Suspending Spheres, Suspending Disbelief: Hegel’s Antigone, Craik’s Crimea, Woolf’s Three Guineas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tricia Lootens
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Willingness To Accept ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Phenomenology Of Spirit ◽  
Separate Spheres ◽  
Three Guineas

This chapter examines the capacity of suspended spheres to help figure otherwise mysterious acts of political, intellectual, historical denial. Building on Bonnie Honig's critique of current democratic theory's willingness to accept what she terms the “Antigone effect,” it considers what histories of evasion might help explain current democratic theorists' apparent willingness to keep positioning Antigone as heroic figure for femininity's relations to the State, without ever asking about Antigone's slaves. The chapter analyzes two texts,G.W.F. Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit and Virginia Woolf's Three Guineas, as well as Dinah Mulock Craik's Crimean War poems, to identify forms of analysis that might help expose and denaturalize the allure of suspending spheres, the satisfactions of continuing to pretend that race plays no role within the maintenance of even the most abstract “State-free zones.” Finally, it shows how sentimental poetry can be employed to articulate the workings of a spatialized trope of separate spheres.

Spying on the Russians: Archibald Douglas and HMS Egeria at Petropavlovsk, 1877–1878

Polar Record ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (172) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Ian R. Stone
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Royal Navy ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
The Balkans

AbstractThe period 1877–1878 was one of tension between Britain and Russia caused by the Russo-Turkish War and the consequent threat to the route to India. The Royal Navy was deployed to deter the Russians in seas adjacent to the Balkans, but also undertook intelligence gathering missions further afield. Two of these were to Petropavlovsk in sub-Arctic Kamchatka and were undertaken by Commander A.L. Douglas in HMS Egeria. The British, with their French allies, had sustained a serious defeat there during the Crimean War and wished to ascertain the state of Russian defences should there be fresh hostilities. In the event, Douglas discovered that the Russians had abandoned Petropavlovsk as a fortified post and that there was no garrison. His reports were, therefore, negative, but included interesting information concerning Petropavlovsk in this era.

scholarly journals Wilful entanglements: Extractive industries and the co-production of sovereignty in Mozambique

Ethnography ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Extractive Industries ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
Extractive Industry ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Separate Spheres ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Industry Sector

This article looks at how actors commonly associated with the separate spheres of the state, private industry, and civil society, are engaging in wilful entanglements to improve the Mozambican state’s capacities in managing the country’s nascent extractive industry sector. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in and around the Ministry of Mineral Resources and Energy, the article suggests that these entanglements renegotiate and co-produce ideas and practices of the state. Historicising and ethnographically unpacking these interactions invites us to rethink one-dimensional accounts of a hollowing out of bounded, nation-state sovereignty under the influence of globalised capitalism.

Violent Civil Disobedience and Willingness to Accept Punishment

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Moraro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
The State ◽  
Willingness To Accept ◽  
Main Claim ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
Open Question

It is still an open question whether or not Civil Disobedience (CD) has to be completely nonviolent. According to Rawls, “any interference with the civil liberties of others tend to obscure the civilly disobedient quality of one's act”. From this Rawls concludes that by no means can CD pose a threath to other individuals' rights. In this paper I challenge Rawls' view, arguing that CD can comprise some degree of violence without losing its “civil” value. However, I specify that violence must not be aimed at seriously injuring, or even killing, other individuals. This would contravene the communicative aspect of CD. The main claim is that what really is important is that the civil disobedients be willing to accept the punishment following their law-breaking behaviour. By doing so, they demonstrate the conscientiousness of their civilly disobedient action. This also shows that they are aiming for future cooperation with the State, and are expecting the State to be sensitive to their concern for the principles of justice.

scholarly journals Avoiding the Pestilence of the State: Some Thoughts on Niche Construction, Heritage, and Sacred Waterworks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wengrow
Keyword(s):  
Niche Construction ◽  
The State ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Separate Spheres ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
Traditional Irrigation ◽  
The Relationship

The egalitarian character of traditional irrigation ( subak ) systems in Bali has been widely documented and discussed by anthropologists, historians, and archaeologists. In a recent study, Stephen Lansing and Karyn Fox considered how the principles of niche construction theory might help to understand the genesis of these systems, as well as certain of their institutional characteristics. Here I discuss how this approach might be extended, to include the relationship between subak systems and the hierarchical organization of the Balinese state, within which they exist. Just as the logistics of subak irrigation work to maintain a symbiosis between rice farmers and the non-human predators (e.g. crop-pests) which surround them, so the ritual elaboration of the agrarian calendar works as a kind of cultural camouflage against the parasitical interests of the state. In theory, these ecological and institutional dimensions of subak may seem to pertain to quite separate spheres of Balinese life. In practice, I suggest, they are intertwined aspects of a single system, which allowed the subak to survive from their origins in the 11 th century AD, down to their recent inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

«ARCHEOLOGY AND THE CRIMEAN WAR. EPISODES»: THE MATERIALS OF UNDERWATER RESEARCH AND EXPIERENCE OF CREATING AN EXHIBITION IN THE STATE MUSEUM-RESERVE «TAURIC CHERSONESE»

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) (1) ◽  
pp. 46-62
Author(s):  
A. A. Bukatov ◽  
T. A. Prokhorova
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
The State ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
Unique Information ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Xix Century

During excavations on the territory of the Heraclean Peninsula and during underwater research in the bays of Sevastopol, archaeologists are faced with a large number of materials related to one of the most ambitious and, without exaggeration, tragic events of the mid-XIX century – the Eastern (Crimean) War, more precisely, with episodes of its Crimean campaign in 1854–1855. The territory of the State Museum-Reserve «Tauric Chersonese» was the scene of this military confrontation, which directly affected the conduct of archaeological work on the territory of Chersonesos and the fate of its researchers. The ancient ruins, or so called «ancient foundations», marked on military maps next to the positions and locations of the troops, were the scenery for this drama. The enemy ships anchored in the bays of the Heracleian Peninsula – the places of ancient harbors. By sea, following the ancient shipping routes, the supply of troops was carried out, the individual episodes of battles unfolded in the coastal waters. Underwater archaeological finds of this period, which have preserved a lot of interesting and unique information, are rather poorly represented in museum expositions. The study of the Crimean War from the point of archeology view is a very promising direction for further research. How and by whom the excavations were conducted during the war, and what the Crimean War left for researchers in the archaeological sense, are only the main topics of possible research. The study of literature and sources, archaeological finds serve as an additional confirmation of this.

A Return to the Philosophy of Praxis

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lopez
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Phenomenology Of Spirit ◽  
Proletarian Revolution

AbstractI reviewThe Philosophy of Praxisby Andrew Feenberg, firstly, presenting a critical yet sympathetic summary of Feenberg’s argument, developed via Marx, Lukács and Marcuse. Despite sharing Adorno’s and Marcuse’s dismissal of proletarian revolution, he finds aspects of Marx and particularly Lukács compelling. Upon this synthesis he builds his own philosophy. Secondly, I argue that Feenberg’s treatment of Lukács’s 1920s work is unparalleled and may counter the systematic distortion to which it has been subject. He defends Lukács’s ontology with respect to nature and his politics, countering the charge of authoritarianism. Finally, I suggest that Feenberg tends to elide the analysis of the state and politics in Marx and Lukács, and that this distorts his understanding of the latter. I suggest a Hegelian interpretation of Lukács’s concept of mediation by way of parallel withThe Phenomenology of Spirit. I conclude by suggesting the implications of this disagreement.

Two Concepts of State in the Tanzimat Period: the Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane and the Hatt-ı Hümayun

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Butrus Abu-Manneh
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
The State ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
The Government ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Turkish Society

This article suggests dividing the Tanzimat period into two phases each run by a different elite. Phase one extended from 1839 to 1854 and phase two between 1855 and 1871 after which the Sublime Porte entered a few years of instability. The traditional ruling class left over from the period of Sultan Mahmud Ii controlled the state after him. Its major contribution was the promulgation of the Hatt-ı Şerif of Gülhane, the aim of which was to end absolute rule and restore justice in the government system. However failing to check the drift into the Crimean War this traditional ruling class lost power in favour of a new ruling elite whose members belonged to a lower-middle or lower classes, and who as such represented social mobility within Ottoman Turkish society.

scholarly journals “Appearance and the Supersensible World”: Emptiness of the Biopolitical Critique of Power

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
Rok Svetlič
Keyword(s):  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Central State ◽  
Phenomenology Of Spirit ◽  
Science Of Logic ◽  
Democratic Culture ◽  
Regulative Principle ◽  
The World ◽  
Explanatory Mechanism

This paper takes up for its subject the specific explanatory mechanism of biopolitical discourse. By drawing on two concepts from Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel’s philosophy, it argues that this type of discourse creates no hermeneutical surplus. The first concept can be found in Phenomenology of Spirit, in the chapter “Force and Understanding: Appearance and the Supersensible World”, and the second in The Science of Logic in the chapter “Formal Ground”. It will be demonstrated that the biopolitical critique of power does not distinguish between explicandum and explicans – at its core, it enacts a tautology. It takes merely one moment out of a complex phenomenon under interpretation (this being a moment of negativity), which is in fact common to all phenomena. Then it takes this moment to be the regulative principle guiding the dynamics of the interpreted phenomenon. The problem of this method of explaining is not that it is wrong, but that it is always true. Tautology is an empty always-truth. From beginning to end of this paper, biopolitical discourse is understood from the perspective of trust in the State organism as a central State-building virtue of the democratic culture. Ultimately, the paper shows that biopolitics is just one way of taking oneself out of the thought of the world, which inevitably inhibits the ability of the State to provide for the basic needs of the population.

The Crimean War in the Reception of Egor Kovalevsky and Leo Tolstoy

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-172
Author(s):  
Elena V. Aleksandrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
The State ◽  
Leo Tolstoy ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bright Feature

The article examines typological intersections between the early works of Leo Tolstoy and the works of the 1850s of Egor Kovalevsky. The theme “Egor Kovalevsky and Leo Tolstoy” has not been studied comprehensively and systematically in Russian literary criticism. The research develops from the history of personal relationships between the writers during the Danube Campaign and the Sevastopol events to a comparative study of the writers’ works created during the Crimean Campaign. Tolstoy’s “Sevastopol in December” and in Kovalevsky’s “The Bombing of Sevastopol” reflected the similarities in the authors’ concepts, themes and images. The article justifies that the central theme developed in the writers’ oeuvre was a person and their role in history. Similarities and differences in the portrayal of the heroic events of the defense of Sevastopol by the writers are considered. Kovalevsky’s essay and Tolstoy’s first story are closely linked by one idea – the sense of civic exaltation, national identity. In describing the Russian soldier, his character, the heroism of the defenders of Sevastopol, the writers follow the “truth of life”. Kovalevsky captures the names of the direct participants in the war. With one detail or episode of the last minutes of their lives, Kovalevsky draws the reader’s attention to the “ordinary heroes” of Sevastopol, emphasizing the importance of their individual feat. Tolstoy’s heroes, on the contrary, are nameless: it is the general mood of the defenders of Sevastopol that is important for the writer. There are common features in the narrative manner of the two writers: ways of depicting heroes, accuracy and imagery of landscape sketches. A few strokes and precise details convey the state of Sevastopol. The mood associated with the state of the city is emphasized by the details of the landscape. The similarity in describing the heroes’ and the narrator’s psychology is expressed through the image of fog. The features of the authors’ creative manner and the role of the narrator are analyzed. There is an obvious difference in the creative methods of Kovalevsky and Tolstoy. Describing real details with historical accuracy, Kovalevsky paints a romantic picture with bright “strokes”. Kovalevsky uses concrete real details most often as a way to emphasize a bright feature he has noted in life, while Tolstoy seeks to show (highlight) the quality of life rather than its specific feature. The difference between Kovalevsky’s essay and Tolstoy’s story is also in the assessment of the historical event. Describing the bombing of Sevastopol as a historian, Kovalevsky does not abandon moral and political generalizations. Thus, the manner of narration and the ways of depicting heroes testify that both Tolstoy and Kovalevsky solve one problem with different artistic means – to truthfully portray the reality and the person as the “center of history”. In search of a true depiction of Sevastopol, Kovalevsky, a historian and romantic writer, moved towards realism embodied in Leo Tolstoy’s story.

Casualties of Conflict: Crimean Tatars during the Crimean War

Slavic Review ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 866-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Kozelsky
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
State Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Complex State ◽  
Intelligence Operations

During the Crimean War, Crimean Tatars were charged en masse with collaborating with the Allies. At the war's conclusion, nearly 200,000 Tatars left the peninsula to relocate in the Ottoman empire. Mara Kozelsky contributes to an understanding of this critical episode in the Crimean War by examining secret surveillance documents, a collection that records complex state attitudes toward Tatars from the Allied landing on the Crimean coast to the Treaty of Paris. These documents reveal that intelligence operations provided no evidence of a collective Tatar guilt and instead testified to the diversity of pressures on state policies toward subject populations on the front lines of battie. Shifting wartime conditions, religious tensions, and repeated crises at the front highlighted unresolved debates about religion and loyalty to the state. Some officials recommended deporting the Tatars, others encouraged their migration, and still others advocated on the Tatars’ behalf.

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