scholarly journals 跨越ＡＩ醫生與病人之間的意義鴻溝——評＜在ＡＩ醫生和病人之間——人工智能診斷技術的內在邏輯及其對病人主體性建構的影響＞

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Chao LI
Keyword(s):  
Medical Field ◽  
Life World ◽  
Ethical Thought ◽  
The Core ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Digital Commons ◽  
Physician Patient

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract in English only.There is a gap in meaning between the AI physician and patient, relating to the generation of meaning and the construction of personality. Bridging this gap in meaning has become an unavoidable problem when rethinking the application of AI technology in the medical field. Only when the construction of patients’ subjectivity turns from practical to ethical thought can we fully demonstrate the core of physician–patient interaction; that is, the generation of meaning and the construction of personality. Only then, facing the life world itself, starting with ethics, relationships, emotions, etc., can we connect the AI physician with the patient. The replacement of human physicians by AI physicians is neither technologically inevitable nor philosophically viable. Both technology and philosophy have the possibility of a logical turn.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 31 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

scholarly journals 在ＡＩ醫生和病人之間——人工智能診斷技術的內在邏輯及其對病人主體性建構的影響

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-36
Author(s):  
Guobin CHENG ◽  
Xiaoxi WU
Keyword(s):  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Digital Commons ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Physician Patient ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medical ◽  
The Way

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.近年來，人工智能（ＡＩ）技術在醫療領域中的應用探索十分活躍，ＡＩ診斷又是其中的關注焦點。它可以使診斷更加高效和準確，從而在整體上改善醫療診斷品質，提高醫療資源的供给效率和公平性。不論從ＡＩ診斷發展的技術邏輯還是西方現代醫學診斷思維來看，從智慧助手發展到ＡＩ醫生都具有一定的合理性與必然性。但這一技術具有其内在局限，即使已經發展到理想狀態，ＡＩ醫生也不能完全取代醫生，它能輔助醫生和患者更充分地發揮各自的能動性，卻有可能傷害醫患互動的關鍵内核：意義生成和人格構建。如何在充分利用ＡＩ診斷醫生的效率的同時避免其有可能帶來的負面影響，人們需要對ＡＩ診斷技術發展的底層邏輯提供足夠有力的理論拮抗，而不是停留在技術所限定好的語境中解決那些具體的問題。本文提出，有必要引入中國傳統醫學的診斷思維和儒家“成人”理論，作為針對西方現代醫學觀念和現代主體性哲學發起反思的重要理論資源，並在此基礎上重新審視技術與人文的關係。Applying AI in medical contexts, especially for diagnosis, has become very popular in recent years. AI has the potential to make diagnosis more efficient and accurate, improving the overall quality of medical diagnosis and making medical provisions fairer and more effective. Combining the logic of AI with that of modern Western medical diagnosis, it is to some extent intuitive to imagine AI physicians. However, even in its ideal form, AI technology has intrinsic limitations that will prevent it from completely replacing physicians. Although AI can help physicians and patients to develop their own agency, it may strike at the core of physician–patient interaction: generating meaning and constructing personhood/subjectivity. How can we make best use of the efficiency of AI diagnosis while avoiding its potential negative influence? There needs to be a powerful theoretical rejoinder to the fundamental logic of AI diagnosis. It is not enough to deal with specific issues within the realm already delimited by AI diagnosis technology. This paper highlights the need to incorporate the way of thinking of traditional Chinese medical diagnosis and the Confucian theory of “the way of becoming a person.” Both are important theoretical resources that can be used to counterbalance the way of thinking of modern Western medicine and modern Western philosophy, which emphasize subjectivity. On this basis, the relationship between technology and the humanities can be re-examined.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 65 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

A Team-based Model of Primary Care Delivery and Physician-patient Interaction

2015 ◽  
Vol 128 (9) ◽  
pp. 1025-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita D. Misra-Hebert ◽  
Andrew Rabovsky ◽  
Chen Yan ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Michael B. Rothberg
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Primary Care Delivery ◽  
Physician Patient

scholarly journals 醫學的工具理性與儒家的中庸之道

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Linjuan ZHENG
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Scientific Medicine ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
Middle Way ◽  
Intrinsic Values ◽  
Digital Commons ◽  
Practice Of Medicine

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.中國現代社會醫學領域中出現的種種怪異現象，不幸印證了這樣一個事實：現代醫學的發展與人類發展醫學之真實目的顯現出背道而馳的趨向。本文以上海某醫院一系列引人深思的事件解析其中的原因，規範醫院的行為確實離不開外在的監督，但筆者認為更深層次的原因是科學主義所導致的現代科學迷信和個別醫務工作者的私慾膨脹，最終歸結為工具理性膨脹對上海某醫院一系列引人深思的事件難辭其咎。針對以上弊端，我們可以從中國儒家思想中尋找到應對的思想資源：首先闡明儒家對科學技術的態度；其次闡明儒家的義利觀；最後闡明儒家的科技態度和義利觀得以實現的路徑——中庸之道。通過對儒家思想的現代轉化，可以用於超越和克服現代醫學領域中的工具理性弊病。Recent years have witnessed various unusual events in the medical field in China. This essay explores one particular event that has attracted intense attention and generated broad discussion: the use of a new but unapproved and unaccredited medical technique in a large Shanghai hospital that caused the death of a patient. Also examined are the series of incidents that led up to this tragic occurrence. Such events and incidents indicate that modern scientific medicine in China has taken a direction that may not be consistent with medicine as health care. Specifically, recent medical developments show an instrumentalist rationality – medicine as a tool for scientific development rather than the treatment of illness and disease.This essay argues that the trend in China towards scientism and instrumentalism in medicine must be overcome by drawing on the moral and intellectual resources of Confucianism. It contends that the Confucian middle way is exactly what is needed to change the current direction in Chinese medical development. First, Confucianism sees science and technology as tools for human flourishing. The current focus on scientism – which seems to hold that science and technology have intrinsic values – is mistaken and should be corrected. Chinese medical technological innovation and application must be directed and mediated by the Confucian moral values of human flourishing and happiness. Second, Confucianism does not reject the gaining of material wealth or medical profit through the practice of medicine, but does require that medical activities be constrained by Confucian virtues, including humanity and righteousness, to ensure that unrighteous profit is not made. The essay concludes by contending that the practice of medicine should be based on embracing the so-called middle way, namely, Confucian virtues and moral concerns, rather than pursuing advanced scientific and technological development.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 134 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

scholarly journals The Immense House of Postcards

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-71
Author(s):  
Hanoch Ben-Pazi
Keyword(s):  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Ethical Thought ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
The Core ◽  
Textual Tradition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Way Of Thinking

The subject of tradition engaged both Emmanuel Lévinas and Jacques Derrida in many of their writings, which explore both the philosophical and cultural significance of tradition and the particular significance of the latter in a specifically Jewish context. Lévinas devoted a few of his Talmudic essays to the subject, and Derrida addressed the issue from the perspective of different philosophical and religious traditions. This article uses the writings of these two thinkers to propose a new way of thinking about the idea of tradition. At the core of its inquiry lie the paradigm of the letter and the use of this metaphor as a means of describing the concept of tradition. Using the phenomenon of the letter as a vantage point for considering tradition raises important points of discussion, due to both the letter’s nature as a text that is sent and the manifest and hidden elements it contains. The focus of this essay is the phenomenon of textual tradition, which encompasses different traditions of reading and interpreting texts and a grasp of the horizon of understanding opened up in relation to the text through its many different interpretations. The attention paid here to the actions of individuals serves to highlight the importance of the interpersonal realm and of ethical thought.

Management of Somatic Symptoms

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schröder ◽  
Joel E Dimsdale
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Step Care ◽  
Physician Patient

Somatic symptoms that cannot be attributed to organic disease account for 15 to 20% of primary care consultations and up to 50% in specialized settings. About 6% of the general population has chronic somatic symptoms that affect functioning and quality of life. This chapter focuses on the recognition and effective management of patients with excessive and disabling somatic symptoms. The clinical presentation of somatic symptoms is categorized into three groups of patients: those with multiple somatic symptoms, those with health anxiety, and those with conversion disorder. The chapter provides information to assist with making a diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Management includes ways to improve the physician–patient interaction that will benefit the patient, a step-care model based on illness severity and complexity, and psychological and pharmacologic treatment. The chapter is enhanced by figures and tables that summarize health anxiety, symptoms, differential diagnoses, and management strategies, as well as by case studies and examples. This review contains  5 highly rendered figures, 10 tables, and 235 references.

Management of Somatic Symptoms

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schröder ◽  
Joel E Dimsdale
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Step Care ◽  
Physician Patient

Somatic symptoms that cannot be attributed to organic disease account for 15 to 20% of primary care consultations and up to 50% in specialized settings. About 6% of the general population has chronic somatic symptoms that affect functioning and quality of life. This chapter focuses on the recognition and effective management of patients with excessive and disabling somatic symptoms. The clinical presentation of somatic symptoms is categorized into three groups of patients: those with multiple somatic symptoms, those with health anxiety, and those with conversion disorder. The chapter provides information to assist with making a diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Management includes ways to improve the physician–patient interaction that will benefit the patient, a step-care model based on illness severity and complexity, and psychological and pharmacologic treatment. The chapter is enhanced by figures and tables that summarize health anxiety, symptoms, differential diagnoses, and management strategies, as well as by case studies and examples. This review contains  5 highly rendered figures, 10 tables, and 235 references.

Competence-Oriented Task-Based Learning Approach to Medical Dual-Role Interpreter Training

2020 ◽  
pp. 333-354
Author(s):  
Cong Guo ◽  
Cheng-shu Yang ◽  
Kunsong Zhang ◽  
Ming Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
International Communication ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
The Core ◽  
Professional Interpreter ◽  
Core Issue

With the developing complexity of international communication and the development of hospitals, diversified interpreting demands, such as interpreting for conferences held by hospitals and for visiting delegations from overseas healthcare institutions, have emerged in the medical field, other than interpreting in the clinical setting. Instead of engaging a professional interpreter temporarily, many hospitals are more inclined to invite their own staff to interpret, for many reasons. The core issue is to empower the medical staff with interpreting competence. This chapter examines a case study closely to summarize and share the teaching experience for training conference-level dual-role interpreters in the medical field. The research then proposes the competence-oriented task-based learning approach and examines its effectiveness.

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