scholarly journals Efficacy of Split-Dosing versus Conventional Bowel Preparation in Colonoscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tikfu Gee ◽  
Nadia B Abdullah ◽  
Chin Wai Peng ◽  
Tong Sheau Wan ◽  
Minn Oominn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Split Dosing ◽  
Secondary Referral Hospital ◽  
Better Than

Background: Colonoscopy is an indispensable investigative and therapeutic tool in colorectal conditions. The accuracy of colonoscopic diagnosis is dependent on the effectiveness of the bowel preparation and the visibility of the colonic mucosa. Objective: This study compares the efficacy of split-dosing bowel preparation compared to the conventional the single-day timing of bowel preparation, by measuring the quality of colonoscopy performed using a validated bowel cleanliness score. Methods: An endoscopist-blinded clinical trial was conducted over a period of three months through convenient sampling at the Surgery Out-Patient Clinic at a secondary referral hospital in Malaysia. Data were recorded prospectively on the timing of bowel preparation, colonoscopic view of bowel cleanliness, age, and gender. Results: There was a total of 110 subjects for both conventional and test groups. Demographic studies showed 63 (57.3%) patients were under 60 years old, 61(55.5%) were male, and 48 (44%) were Malays. For the patients undergoing colonoscopy, the majority of the 86 (78.2%) had good bowel preparation and 96 (87.3%) of them with high efficacy of bowel preparation. The timing of bowel preparation is significantly associated with the efficacy of the bowel preparation and the quality of the colonoscopy (p<0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that split-dosing bowel preparation is significantly better than conventional timing bowel preparation in improving both the efficacy of bowel preparation as well as the quality of colonoscopy.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients and Healthy Controls: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1978
Author(s):  
Tjaša Filipčič ◽  
Špela Bogataj ◽  
Jernej Pajek ◽  
Maja Pajek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Comorbidity Score ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
And Gender

Hemodialysis (HD) patients have lower functional abilities compared to healthy people, and this is associated with lower physical activity in everyday life. This may affect their quality of life, but research on this topic is limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between habitual physical activity and quality of life in HD patients and healthy controls. Ninety-three HD patients and 140 controls participated in the study. Quality of life was assessed using a 36-item medical outcomes study short-form health survey (SF-36). Human Activity Profile (HAP) was used to assess habitual physical activity. The adjusted activity score (AAS) from HAP, age, gender, fat tissue index (FTI), lean tissue index (LTI), and Davies comorbidity score were analyzed as possible predictors of the Physical Component Summary (PCS) of the SF-36. Three sequential linear models were used to model PCS. In Model 1, PCS was regressed by gender and age; in Model 2 the LTI, FTI, and Davies comorbidity scores were added. Model 3 also included AAS. After controlling for age and gender (ModelHD 1: p = 0.056), LTI, FTI, and Davies comorbidity score effects (ModelHD 2: p = 0.181), the AAS accounted for 32% of the variation in PCS of HD patients (ModelHD 3: p < 0.001). Consequently, the PCS of HD patients would increase by 0.431 points if the AAS increased by one point. However, in healthy controls, AAS had a lower impact than in the HD sample (B = 0.359 vs. 0.431), while the corresponding effects of age and gender (ModelH 1: p < 0.001), LTI, FTI, and Davies comorbidity score (ModelH 2: p < 0.001) were adjusted for. The proportion of variation in PCS attributed to AAS was 14.9% (ModelH 3: p < 0.001). The current study results showed that physical activity in everyday life as measured by the HAP questionnaire is associated to a higher degree with the quality of life of HD patients than in healthy subjects. Routine physical activity programs are therefore highly justified, and the nephrology community should play a leading role in this effort.

scholarly journals Scheduling rules for patients with diabetes mellitus that facilitate split-dosing improve the quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. e0182225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Hilsden ◽  
Ronald Bridges ◽  
Catherine Dube ◽  
Steven J. Heitman ◽  
Alaa Rostom
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Split Dosing

scholarly journals Quality of life following road traffic injury: the impact of age and gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1587-1596
Author(s):  
R. Rissanen ◽  
J. Ifver ◽  
M. Hasselberg ◽  
H.-Y. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Strength, Size, and Muscle Quality in the Upper Arm following Unilateral Training in Younger and Older Males and Females

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. CMAMD.S1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah C. Tanton ◽  
Thomas A. Cappaert ◽  
Paul M. Gordon ◽  
Robert F. Zoeller ◽  
Theodore J. Angelopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Unilateral Training ◽  
Older Males

Purpose To assess strength, size, and muscle quality differences between younger and older males and females in response to training. Methods The bicep and tricep of the non-dominant arm were trained for twelve weeks in younger and older males and females (n = 41). The bicep of both arms were assessed pre and post for muscle strength using one-repetition maximum (1 RM) testing, and size using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results Strength (p < 0.05), mCSA (p < 0.05), and 1 RM MQ (p < 0.00) increased in response to training in all subjects regardless of age or gender. Younger and older subjects had similar increases in strength (45.49 ± 15.30% vs. 42.67 ± 26.67% respectively), mCSA (16.22 ± 7.98% vs. 19.17 ± 6.19% respectively), and 1RM MQ (25.73 ± 15.76 vs. 19.67 ± 20.66 respectively). Women increased their strength (55.59 ± 19.45% vs. 32.87 ± 15.66% p < 0.00 respectively), size (20.36 ± 6.29% vs. 14.72 ± 7.28% p < 0.02 respectively), and 1 RM MQ (29.74 ± 18.33% vs. 16.30 ± 15.59% p <.02) more than men. In comparing age and gender, younger females increased their strength more than older males (56.42 ± 12.92% vs. 29.17 ± 21.8% p <.02 respectively). Older females also increased their strength more than older males (54.68 ± 25.73 vs. 29.17 ± 21.80% respectively). Younger females increased their 1 RM MQ more than older males (.18 ± .08 kg/cm vs. .06 ± .08 kg/cm p <.02 respectively). Conclusion Strength and mCSA increases similarly in older and younger subjects. However, the overall strength and quality of the muscle seems to improve more in women than in men.

Failure of Demonstrated Clinical Efficacy of Antibiotic-Bonded Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Catheters

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Z. Trooskin ◽  
Richard A. Harvey ◽  
T. w. J. Lennard ◽  
Ralph S. Greco
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
To Receive

Previous in vitro, in vivo, and a preliminary clinical report have demonstrated efficacy of noncovalently bonding antibiotics to the surface of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPO) catheters in decreasing infectious complications. A larger prospective randomized clinical trial was completed. Eighty-six patients with chronic renal failure were enrolled in the study and randomized to receive either a surfactant treated or untreated control catheter. All catheters were soaked in cefoxitin at the time of insertion. Groups were comparable in terms of pre-existing illnesses, age, and gender. No differences were shown in the incidence of cathetertract infections, peritonitis or mechanical complications. There was also no differences in microbiologic culture results. Therefore, it is concluded that this clinical trial did not demonstrate a reduction in catheter-related infectious complications by antibiotic bonding.

Counting the population in need of international protection globally

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Brad K. Blitz ◽  
Alessio D’Angelo ◽  
Eleonore Kofman
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Related Services ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
And Gender

Different international and regional agencies count the number of persons crossing borders and internally displaced within states worldwide. Boosted in particular by conflicts in the Middle East, the number of refugees has grown to 15.1 million in 2015 and people of concern to 63.5 million. States have also sought to reduce the number recognised as Convention refugees (as defined in 1951) and are seeking to reinterpret their obligations and introducing limitations on those to be protected. The quality of data used to advance UNHCR programmes varies from one category of protected person to another, thus raising important questions for the management and delivery of protection-related services. Moreover, data are not disaggregated by age and gender, and in spite of greater efforts at multilateral cooperation, these datasets do not cover the same populations as those produced by other agencies. This chapter reviews the coverage of people of concern in the UNHCR’s guidelines and identifies gaps in the datasets used by UN and multilateral agencies tasked with the protection of refugees, IDPs and other people of concern. It suggests that these datasets need to be broadened to include other categories of vulnerable individuals and groups and that further disaggregation is needed.

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