scholarly journals Ultrasound imaging of the fetal optic nerve from a different plane

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Erzat Toprak ◽  
Mehmet Murat Işıkalan
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Intraobserver Variability ◽  
Altman Analysis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Objective In this study, we aimed to visualize the fetal optic nerve and its sheath in a lateral oblique plane by ultrasound. Methods This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at 20–22 weeks of gestation on healthy pregnant women who applied to our perinatology clinic for anomaly screening. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurements were taken from the lateral orbital and the retroorbital planes twice by the same sonographer. Ultrasound durations were recorded. Intraobserver variability was calculated for both techniques. The Bland-Altman analysis was performed for the lateral orbital technique. Results A total of 45 pregnant women were evaluated in the study. The intraclass correlation coefficient value of the lateral orbital technique was 0.722 (p<0.001), suggesting that the ONSD was measured similarly by the same observer. The ONSD mean measured by the lateral orbital (LO) technique was higher than the ONSD mean measured by the retroorbital (RO) technique (2.10±0.13 vs 1.21±0.13 mm, p<0.001). The ONSD measurement with the LO technique was determined to be more time-effective than the RO technique (129.6±31.3 vs 228.2±32.7 sec, p<0.001). Conclusion It is demonstrated that by using the lateral orbital technique, the optic nerve and its sheath can be visualized separately without the shadowing artifact of the lens. This technique also takes less time than the RO technique. There is a need for more extensive research on this subject with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmation.

Ultrasound Nomograms of the Fetal Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 476-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Krajden Haratz ◽  
Yaakov Melcer ◽  
Zvi Leibovitz ◽  
Hagit Feit ◽  
Tally Lerman-Sagie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Intraobserver Variability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective To construct prenatal age-specific reference intervals for sonographic measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) during gestation in normal fetuses. Materials and Methods Prospective cross-sectional study of fetuses assessed in antenatal ultrasound units between 2010 and 2014. The examination was based on a technique for the sonographic assessment of ONSD previously published by our group. The mean values and SDs of the ONSD were modeled as a function of the gestational week by curve estimation analysis based on the highest adjusted R2 coefficient. Repeatability tests were performed to assess intraobserver variability and interobserver agreement. Results During the study period 364 healthy fetuses were enrolled. The mean values for the ONSD varied from 0.6 mm at 15–16 weeks to 2.8 mm at 37–38 weeks. The ONSD grows in a linear fashion throughout gestation, with a quadratic equation providing an optimal fit to the data (adjusted R2 = 0.957). Conclusion Sonographic age-specific references for the fetal ONSD are presented. This data may assist in the decision-making process in fetuses with a suspected increase in intracranial pressure, or anomalies affecting the development of optic stalks, such as optic hypoplasia and septo-optic dysplasia.

scholarly journals Agreement Between Computed Tomography And Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Measuring Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Haider N. Al-Tameemi ◽  
Neda M. Helel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ct And Mri

BACKGROUND: Neuroimaging is increasingly used as a non-invasive method to assess raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to correlate well with invasively measured ICP, however little research has been conducted on the ONSD measurement using computerized tomography (CT) in correlation with ICP. This study was done to investigate whether CT scan can reliably replace MRI in measuring ONSD.METHOD: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted on 50 adult patients (29 females and 21 males), who underwent both CT and MRI of the brain along 10-month period. Using the brain axial section, the transverse ONSD was measured at 3 mm behind the globe in both modalities. Agreement between CT and MRI readings was assessed using intraclass correlation (ICC) and Kappa method.RESULTS: There was a strongly positive and statistically significant correlation between ONSD measurement using CT scan and MRI (p value <0.001). There was almost perfect agreement between CT scan and MRI in measuring ONSD (ICC=0.987 and Kappa =0.837). Similar agreement was obtained when cases stratified into normal (≤ 5mm) and thickened (> 5mm) ONSD (ICC=0.947 and 0.972 respectively).CONCLUSION: CT scan is a reliable substitute for MRI in measuring ONSD with almost perfect agreement between the two modalities. It might be good practice to include ONSD measurement in the initial evaluation of brain CT scan in any patient with suspected raised ICP.

scholarly journals Optic nerve sheath diameter as a predictor of acute cerebellar infarction in acute vertigo patients without brain computed tomography abnormalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Myoung Sun You ◽  
Sun Hwa Lee ◽  
Seong Jong Yun ◽  
Seokyong Ryu ◽  
Seung Woon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Cerebellar Infarction ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Acute Infarction ◽  
Nerve Sheath

Background and objectives: To date, no study has investigated the ability of optic nerve sheath diameter calculated from non-contrast brain computed tomography to predict acute cerebellar infarction in patients with acute vertigo. The aim of our study was to evaluate the predictive utility of optic nerve sheath diameter for diagnosing acute cerebellar infarction in patients with acute vertigo without computed tomography abnormalities. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients with acute vertigo without computed tomography abnormalities who underwent magnetic resonance imaging including diffusion-weighted imaging at our emergency department between January 2016 and December 2017. Two emergency physicians independently measured optic nerve sheath diameter at 3 mm (ONSD3) and 10 mm (ONSD10) behind the globe in each patient. Final magnetic resonance imaging reports with clinical progress notes were used as the reference standard. A multivariate logistic regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic curves, and intra-class correlation coefficients were calculated to estimate predictive value. Results: A total of 34 patients (16.1%) were diagnosed with acute infarction and 177 patients (83.9%) were diagnosed with peripheral vertigo. Mean ONSD3 ( p < 0.001) and ONSD10 ( p < 0.001) were independent predictive factors for distinguishing acute infarction and peripheral vertigo. ONSD3 (cut-off = 4.22 mm) had 100% (95% confidence interval = 89.7–100.0) sensitivity and 97.7% (95% confidence interval = 95.1–99.6) specificity with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.988 (95% confidence interval = 0.978–1.0), while ONSD10 (cut-off = 3.63 mm) had 100% (95% confidence interval = 89.7–100.0) sensitivity and 87.6% (95% confidence interval = 81.8–92.0) specificity with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.976 (95% confidence interval = 0.959–0.997). There were good inter- and intra-observer agreements for both sides of ONSD3 and ONSD10 (intra-class correlation coefficient range = 0.652–0.773). Conclusion: Optic nerve sheath diameter, in particular OSND3, is a feasible predictive marker for acute infarction in patients with acute vertigo without computed tomography abnormalities. This information can assist decision-making in ordering brain magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of acute vertigo.

Measurement of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter for the Assessment of Risk of Raised Intracranial Pressure

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Geeraerts ◽  
David K Menon ◽  
Dan Benhamou ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) is associated with poor outcome after brain injury, but is difficult to detect without invasive devices. As a part of the central nervous system, the optic nerve is surrounded by a dural sheath, and the subarachnoid space surrounding the optic nerve is subject to the same pressure changes as the intracranial compartment. Distension of the optic nerve sheath reflects an increase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and can be used to estimate the risk of raised ICP. Ocular sonography or brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables valid measurement of the distension of the dural sheath surrounding the optic nerve. An optic nerve sheath diameter greater than 5.8mm is likely to be associated with raised ICP. This non-invasive estimate of ICP may detect patients at risk, help make decisions regarding the placement of invasive ICP devices and allow the selection of patients for transfer to specialist centres.

scholarly journals The relationship between computed tomography measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter and elevated intracranial pressure in non-trauma patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniël Luyt ◽  
Delmé Hurter ◽  
Gina Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
The Brain

Background: The early detection and treatment of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) is critical in the prevention of mortality and morbidity as a result of secondary ischemic brain injury. Measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) on computed tomography (CT) to predict raised ICP may be useful in cases where routine CT investigations of the brain are indicated and invasive ICP monitoring is not available, or a lumbar puncture (LP) is contraindicated.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if the ONSD can be measured on digital images obtained by routine CT investigations of the brain, to identify patients with non-traumatic causes of elevated ICP, and to provide the observer with a non-invasive, objective measurement to predict elevated ICP.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of anonymised patient data, comparing the ONSD on CT imaging with the opening pressure manometry during LP on patients who presented with focal neurology or with a Glasgow coma scale score of less than 15. The study sample consisted of 67 patients, ≥18 years of age, treated at the emergency department of the Kimberly Hospital Complex from 01 March 2013 to 31 December 2014.Results: An ONSD measurement of ≥4.8 mm identified patients with an elevated ICP with a sensitivity of 92.9% and a specificity of 97.6%, using a 95% confidence interval. Raising the ONSD cut-off value to ≥5.0 mm decreased the sensitivity to 85.7% but increased the specificity to 100%, eliminating all patients with a normal ICP.Conclusion: The ONSD can be measured on digital images obtained by routine CT investigations of the brain to predict elevated ICP in non-trauma patients, ≥18 years of age, with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.

scholarly journals Study of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Normal Nepalese Adults Using Ultrasound

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidur KC ◽  
Amit Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Though invasive intracranial devices are gold standard to calculate intracranial pressure (ICP); these are not without any complications. Non-invasive measurement of ICP by Ultrasonography could be a safe and portable technique.Objectives: The objective of the study was to measure and compare values of optic nerve sheath diameter of both eyes in healthy Nepalese adults.Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study of healthy adult Nepalese volunteers was performed using a 7.5 MHz linear Ultrasound probe on the closed eyelids; optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) was measured 3 mm behind the globe in each eye.Results: Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) of both eyes was measured in 100 healthy volunteers of age ranged from 15 to 75 years with a mean of 30.21 ± 14.05 years. There were 18 (18%) male and 82 (82%) female. ONSD for right eye ranged from 3.20 to 4.90 mm with mean of 4.10 ± 0.50 mm and left eye from 3.20 to 4.80 mm with mean of 4.22 ± 0.49 mm. P value for right and left eye ONSD (P = 0.06) and male and female (P = 0.12 and 0.85 for right and left ONSD respectively) were within normal limits. ONSD has no correlation with age (P = 0.27 and 0.27 for right and left ONSD respectively).Conclusion Mean of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is 4.10mm and 4.22 mm for right and left eye respectively. There is no statistical significant difference in mean of ONSD between right and left eye. BJHS 2018;3(1)5 : 357-360

scholarly journals How accurate is ultrasound of the optic nerve sheath diameter performed by inexperienced operators to exclude raised intracranial pressure?

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Du Toit ◽  
D. Hurter ◽  
M. Nel
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Ultrasound Measurement ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nerve Sheath

Background: It has been well documented that ultrasound measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter performed by an experienced operator shows good correlation with raised intracranial pressure, irrespective of the cause. Objective: To establish the accuracy of this technique performed by inexperienced operators.Method: A prospective analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. All patients ≥18 years of age who presented at our medical casualty and emergency departments with suspected meningitis were enrolled in the study. All patients were evaluated with the use of optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasound with or without computed tomography brain scan prior to lumbar puncture. Lumbar puncture opening pressure measurements were compared with the ultrasound measurements.Results: A total of 73 patients were enrolled in the study, of whom 14 had raised intracranial pressure. The study had a sensitivity of 50% (95% confidence interval (CI) 26.8%–73.2%) and specificity of 89.8% (95% CI 79.5%–95.3%) with a positive predictive value of 54.8% (95% CI 29.1%–76.8%) and negative predictive value of 88.3% (95% CI 77.8%–94.2%). The likelihood ratio of a positive test was 4.92 (95% CI 1.95–11.89) and that of a negative test 0.56 (95% CI 0.29–0.83). Cohen’s kappa value was 0.41 which indicates a moderate agreement. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.73 (95% CI 0.51–0.95). Conclusion: Ultrasound measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter can be used to exclude raised intracranial pressure, even in the hands of inexperienced operators.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN OPTIC NERVE SHEATH DIAMETER (ONSD) PADA RESPONDEN NORMAL DAN NYERI KEPALA

Biomedika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Sulistyani Sulistyani ◽  
Rivan Danuaji
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Normal Volunteer ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Transorbital Sonography

Nyeri kepala merupakan penanda adanya gangguan intrakranial. Nervus optikus merupakan saraf kranialis yang mudah dipengaruhi langsung adanya gangguan intrakranial. Kalimatnya Jumping. Kelainan nervus optikus dapat diketahui dengan adanya pelebaran optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). ONSD dapat diukur dengan transorbital sonografi yang bersifat nonimvasif. Penelitian ini bertujuan membedakan diameter ONSD pada orang yang nyeri kepala dan orang normal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan observasional analitik dengan metode cross sectional. Responden diambil dari pasien rawat inap dan responden normal. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata – rata nilai ONSD pada pasien nyeri kepala adalah 0,52 ± 0,86 dan pada responden normal adalah 0,40 ± 0,57 (p < 0,05). Terdapat perbedaan signifikan nilai ONSD pada pasien normal dan nyeri kepala. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa terdapat gangguan intrakranial pada orang dengan nyeri kepala dan dapat digunakan sebagai deteksi dini.Kata Kunci: Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter (ONSD), Responden Normal, Nyeri KepalaHeadache is a sign of intracranial disorders. The optic nerve is a cranial nerve that is easily affected directly by intracranial disorders. The sentence is Jumping. Optic nerve abnormalities can be identified by the widening of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). ONSD can be measured by transorbital sonography which is nonimvasive. This study aims to distinguish the ONSD diameter in people with headaches and normal people. This research uses an analytic observational approach with cross sectional method. Respondents were taken from inpatients and normal respondents. The results showed that the average value of ONSD in headache patients was 0.52 ± 0.86 and in normal respondents was 0.40 ± 0.57 (p <0.05). There is a significant difference in the value of ONSD in normal patients and headaches. This research proves that there are intracranial disorders in people with headaches and can be used as early detection.Keyword: Optic nerve sheath diameter , headache , normal volunteer 

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