From One Colonialism to Another

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Mattingly
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Essential Point ◽  
Roman Archaeology ◽  
British Military ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Modern Context ◽  
Modern Experience ◽  
Remote Past ◽  
Made In

This chapter demonstrates how theories of modern and ancient colonialism have become interwoven and how this has affected the development of Roman archaeology in the independent countries of the Maghreb. Morocco (1956), Algeria (1963), and Tunisia (1957) gained their independence from France. The Italians held Libya (or parts of it) from 1911 until 1942, when the country fell under the British Military Administration until independence was achieved in 1951. There are inevitably “discrepant experiences” of imperialism and colonialism in the modern context, far from positive for the indigenous people (though nationalist movements grew out of resistance), while some of the old colons still peddle the myth about a lost golden age. It is inevitable in these circumstances that the modern experience should have an impact on the debate about the more remote past. The essential point made in this chapter is that all these different viewpoints must be understood in their modern as well as ancient contexts and that however wrongheaded some theories now appear we should not exclude them from debate.

scholarly journals Discussion on the structure of atomic nuclei

1929 ◽  
Vol 123 (792) ◽  
pp. 373-390 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Essential Point ◽  
Whole Numbers ◽  
Atomic Nuclei ◽  
Whole Number ◽  
Nuclear Atom ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Made In

Sir Ernest Rutherford: It was on March 19, 1914, that the Royal Society held its last discussion on the constitution of the atom—just fifteen years ago. I had the honour to open the discussion on that occasion, and the other speakers were Mr. Moseley, Profs. Soddy, Nicholson, Hicks, Stanley Allen, S. P. Thomp­son. In my opening remarks I put forward the theory of the nuclear atom and the evidence in support of it, while Mr. Moseley gave an account of his X-ray investigations, which defined the atomic numbers of the elements, and showed how many gaps were present between hydrogen number 1 and uranium number 92. Prof. Soddy drew attention to the existence of isotopes in the radioactive series, and also to a remarkable observation by Sir Joseph Thomson and Dr. Aston, who had obtained two parabolas in the positive ray spectrograph of neon, and he suggested that possibly the ordinary elements might also consist of mixture of isotopes. I think you will find that the remarks and suggestions made in this discussion fifteen years ago have a certain pertinence to-day. In particular Hicks and Stanley Allen drew attention to the importance of taking into account the magnetic fields in the nucleus, although at that time we had very little evidence on that point, and even to-day our information is very scanty. What has been accomplished in the intervening period ? On looking back we see that three new methods of attack on this problem have been developed. The first, and in some respects the most important, has been the proof of the isotopic constitution of the ordinary elements, and the accurate determination of the masses or weights of the individual isotopes, mainly due to the work of Dr. Aston. This has led in a sense to an extension of the original ideas of Moseley. The experiments of the latter fixed the number of possible nuclear charges, while Aston has shown that there are a large number of species of atoms each defined by its nuclear charge, although their masses and their nuclear constitution may be different. The essential point brought out in the earlier work of Dr. Aston was that the masses of the elements are approxi­mately expressed by whole numbers, where oxygen is taken as 16—with the exception of hydrogen itself. But the real interest, as we now see it, is not the whole number rule itself, but rather the departures from it.

Archaeology in the Dodecanese, 1939–46

1945 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. French
Keyword(s):  
British Military ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Golden Opportunity ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
New Buildings ◽  
Do So

Archaeological work was carried out by the Italians in the Dodecanese up to September, 1943, and excavations were then still in progress both on Rhodes and Cos. On the Italian surrender at that date the Germans occupied the islands, and their restrictions on movement made all archaeological work impossible. During the British Military Administration numerous finds were made, but work was concentrated on preservation, and excavation was only undertaken when it was clearly essential to do so. In the Walled City of Rhodes the clearance of several large bombdamaged areas presents a golden opportunity to excavate into the levels of the Greek and Roman cities which have hitherto been all too well hidden by the medieval and Turkish buildings. It is to be hoped that something may be done to this end before the areas are covered over again by new buildings. I am indebted for most of the information contained in this article to Professor Morricone of the Instituto Storico-Archeologico di Rodi who also supplied Fig. 2.

The Anglo-Ethiopian treaty of 1902

1967 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwakd Ullendorff
Keyword(s):  
British Military ◽  
Military Administration

The Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1902 was designed to determine the frontier between the Sudan and Ethiopia. In an annex to this treaty the British, Italian, and Ethiopian Governments embodied a number of agreed modifications to the frontier between the Sudan and Eritrea (Italy's colonia primogenita) as well as to that between Ethiopia and Eritrea. While the latter survived until the Italo-Ethiopian war of 1935–6 (and was re-established, in substance, by the British Military Administration in 1941 subsisting until the Ethiopian-Eritrean federation in 1952), the Sudan-Ethiopian frontier has remained substantially unchanged to the present day. The treaty was the culmination of protracted negotiations between the Emperor Menelik and the British Agent in Ethiopia, Lt.-Col. J. L. Harrington.

scholarly journals En torno al tapíz intitulado Speculum Humanae Vitae que fue de Doña Emilia Pardo Bazán

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amparo López Redondo
Keyword(s):  
Golden Age ◽  
Siglo De Oro ◽  
Emilia Pardo Bazan ◽  
Humanae Vitae ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
Emilia Pardo Bazán ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In ◽  
Golden Age Literature

En este artículo se presenta un tapiz intitulado speculum humanae vitae, custodiado en el Museo de Bellas Artes de la Coruña, indicándose que la fuente de inspiración del mismo fue un grabado xilográfico al claro obscuro, obra de Andrea Andreani (Mantua 1560-1623), inspirado en un dibujo de Fortunio hecho en Siena en 1588. Se establece la relación del mismo con la Biblia y con la literatura del Siglo de Oro y finalmente se aventura el posible uso de éste desde su manufactura hasta la actualidad indicando que perteneció a Doña Emilia Pardo Bazán. This article presents a tapestry intitled Speculum humanae vitae wich belongs to the Museo de Bellas Artes from La Coruña.Inspired by a chiaroscuro engraving by Andrea Andreani (Mantua 1560-1623) based on a drawing by Fortunio made in Siena in 1588, this article analyzes its iconography and explicative inscriptions, concluding that this piece belongs to the Counter- Reformation current as opposed to the category oí Reformation vanitas. The relationship between the tapestry and the Bible as well as Golden Age Literature will be discussed. Finally, the functions of this piece from its production and until the present will be postulated noting that it belonged to Doña Emilia Pardo Bazán.

Indigenous languages of southeast Australia, revitalization and the role of education

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Language Revitalization ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Southeast Australia ◽  
Made In

Abstract The Indigenous languages of southeast Australia have often been written off as a hopeless cause in current debates about language revitalization. In this paper we question this pessimism and report on some of the progress that has been made in recent years. It will be shown that revitalization is not only possible but contributes to the strength of identity of Indigenous people and to a heightened awareness for other Australians. We consider the role of education in this process and conclude with some thoughts on the appropriate contribution of the academy.

«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-177
Author(s):  
M. V. Belov ◽  
S. V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Functional Model ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Politics Of Memory ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Politics ◽  
British Military ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
National Reconciliation ◽  
Official Status

The article is devoted to the Bleiburg myth in the politics of memory in modern Croatia. In mid-May 1945 the contingents which were trying to move to the West and avoid the possible reprisals against them by the victorious communists were transferred to the Yugoslav partisans by the British military administration. Among them prevailed the members of Croatian Ustasha and Slovene Home Guard, but there were also representatives of other nationalities of Yugoslavia. Soon after the war all the victims of the massacres that took place in 1945 and those who died from hunger and illness during the transfer were Croatized through the efforts of the Croatian emigration. After the collapse of Yugoslavia and during the war (1991–1995), the Bleiburg myth began to acquire official status. The return of Ustasha soldiers as heroes to the public sphere under F. Tudjman was due to the concept of «national reconciliation», which was carried out not through awareness of guilt and acceptance of responsibility for the crimes committed, but through their full or partial justification.The first part of the article reviews the research literature on the Bleiburg myth, the stages of its formation and functional significance. The second part examines the public debate around the Sarajevo mass for the murdered and other commemorative events in the anniversary in May 2020. They are compared with the evaluations of the Bleiburg narrative-ritual complex expressed in the literature.The 75th anniversary of Bleiburg commemorated in an atmosphere of fatigue from the restrictions due to the coronavirus pandemic and on the eve of the Croatian parliamentary elections, demonstrated deep social division, the contested character of history and the political interest in discussing this tragedy. Comparison of the research literature with publications in the mass press indicates the obviousness of the functional model of the Bleiburg myth for a significant segment of Croatian society. Although the demand for renewal of the memorial repertoire seems to have increased, it is still not enough for the transition to the new politics of memory.

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