regulation of social inequality

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Tim Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Global Justice ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Ecological Sustainability ◽  
Global Order ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Normative Framework ◽  
Private Profit ◽  
Global Financial System

Introducing the themes of the book, this chapter emphasizes that while we are aware of money’s powers, most of us do not generally reflect on how it comes to have these or how they are governed. The first part of the book examines the challenges presented by a global financial system that tends to impede real productivity, exacerbate inequalities, undermine ecological sustainability, and incentivize warfare. The middle chapters consider how recent proposals by political philosophers of modest institutional reforms to achieve global justice through redistribution could be thwarted by the workings of finance in reality. For the problem, as investigated in the later chapters, is that the institutions of the private profit-driven global financial system have been organized more quickly and completely as a normative framework for global order than any political arrangements aimed at promoting public interests in justice and sustainability.

scholarly journals Poverty Alleviation, Global Justice, and the Real World

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Brown
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Peter Singer ◽  
The Real ◽  
Past Work ◽  
Thomas Pogge

The modern literature on responding to global poverty is over fifty years old and has attracted the attention of some of the most prominent analytical political theorists of the age, including Brian Barry, Charles Beitz, Simon Caney, Thomas Pogge, John Rawls, and Peter Singer. Yet in spite of this extraordinary concentration of brainpower, the problem of global poverty has quite clearly not been solved or, indeed, adequately defined. We are therefore entitled to ask two questions of any new contribution to this literature: first, what does it have to offer that past work does not; and second, what reason is there to think that, this time, it will truly make a difference. These questions will be posed below, but before undertaking this task it may be useful to offer an overview of the field, with particular attention to why the problem of global poverty seems so intractable.

On the Problem of Theoretical Terms in Empirical Computational Linguistics

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Riezler
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
Data Annotation ◽  
Related Data ◽  
In The Wild

Philosophy of science has pointed out a problem of theoretical terms in empirical sciences. This problem arises if all known measuring procedures for a quantity of a theory presuppose the validity of this very theory, because then statements containing theoretical terms are circular. We argue that a similar circularity can happen in empirical computational linguistics, especially in cases where data are manually annotated by experts. We define a criterion of T-non-theoretical grounding as guidance to avoid such circularities, and exemplify how this criterion can be met by crowdsourcing, by task-related data annotation, or by data in the wild. We argue that this criterion should be considered as a necessary condition for an empirical science, in addition to measures for reliability of data annotation.

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