scholarly journals Investigation of the properties of brick as partof the outer walls of historical buildings in Saint Petersburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Sokol ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
City Center ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The City

The brick industry began to develop rapidly in the middle of the XIX century, which coincided with the construction of most of the buildings in the city center. Therefore, brick is a popular building material that has found wide application in the development of the historical center of Saint Petersburg. The results of full-scale tests of bricks taken from the outer wall of a historic building show that the bricks have retained their building properties. But single-layer brick walls do not meet the new requirements for energy saving, and, in this regard, options for using an insulant material in the structure of outer walls are offered, and ways of increasing the energy efficiency of historical development buildings are considered.

scholarly journals HIERARCHY OF URBAN PLANNING COMPOSITIONS OF DIFFERENT SCALES IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE HISTORICAL CENTER OF ST. PETERSBURG

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
S. Markushev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Hierarchical Model ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Uneven Distribution ◽  
City Center ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
Hierarchical Relationships ◽  
Five Axes ◽  
The City

The article considers the urban planning structure of the historical center of St. Petersburg as a hierarchy of ensembles. Urban ensemble compositions in the study are systematized regardless of their scale. The introduction presents the main problems of perceiving the city center as a system of interconnected ensembles. A brief review of relevant studies, domestic and foreign, is offered addressing the problems of the compositional and spatial structure organization of the city. The plan of J.-B.-A. Leblon 1717 as an example of a holistic urban ensemble is analyzed. The features of the existing hierarchical relationships are traced through the example of one vertical connection: the composition of the historical center, the composition of the Admiralty-Moscow side, the composition of the Five Axes of the Admiralty, the composition of Nevsky Prospect, the composition of Kazan Cathedral. For visualization purposes, the text description is supplemented by a figure illustrating the nature of the hierarchical relationships of the compositions. A 5-level hierarchical model of the environment of the historical center of St. Petersburg is developed and presented in the form of a table with the scale frames of each of the levels. The characteristic of integrity is proposed as a justification for the grouping of ensembles by levels. The conclusions suggest the features of the hierarchy of urban planning composition of the historical center of St. Petersburg: multi-levelness, vertical interconnectedness, large ranges of scale, totality of distribution, uneven distribution, gradual historical development.

scholarly journals Patterns of origin, formation and spatial movement of the center of Saint-Petersburg in the 1703-1730s

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 04028
Author(s):  
Sergey Sementsov ◽  
Yuri Pukharenko
Keyword(s):  
City Center ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Spatial Concepts ◽  
The Real ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Spatial Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

On the basis of numerous archival and published materials and data, project ideas and the real history of the formation and development of the historical center of Saint-Petersburg on the Gorodskoy Island (in 1703-1720), Vasilyevsky Island (in 1721-1730) and on the Admiralteyskaya side (since the 1730s) are considered as stages of gradual crystallization of various spatial concepts of the capital’s development. The structure of the city center that changed over time is revealed. The results of the study: a fairly clear correspondence is shown between the stages of development of spatial and structural ideas and the transfer of the capital’s center to new territories, depending on changes in the state’s prestigious landmarks.

scholarly journals Transformation of historical buildings in Saint Petersburg and preservation of architectural and structural elements of various periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
E. R. Vozniak ◽  
◽  
S. G. Golovina ◽  
Yu. V. Pukharenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
City Center ◽  
Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The City ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Over Time

The article deals with the process of transformation of Saint Petersburg buildings in the period of the XVIII-XX centuries. The buildings of the city center have been rebuilt many times, and behind the facade designed in a specific style there may hide walls referring to various historical periods. The value of a building is determined not only with its architectural and spatial characteristics, but also with building materials and structural elements used. Specific cases of transformation of buildings` facades over time are analyzed on the examples of buildings located on Millionnaya Street and English Embankment. The issue of preserving, exhibiting, and museumifying structural elements is raised.

scholarly journals Architecture of modern coastal development. Saint Petersburg realias and experience of Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Hamburg

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 05022
Author(s):  
Fedor Perov ◽  
Leonid Lavrov ◽  
Aleksandra Eremeeva
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
City Center ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The City ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

Results of the first stage of territory development in the Gulf of Finland near the western coast of Vasilyevsky Island in Saint Petersburg are rated unsatisfactory. Results in the field of aesthetics, ecology, social stability and functional arrangement of the urban environment on new lands are negative. According to the analysis of experience in coastal areas' reconstruction in Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Hamburg, ambitious goals that were set for the project in Saint Petersburg were not achieved due to defects of the urban planning system — there was no centralized project management, activities of contractors, who neglected exclusive potential of the coastal area and its proximity to the historical core of the city, were insufficiently coordinated and controlled. It is argued that this is due to inertia of the Saint Petersburg design and construction system. During many years, it was focused on large-scale residential development of vast peripheral territories and, therefore, it was not capable to resolve issues related to development of highly urbanized environment in the city center. Omissions made during construction of a highway through the residential area are identified. The highway design does not provide reliable protection against negative impact on residential quarters. The route of the highway was designed as a bypass of the city center, but it became the shortest route to the center. It is noted that further development will offer opportunities for partial correction of the errors made. The new management team of the city architectural services considers the territory perspective for expansion of the Saint Petersburg center towards the water area of the Gulf of Finland.

Thermal Insulation Features of Residential Historical Buildings in the Case of Saint-Petersburg

2015 ◽  
Vol 725-726 ◽  
pp. 1477-1485
Author(s):  
Vera Murgul ◽  
Viktor Pukhkal ◽  
Nikolay Vatin
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Polystyrene Foam ◽  
Internal Heating ◽  
Insulating Material ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
Protective Regulations ◽  
Cultural Monuments

Stiff requirements for power consumption in buildings made it necessary to keep historical buildings of Saint-Petersburg warm. The majority of buildings in the historical center of Saint-Petersburg are historical and cultural monuments under protection.Existing protective regulations do not allow any changes in front facades of buildings rich in architectural decorations. However, courtyard facades, as a rule, can be exposed to exterior changes. This gives grounds for different approaches to heat facades of historical buildings. The article mainly focuses on internal heating of front facades. A construction for heating exterior walls based on extrusion-type polystyrene foam panels has been suggested herein. A required thickness of insulating material has been determined and moisture regime for insulated and non-insulated exterior walls has been analyzed. Recommendations to choose constructions for internal insulation of exterior walls in historical buildings of Saint-Petersburg have been elaborated.

scholarly journals Historical heritage and contemporary architecture fusion at the example of the city center of Graz

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Biljana Arandjelovic
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
City Center ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Unusual Combination ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
The City

The research subject of the paper is the center of Graz as a fusion of historical heritage and modern architecture, with its seven landmarks of modern architecture selected here in order to make a short review of this unusual mix. Although the historical center is well known as UNESCO protected district, that may not be damaged or destroyed, the avant-garde shops and bars found their place in the ancient center, complementing it. A contrast of new and the old is also present in the likeness of a fusion of historical heritage and contemporary architecture. This unusual combination made Graz a unique city which could serve as example for the future, how to make contemporary architecture in the middle of historical environment.

scholarly journals Meanings and scripts in the linguistic landscape of Saint Petersburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 802-815
Author(s):  
Daria Bylieva ◽  
Victoria Lobatyuk
Keyword(s):  
Language Game ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
City Center ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Latin Script ◽  
Hide Meaning ◽  
International Visitors ◽  
The City ◽  
The Russian Language

Abstract This article examines the linguistic component of building signs in the city center of St. Petersburg, Russia. The research is based on the analysis of an extensive database that covers 849 examples. It concludes that the Cyrillic script can be found in 84% of cases, Latin script – in 48%, and other scripts – in 4%. English is used to attract international visitors, demonstrate the authenticity of the brand, create a national flavor, hide meaning from the general public or as a part of linguistic creativity. Sometimes such language experiments break the phonetic–graphemic definitiveness of language, mixing form, and meaning. The use of the Latin script can either be targeted at those who do not know the Russian language or form a part of the language game for the Russian-speaking public.

Tashkent gates

Infolib ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Dilnoza Azimova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Market Area ◽  
City Center ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
Eastern Side ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
City Gates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The City

nformation about the first 12 gates located in the territory of Tashkent, its construction, as well as the names of these gates are stated. In the history of the ancient and ancient city of Tashkent you can find a lot of information about the city gates. Sources say that the castle was built in the IX-X centuries in the market area in the city center. It is surrounded by defensive walls. Gates are installed on the defensive walls. According to some sources, the number of ancient gates of Tashkent varied in different periods. For example, in the XVIII century there were 8 gates, and by the XIX century their number increased to 12. During this period, Tashkent was crossed by 8 main roads, which were the main trade routes. The city of Tashkent, a crossroads between East and West, sought to protect itself from external enemies. The defensive wall of the city had 12 gates (Takhtapul, Labzak, Kashgar, Kokand, Koymas, Beshyogoch, Kamalon, Samarkand, Kokcha, Chigatay, Sagbon, Karasaray) and two gates (i.e., a gate for 1 horseman). Of these, the gates of Labzak, Kashgar, Kokand, and Koymas were built on the eastern side of the part that was later annexed to the city, some of which were replaced. The names have also changed due to the relocation.

scholarly journals Formation of the architectural and structural systemof buildings in St. Petersburg in the 1703-1730-s

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
S. G. Golovina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
City Center ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Western European ◽  
The City ◽  
Structural Solution

The article deals with the process of forming the structural solution of the buildings in St. Petersburg in the 1703-1730-s. St. Petersburg has established its own sustainable architectural and structural system, which remained virtually unchanged until the beginning of the XX century. This system began to be formed during the reign of Emperor Peter I, by borrowing and mastering the Western European experience, combining the advanced innovations of that time and Russian traditions. Generalization of the experience of creating a structural system will allow assessing the evolution of the construction skills in St. Petersburg, identifying and preserving the structural elements of the historical buildings of the city center.

scholarly journals Saint-Petersburg landscape scenarios and green architecture in the strategy of urban development

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 02001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Vaytens ◽  
Yulia Yankovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Planning Practice ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Green Architecture ◽  
The City ◽  
Design Techniques

The evolution of architectural and urban planning practice is only possible through an essential understanding of the basic trends of development for architecture in the contemporary world and their historical backgrounds. One of the most important trends is «green architecture» and «perception the city as landscape». The study looks at the specifics of landscape scenarios development in Sankt-Petersburg and prospects for the inclusion of green architecture into the structure of City Plans and General Plans. Landscape scenarios and elements of green architecture are considered in the context of their historical development, structural features, compositional and design techniques. The article examines in detail the historical stages of the introduction of elements of green architecture in landscape scenarios in the City Plans and General Plans of Sankt-Petersburg-Leningrad in XX century.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document