TIPOLOGI ARSITEKTUR RUMAH SABU (AMMU HAWU), SEBUAH PENDEKATAN DESKRIPTIF ANTROPOLOGIS

Pilipus Jeraman

doi:10.24002/jars.v12i3.2204

TIPOLOGI ARSITEKTUR RUMAH SABU (AMMU HAWU), SEBUAH PENDEKATAN DESKRIPTIF ANTROPOLOGIS

Jurnal Arsitektur KOMPOSISI ◽

10.24002/jars.v12i3.2204 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 225

Author(s):

Pilipus Jeraman

Keyword(s):

Vernacular Architecture ◽

Cultural Background ◽

Community Based ◽

Anthropological Approach

Abstract: The architecture of the house of Sabu (ammu hawu) is one of the riches of vernacular architecture that still exists in East Nusa Tenggara and is well preserved by the ethnic Sabu community, which inhabits the islands of Sabu and Raijua Island. This research provides a descriptive description of the typological characteristics of Sabu's house architecture (ammu hawu) and its settlement environment. The typology study on Sabu house (ammu hawu) was developed with a descriptive anthropological approach. The results showed that the architecture of the house of Sabu (ammu hawu) has distinctive characteristics that are in harmony with the cultural background of the Sabu community. Based on the typology of functions and forms known to the typology of houses on Sabu island there are three typologies, namely ammu hawu (roukoko), ammu atta, and ammu jawa.Keywords: typology, ammu hawu, descriptive, anthropologicalAbstrak: Arsitektur rumah Sabu (ammu hawu) adalah salah satu kekayaan arsitektur vernakular yang masih eksis di Nusa Tenggara Timur dan terpelihara dengan baik oleh masyarakat etnis Sabu, yang mendiami Pulau Sabu maupun Pulau Raijua. Penelitian ini memberi gambaran deskriptif tentang karakteristik tipologi arsitektur rumah Sabu (ammu hawu) dan lingkungan permukimannya. Kajian tipologi terhadap rumah Sabu (ammu hawu) ini dikembangkan dengan pendekatan deskriptif antropologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, arsitektur rumah Sabu (ammu hawu) memiliki karakteristik khas yang selaras dengan latar belakang kebudayaan masyarakat Sabu. Berdasarkan tipologi fungsi dan bentuk diketahui tipologi rumah di pulau Sabu ada tiga tipologi, yakni ammu hawu (roukoko), ammu atta, dan ammu jawa. Kata kunci: tipologi, ammu hawu, deskriptif, antropologis.

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Comparison of mental health, well-being and parenting sense of competency among Australian and South-East Asian parents of autistic children accessing early intervention in Australia

Autism ◽

10.1177/13623613211010006 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136236132110100

Author(s):

Jodie Smith ◽

Rhylee Sulek ◽

Ifrah Abdullahi ◽

Cherie C Green ◽

Catherine A Bent ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Health ◽

Early Intervention ◽

East Asian ◽

Well Being ◽

Cultural Background ◽

Autistic Children ◽

Community Based ◽

Health Quality

Parents from individualist cultures (those focused on autonomy of individuals; that is, Australian) may view their autistic children differently compared to parents from collectivist cultures (where community needs are valued over an individual’s, that is, South-East Asian cultures). As most research on autism and parenting has been undertaken in Western individualist cultures, knowledge of parenting beliefs and mental health within collectivist cultures is lacking. We compared the mental health, quality of life, well-being and parenting sense of competency between families raising an autistic child from two groups: 97 Australian parents and 58 parents from South-East Asian backgrounds. Children from both groups were receiving the same community-based early intervention. No group differences were found on the measures of mental health but, when compared to Australian parents, parents from South-East Asian backgrounds reported higher well-being and less impact on their quality of life resulting from their child’s autism-specific difficulties. Furthermore, a positive association between well-being and quality of life was only observed for South-East Asian parents. Hence, the views of, and responses to, disability for South-East Asian parents may act as a protective factor promoting well-being. This novel research indicates that culture plays a role in parenting autistic children and highlights the need to accurately capture cultural background information in research. Lay abstract We know that parents of autistic children experience poorer mental health and lower well-being than parents of non-autistic children. We also know that poorer mental health among parents of autistic children has been observed across different cultures. Most research focuses on Western cultures, so we know little about parental mental health and well-being of parents from different cultural backgrounds; yet, it is likely that cultural background contributes to how parents view their child’s condition and respond to the diagnosis. Here, we compared mental health, quality of life and well-being between families raising an autistic child from Australian backgrounds to families from South-East Asian backgrounds. All children in the current study were receiving the same community-based early intervention. When compared to the general population, parents had poorer mental health overall, but there were no differences between the two groups of parents. However, parents from South-East Asian backgrounds reported higher well-being and fewer difficulties associated with their child’s autism. These findings suggest that cultural background likely influences not only parent’s view of, and response to, their child’s autism, but also their own sense of well-being. As researchers and clinicians working with families of autistic children, we should more explicitly consider family’s cultural background within our work.

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Social Movements Facing Authoritarian-Style Neoliberal Governments: Comparative Positioning Towards Violence in Indonesia and France

Jurnal Humaniora ◽

10.22146/jh.59555 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 226

Author(s):

Gabriel Facal ◽

Gloria Truly Estrelita

Keyword(s):

Social Movements ◽

Civil Disobedience ◽

Cultural Background ◽

Political Strategies ◽

The Social ◽

The Media ◽

Neoliberal Policies ◽

Anthropological Approach ◽

Climate Crisis ◽

Systemic Crises

Faced with global and systemic crises, neoliberal oriented governments are taking on more authoritarian forms of governance. By using the power of the media, justice, the police, and a set of government technologies, this authoritarian style manifests itself in alternating phases of low-key brutality and crises of ostentatious repression designed to frighten and demoralize opposition social movements. Confronted with these modes of government, the social movements adopt different tactics of mobilization, ranging from direct confrontation to forms of compromise and civil disobedience. With the climate crisis as well as the globalization of social struggles, these movements adopt new political strategies, which question the dichotomy between violence and non-violence. Using a historical and anthropological approach, this paper studies two cases in contemporary Indonesia and France. It shows that the objectives of the groups involved and the national socio-political and cultural background shape the local specificities of these strategies. The comparison, however, reveals similarities at both levels. It shows the persistence and even strengthening of class and oligarchy networks in the implementation of authoritarian-style neoliberal policies. It also points to the respective effectiveness of violent and non-violent tactics in the implementation of militant strategies.

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Introduction

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190676315.013.32 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Angela M. Labrador ◽

Neil Asher Silberman

Keyword(s):

Cultural Landscapes ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Vernacular Architecture ◽

Social Contexts ◽

Primary Concern ◽

Community Based ◽

Disciplinary Boundaries ◽

Cognitive Studies ◽

The Social ◽

Methodological Approaches

The field of cultural heritage is no longer solely dependent on the expertise of art and architectural historians, archaeologists, conservators, curators, and site and museum administrators. It has dramatically expanded across disciplinary boundaries and social contexts and now includes vernacular architecture, intangible cultural practices, knowledge, and language, performances, and rituals, as well as cultural landscapes. Heritage has become entangled with the broader social, political, and economic contexts in which heritage is created, managed, transmitted, protected, or destroyed. Heritage protection now encompasses a growing set of methodological approaches whose objectives are not necessarily focused upon the maintenance of material fabric, traditionally cultural heritage’s primary concern. Rather, these objectives have become explicitly social with methods foregrounding public engagement, diverse values, and community-based action. Thus, we introduce the term “public heritage” as a way of bringing together these emerging practices. This handbook charts major sites of convergence between the humanities and the social sciences—where new disciplinary perspectives are being brought to bear on public heritage. This introduction outlines the potential contributions of development studies, political science, anthropology, management studies, human geography, ecology, psychology, sociology, cognitive studies, and education to the field of public heritage.

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EVOLUTION OF PROFESSIONAL INTEREST FOR ANONYMOUS LANGUAGE PHENOMENON

URBAN CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECTURE ◽

10.17673/vestnik.2017.01.15 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 87-93

Author(s):

Evgeniya A. REPINA ◽

Dariya N. ROMANOVA

Keyword(s):

Material Culture ◽

Professional Practice ◽

Mutual Influence ◽

Vernacular Architecture ◽

Cultural Background ◽

Cultural Continuity ◽

Manual Labor ◽

Architectural Practice ◽

Professional Interest ◽

Professional Field

The relevance of modern Russian anonymous architecture is studied. The evolution of the concept «anonymous» and the variety of its connotations in different contexts are viewed. A brief overview of researches influenced on new values formation is presented. Philosophical and cultural background of inclusion of anonymous language in professional field are analyzed as well as mutual influence of artistic and architectural practices. The question of research typological boundaries is raised. The examples of anonymous language legitimation in Russian and world professional architectural practice are presented. Potential values of Russian vernacular architecture are revealed and classified for professional practice. Objects created by non-professionals demonstrate respect for the place, cultural continuity, careful attitude to things, to manual labor and love of folk material culture.

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The Path of the Maliseet People: An Anthropological Approach

10.31235/osf.io/pk6xw ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Wonkyoung Choi

Keyword(s):

Identity Politics ◽

Cultural Background ◽

Aboriginal Peoples ◽

Anthropological Approach

This paper focuses on how have the Maliseet were understood and described by different groups of scholars, I will explore the layers of context which compose the present-day Maliseet self-identification based on previous studies on this region. Although this paper would be a selective assemblage of historical, socio-political and cultural background of the Maliseet identity, this work would be linked with studies of broader context of Aboriginal peoples’ identity politics, a theme which has been dealt with extensively in the Aboriginal studies.

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Ethnographic Approach for Research on Vernacular Architecture: Four Case Studies of Indigenous Communities in Indonesia

Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning ◽

10.54028/nj202120108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

Agus D. Hariyanto ◽

Iwan Sudradjat ◽

Sugeng Triyadi

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Belief Systems ◽

Vernacular Architecture ◽

Indigenous Communities ◽

Point Of View ◽

Cultural Aspects ◽

Ethnographic Studies ◽

Ethnographic Approach ◽

Living Culture ◽

Anthropological Approach

Many ethnic groups with unique cultures exist in Indonesia, but their vernacular architecture and living cultures need to be supported to ensure sustainability. One example of how a more anthropological approach to the design and planning of the built environment requires a better understanding is the study of the living culture of indigenous communities. Unsurprisingly, an ethnographic approach is critical to studying these communities' architecture and living culture in Indonesia. This study aims to outline the main principles of the ethnographic approach and review the implementation of these principles in previous studies on the vernacular architecture of indigenous communities in Indonesia. A comparative analysis of four case studies shows that each study has implemented the approach's main principles contextually. The results showed that the four case studies utilized observation and interviews to collect field data in slightly different terms. Although each case study's objectives, focus, and issues were different, the researchers managed to provide a cultural portrait that included the participants' views (emic) and the researcher's opinions (etic). The similarities between the four communities are religious or belief systems affecting the architecture and living culture, which are cultural aspects that significantly affect each case as part of the findings embodied in themes resulting from interpretation. These results can help to develop guidelines for designers and planners working in indigenous communities. Through ethnographic studies, architects and planners can understand indigenous communities' point of view (etic) to integrate their perspectives (emic) when working hand in hand with the community.

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