scholarly journals R.A.OLAOYE et al. 2021 Variation of Groundwater and Rainwater Quality in a Nigerian Leper Colony

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Olaoye ◽  
Akinwale O. Coker ◽  
Mynepalli K. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Bacteriological Parameters

Adequate supply of potable water is a major challenge in most leper colony with emphasis often placed on water needs of “normal” people but little concern on the safe water source for the physically challenged and vulnerable lepers with limited mobility who cannot search for other sources of water outside designated colony. This study was designed to investigate the quality of water sources within a Nigerian leper colony. Periodic characterization of groundwater and rainwater samples was conducted using American Public Health Association (APHA) methods to determine physico-chemical parameters; appearance, odour, colour, taste, chloride, pH, sulphate, copper, zinc, iron, nitrate and bacteriological parameters; coliform organism and Escherichia coli (E-coli) against the world health organization (WHO) drinking water standard. Water samples were clear and odourless. Most of the parameters tested from both sources; groundwater and rainwater were within the recommended standard. Results from short term water quality parameters taken from 2010-2012 were relatively within the same range while the long-term decadal water quality parameters showed slight variation compared to the short term. Heavy metals showed remarkable variation in 2019 while bacteriological parameters from both water sources were above the permissible threshold. For potable use, water sources require adequate treatment. Boiling or disinfection is recommended until water samples have been retested to ascertain that contamination has been eliminated. In addition, home water-treatment through the use of filters, solar disinfection, or flocculants should be provided to make the water safe.

scholarly journals A Study on Distribution of Water Quality Parameters in Potable/Ground Waters of Visakhapatnam Coastal Region with Multivariate Factor Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2645-2652
Author(s):  
V.V.K.P.L.N. Murty ◽  
P. V.S. Machiraju ◽  
P. Shyamala ◽  
A. Vinod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Ground Waters ◽  
Multivariate Factor Analysis

Chemical components of the earth crust influence the ground water quality. In addition, anthropogenic activities also contribute in deteriorating the quality of ground waters and contaminate the water sources. In present study, 22 water samples were collected from the potable/ground water sources in south coastal region of Visakhapatnam district, India during pre- and post-monsoon seasons and characterized for physico-chemical parameters viz., pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, oxidation reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, total hardness (TH), total alkalinity (TA), bicarbonate, carbonate, chloride, fluoride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The distribution of parameters was explained by Box-Whisker plot. Further Piper diagrams were drawn to identify the geochemical expressions between the parameters. Multivariate factor analysis was used to assess the degree of factor loadings and to identify the group of parameters influencing the variance of different water quality parameters. The analytical data indicated that majority of water samples in the study area have higher concentration of TDS, TH, TA, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl−, HCO3 − and F−.

scholarly journals Gis-based Analysis of Water Quality Parameters of Groundwater with Proximity to Onsite Wastes Pits in Vom Community of Jos South, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
R. E. Daffi ◽  
M. I. Alfa ◽  
E. S. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Health Organization

Water quality assessment is an important part of environmental quality management especially in groundwater resources located close to sources of contamination. This study involved the assessment of groundwater quality for hand dug wells at locations with proximity to pit latrines in Vom community, Plateau State, Nigeria and the use of GIS for data analysis. Water samples were collected from six (6) locations in a small area to assume possible interaction between the water in the sampling wells, the maximum distance between any two points being 100 m and the minimum distance being 22 m. Eleven (11) physical, bacteriological and chemical parameters were analyzed for the water samples. The results were compared with World Health Organization and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality standards. The chemical parameters in the samples tested met the WHO and NSDWQ limits with the exception of pH which was slightly acidic for four samples. The results also showed that E. coli was found in all the samples tested. This may be attributed to the proximity of the wells to pit latrines. The results obtained from laboratory analyses were inputted into a GIS database in ILWIS 3.8 where the variation maps were developed and also classified maps for each of the parameters based on whether they meet WHO standards or not. The classified maps were all overlaid in GIS to develop the groundwater quality information map where any point highlighted gives information on the parameters for that point. This makes the retrieval of water quality parameters easy and also the comparison of the parameters with respect to location. Treatment of the groundwater with chemicals like soda ash and chlorine are recommended before consumption. It is generally recommended that wells should not be located in close proximity to onsite underground wastes disposal pits. Government should provide sufficient potable water for the Vom Community.

Investigation of Some Water Quality Parameters of Pond Water under Mymensingh Municipality

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
F Zannat ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
MA Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Drinking Water Standard

A study was conducted to evaluate the water quality parameters of pond water at Mymensingh Urban region. The water samples were collected from 30 ponds located at Mymensingh Urban Region during August to October 2010. The chemical analyses of water samples included pH, EC, Na, K, Ca, S, Mn and As were done by standard methods. The chemical properties in pond water were found pH 6.68 to 7.14, EC 227 to 700 ?Scm-1, Na 15.57 to 36.00 ppm, K 3.83 to 16.16 ppm, Ca 2.01 to 7.29 ppm, S 1.61 to 4.67 ppm, Mn 0.33 to 0.684 ppm and As 0.0011 to 0.0059 ppm. The pH values of water samples revealed that water samples were acidic to slightly alkaline in nature. The EC value revealed that water samples were medium salinity except one sample and also good for irrigation. According to drinking water standard Mn toxicity was detected in pond water. Considering Na, Ca and S ions pond water was safe for irrigation and aquaculture. In case of K ion, all the samples were suitable for irrigation but unsuitable for aquaculture.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 85-89 2015

Short‐Term Effects of Wildfire Ash on Water Quality Parameters: A Laboratory Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darlan Q. Brito ◽  
Luiz H. G. Santos ◽  
Carlos José Sousa Passos ◽  
Eduardo C. Oliveira-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Effects

scholarly journals Isolation of Bacterial Pathogens from Borehole Water Sources within the University of Port Harcourt

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
H. O. Stanley ◽  
C. N. Eze
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
The University

A study about the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of borehole water at the University of Port Harcourt was carried out. Eight water samples was pooled from NUH Block B (Under graduate Hostel), Nelson Mandela Block B (Undergraduate Hostel), Intercontinental Hostel (Post Graduate Hostel), Donald Ekong Block C (Post graduate Hostel), Clinical Hostel, Staff quarters (Opposite Uniport Bottling plant), Dan Etete (Undergraduate Hostel) and Gambiama Staff quarters designated as Sample 1 to sample 8 respectively. Physical examination was conducted to as the sanitary and hygiene practices within the collection area. It was observed that the undergraduate hostels had the least sanitary practice. Total counts of heterotrophic bacteria count showed that the highest bacterial count was recorded from Sample 2 with bacterial count of 2.3x104 CFU/ml while the least bacterial count was recorded from sample 8 with bacterial count of 3.0x102 CFU/ml. The isolated bacterial species from the water sources were identified as Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., E. coli., Serratia sp., Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp., Citrobacter sp. The presence of coliform bacteria in the sampled water source does not comply with the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for coliform bacteria of zero total coliform per 100 ml of water. The borehole water samples collected had pH values within 5.9-6.85 which does not comply with the WHO recommended range for drinking water standards which should fall between ≥7 to ≤9.2. Nitrate concentration as observed amongst the eight water samples was below the WHO standard of 50mg/l. The Total dissolved solutes was below 0.01 in all the tested waters samples. This study has revealed that borehole water from sampled sources within the University of Port Harcourt is not fit for human consumption without adequate treatment.

scholarly journals Researchof Water Quality and its Chemical Parameters by Titration Method and Instrumenal Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
pp. 871-874
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Dissolved Solids

he water quality analysis is an important aspect in understanding the behavior of water and what can they be used for. This study gives us a valuable information on the general properties of water quality parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, TDS, Bicarbonate, Sulfate, Nitrate, chloride etc. of the study area . Water samples were analyzed at the water quality lab. NIH, Roorkee for pH, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids. The pH of water varied from 7.14 to 7.75. The electrical conductivity (EC) of sample falls from 620µS/cm to 2000µS/cm. The overall total dissolved solids in water of study area varied from 120mg/l to 900mg/l. Overall the range of the Chloride in water of the study area tend to falls between 13mg/l to 375mg/l. Sulfate of all the water samples that were collected from the study area have ranged from 28mg/l to 250mg .The range of the Bicarbonate of all the water samples varied from 320mg/l to 1051mg/l. The study area helps to know about water quality parameters and how to find their values by usingtwo methods : 1) titration method 2) instrumental method .It also helps us to apply these water quality parameters in ArcGis. It helps us to show the values of different parameters in different blocks ofambala for different years In this we have studied different blocks of ambala district Haryana .We have taken the samples from different places from the blocks and also samples are from wells, canal , rivers, ponds.

scholarly journals Assessment of Physicochemical Water Quality Parameters and Heavy Metals Concentration in Water Samples from Buriganga River Adjacent to Dhaka City

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
MMM Hoque ◽  
PP Deb
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameter ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Buriganga River

This study was conducted to know the status of physicochemical water quality parameter and heavy metal concentration in the water of Buriganga river, adjoining to Dhaka city. Water samples were collected from five different points of Buriganga river and were analyzed to determine pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) content. Most of the measured water quality parameters and concentration of heavy metals were exceeded the standard level set by ECR and ADB. Among heavy metals concentration, level of chromium and cadmium were 4-5 times higher than the standard drinking level, these results indicate that surrounding industrial wastewater discharging from textile and tannery industries, which pollute the Buriganga river water. During the observation, at Hazaribagh station BOD level was found 32 times higher than drinking water standard level and 6 times higher than standard irrigation level, indicating Buriganga river water is extremely polluted by microorganism and is not suitable for household and irrigational use. Similarly, DO level at Buriganga river water was 5 times lower than the standard level, which indicates that Buriganga river water is extremely polluted and is unsuitable for aquatic life which are dependent on DO for their sustain. In the present study, the measured level of EC, chromium, cadmium and copper were found higher level as compare to the previous studies.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 97-104 2016

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