scholarly journals THE FINANCING DECISION, SIZE AND FIRM VALUE: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sri Hasnawati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
External Financing ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Financing Decision ◽  
Over Time

This study intends to conduct a non-systematic literature review on empirical and theoretical studies of capital structure policies in relation to firm value, as well as reviewing its nature and dimensions. Until now, no consensus has emerged, and the results cannot be concluded. This study also tries to include empirical of capital structure policies and firm value from various countries, which show that the phenomenon of capital structure policies and firm value differs from one country to another. Various discussions on capital structure policies and firm value have resulted in a literature review and its development over time. Another development is the link between capital structure and size. Size can determine the company's capital structure related to access to sources of financing. Generally, large companies are easier to obtain external financing sources than small companies.

scholarly journals The Financing Decision, Size and Firm Value: A Conceptual Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sri Hasnawati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
External Financing ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Financing Decision ◽  
Size Firm ◽  
Over Time

This study intends to conduct a non-systematic literature review on empirical and theoretical studies of capital structure policies in relation to firm value, as well as reviewing its nature and dimensions. Until now, no consensus has emerged, and the results cannot be concluded. This study also tries to include empirical of capital structure policies and firm value from various countries, which show that the phenomenon of capital structure policies and firm value differs from one country to another. Various discussions on capital structure policies and firm value have resulted in a literature review and its development over time. Another development is the link between capital structure and size. Size can determine the company's capital structure related to access to sources of financing. Generally, large companies are easier to obtain external financing sources than small companies.   Keywords: Capital Structure, Size, Firm value

Post-Pandemic Restorative Talent Management Strategy for SME Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-96
Author(s):  
Neeta Baporikar
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Proper Management ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Over Time

Indian economy post-COVID 19 pandemic may witness a massive reengineering of all its economic activities. Some will cherish the change, while others will perish over time. The post-pandemic scenario will have a drastic impact across industries and sectors regardless of their scale or size. The magnitude of impact on SMEs and entrepreneurship is unfathomable considering the prevailing intensity of the crisis. SMEs should come up with plausible innovation and talented human force to sustain in the market. The enterprises should develop and nourish ‘talent culture' and should focus on ‘talent', which remains the most neglected component in Indian SMEs until today. Hence, adopting an exploratory approach with a systematic literature review, the chapter focuses on positioning the importance of talent management and its components in the SME framework to manage the post-pandemic crisis. In the process, the chapter deliberates on the key strategies for rearing SMEs through proper management of critical talent and human resources.

A Systematic Literature Review on the Application of Rasch Analysis in Musculoskeletal Disease — A Special Interest Group Report of OMERACT 11

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Ying Leung ◽  
May-Ee Png ◽  
Philip Conaghan ◽  
Alan Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Over Time

Objective.The Rasch measurement model provides robust analysis of the internal construct validity of outcome measures. We reviewed the application of Rasch analysis in musculoskeletal medicine as part of the work leading to discussion in a Special Interest Group in Rasch Analysis at Outcome Measures in Rheumatology 11.Methods.A systematic literature review of SCOPUS and MEDLINE was performed (January 1, 1985, to February 29, 2012. Original research reports in English using “Rasch” or “Item Response Theory” in musculoskeletal diseases were assessed by 2 independent reviewers. The topics of focus and analysis methodology details were recorded.Results.Of 212 articles reviewed, 114 were included. The number of publications rose from 1 in 1991–1992 to 23 in 2011–February 2012. Disease areas included rheumatoid arthritis (28%), osteoarthritis (16.6%), and general musculoskeletal disorders (43%). Sixty-six reports (57.9%) evaluated psychometric properties of existing scales and 35 (30.7%) involved development of new scales. Nine articles (7.9%) were on methodology illustration. Four articles were on item banking and computer adaptive testing. A majority of the articles reported fit statistics, while the basic Rasch model assumption (i.e., unidimensionality) was examined in only 57.2% of the articles. An improvement in reporting qualities with Rasch articles was noted over time. In addition, only 11.4% of the articles provided a transformation table for interval scale measurement in clinical practice.Conclusion.The Rasch model has been increasingly used in rheumatology over the last 2 decades in a wide range of applications. The majority of the articles demonstrated reasonable quality of reporting. Improvements in quality of reporting over time were revealed.

scholarly journals Measurement of the dimensions of food insecurity in developed countries: a systematic literature review

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 2887-2896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Ashby ◽  
Suzanne Kleve ◽  
Rebecca McKechnie ◽  
Claire Palermo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Over Time

AbstractObjectiveFood insecurity is a salient health issue comprised of four dimensions – food access, availability, utilization and stability over time. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic literature review to identify all multi-item tools that measure food insecurity and explore which of the dimensions they assess.DesignFive databases were searched (CENTRAL, CINAHL plus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, TRIP) for studies published in English since 1999. Inclusion criteria included human studies using multi-item tools to measure food security and studies conducted in developed countries. Manuscripts describing the US Department of Agriculture Food Security Survey Module, that measures ‘food access’, were excluded due to wide acceptance of the validity and reliability of this instrument. Two authors extracted data and assessed the quality of the included studies. Data were summarized against the dimensions of food insecurity.SettingA systematic review of the literature.SubjectsThe majority of tools were developed in the USA and had been used in different age groups and cultures.ResultsEight multi-item tools were identified. All of the tools assessed the ‘food access’ dimension and two partially assessed the dimensions ‘food utilization’ and ‘stability over time’, respectively. ‘Food availability’ was not assessed by existing tools.ConclusionsCurrent tools available for measuring food insecurity are subjective, limited in scope, with a majority assessing only one dimension of food insecurity (access). To more accurately assess the true burden of food insecurity, tools should be adapted or developed to assess all four dimensions of food insecurity.

scholarly journals Sociale mediers rolle i politisk kommunikation: et litteraturstudie

Politik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sander Andreas Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Trace Data ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
Slow Evolution ◽  
Over Time

This study is a systematic literature review of research on social media and political communication from political parties or politicians in parliament. The literature review is narrowed down further to focus on European studies. The review sorts studies into three thematic categories: political sender, citizen engagement and public actors. The study finds that papers are mostly pessimistic about the democratic influence of social media. This might be because studies have been looking for a social media revolution rather than slow evolution over time. The paper goes on to divide studies according to digital methods using digital trace data or traditional methods or a combination of both. The literature review presents the advantages of each approach and further highlights the potential of mixed and multiple methods. Finally, the literature review highlights recent issues with collecting data through platform API and argues that the field should be careful about relying too heavily on this collection approach in the future as social media platforms are starting to restrict access to digital trace data.

Global burden of HPV-related cancers in men: A systematic literature review.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13108-e13108
Author(s):  
Stefan Varga ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Karin Luttropp ◽  
Edith Morais ◽  
Anuj Walia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Hiv Positive Men

e13108 Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes about 5% of all cancer cases worldwide. Global male-specific incidence of HPV-related cancers, including anal (AC), penile (PC) and head and neck (HNC) cancer, is largely unknown. This study aims to summarize global incidence and HPV prevalence of these cancers in men. Methods: The systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for studies published in English between Jan 2008-Mar 2018 containing male-specific AC/PC/HNC incidence data, or HPV prevalence in AC/PC/HNC adult patients. Results: Fifty-six studies reported AC incidence in men between 1962-2014. The rate ranged between 0-1.5/100,000 persons in the general population. Globally, AC incidence increased over time. In the US, AC incidence in HIV-positive men increased from 10.5 to 20.7/100,000 person-years (PYs) from 1980-1989 to 1990-1995, and from 47 to 270/100,000 PYs between 1984 and 2013 in HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM). Prevalence of any HPV among men with AC ranged between 20-96%, HPV-16 and -18 being the most prevalent (14-100% vs 8-24%). PC incidence among men was reported in 14 studies between 1962-2015. The rate ranged between 0-10.2/100,000 persons (0-12.8/100,000 PY), with higher incidence rates in older men. Prevalence of any HPV among men with PC ranged between 6.3-100%, HPV-11 and -16 being the most prevalent (0.7-80% vs 18.1-79.2%). HNC incidence among men was reported in 66 studies between 1973-2014. Global cancer registry data reported a range of HNC incidence from 1.4-42.2/100,000, declining over time depending on the geographical location. The corresponding incidence range for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) was 0.4-17.8/100,000, with higher incidence rates for men aged 55 and above and a rapid increase during the past decade in well-developed regions. Prevalence of any HPV ranged between 0-93.8%, HPV-16 and -18 being the most prevalent (1.2-86% vs 2.5-46.9%). Conclusions: This review demonstrates the existing burden of HPV-related cancers globally. Overall, the incidence of HPV-related AC and OPC appears to have increased among men between 1962 and 2015, highlighting a growing unmet medical need and the importance of preventing HPV infection.

Epidemiological trends of HPV-related anal cancers amongst males globally: A systematic literature review.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 492-492
Author(s):  
Anuj Walia ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Martha Nicholson ◽  
Lucy Sun ◽  
Jessica R. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Anal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Male Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Trends ◽  
Over Time

492 Background: Anal cancer is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, which can be prevented by the HPV vaccination. Few countries do recommend vaccination for the male population, but all males are at risk of contracting HPV. This study aimed to identify the latest evidence on the incidence of anal cancer and pre-cancer related to HPV in males globally and to analyze the epidemiological trends. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using Medline and EMBASE. Studies containing original anal cancer incidence data in males published between January 1, 2008 and March 23, 2018 in English were included. Results: The global incidence of anal cancers and pre-cancers among the general male population was identified in 25 studies with observations ranging between 1968 and 2014. Incidence over time was reported in Australia and Europe. In an Australian national study, anal cancer incidence increased from 0.77 to 1.3 per 100,000 persons from 1982-2005, and in the UK from 0.79 to 1.06 per 100,000 persons from 1962-2002. In Denmark, the anal cancer range increased from 0.20-0.41 to 0.69-1.3 per 100,000 person-years (PYs) from pre-2000 to post-2000, and in France from 0.2 to 0.5 per 100,000 PYs from 1982-2012. In two national US studies, the mean incidence of pre-cancers was 1.5 in the period 1997-2009, and 0.41 from 1978-2007 per 100,000 PYs. The burden of anal cancers and pre-cancers increased the most among high-risk males reported in US studies. For HIV-positive males, mean incidence of cancer increased from 10.5 during 1980-1989 to 42.3 in 1996-2004 per 100,000 PYs, and for HIV-positive MSM, incidence increased from 47 to 270 per 100,000 PYs between 1984 and 2013. The mean pre-cancer incidence among HIV-positive males increased from 1.7 during 1980-1989 to 29.5 in 1996-2004 per 100,000 PYs. Conclusions: This systematic literature review demonstrates the increase in anal cancer and pre-cancer incidences over time in men, especially in high-risk male populations. The burden of anal cancers and pre-cancers increase over time in all male populations highlights the unmet medical need and the importance of preventative interventions such as HPV gender-neutral vaccinations.

The Case for Human-Centered Research on the Complex Patient Journey of Deprescribing

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Jordan R. Hill ◽  
Alissa L. Russ-Jara ◽  
Noll L. Campbell ◽  
Richard J. Holden
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Target Classification ◽  
Patient Journey ◽  
Complex Patient ◽  
Over Time

Current models of the deprescribing process are largely clinician driven and limited to a single point in time. Our objective with this work was to investigate the effects of these existing models on interventions targeting older adults. Studies identified in an existing systematic literature review were examined and classified in terms of who within the deprescribing process the intervention targeted (target classification) and when in the process they were targeted (temporal classification). It was found that the vast majority of interventions targeted clinicians and focused on actions taken before or during the deprescribing touchpoint. Additionally, older adults with dementia and their caregivers were often excluded from these studies. We argue that the deprescribing process needs to be reframed as a patient journey that unfolds over time in order to address these gaps.

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