scholarly journals Response of four medical plants of Euphorbia species in callus initiation in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Abedaljasim M. Aljibouri ◽  
Silva A. Yakoub Zokian ◽  
Ali H. Almusawi
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Callus Initiation ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

Callus cultures were initiated for four Euphorbia species. Nodule explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented with different concentrations 0,0.5,1,1.5,2 mg/l of the auxin 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid 2,4-D. Half of the cultures were incubated for16 hrs/day photoperiod, while the other half was incubated under complete darkness. The incubation temperature was 25±1ºC. Observations on number of nodule explants initiated callus were recorded at 2,4,6,8 weeks of culture. For callus maintenance, 50mg of callus produced were re-cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D 0,0.4,0.8,1.2,1.6 mg/l. Callus fresh and dry weights were recorded after 4 weeks. Results showed that nodule explants of Epeplus and Ehirta incubated under light conditions achieved the highest response to callus initiation 75-100% compared with the other species under experimental conditions. E.Helioscopia incubated under light conditions achieved the lowest response for callus initiation 25-75%. Results also showed significant differences between Euphorbia species in fresh and dry callus weights, E. Ehirta produced the highest fresh and dry weight of callus reaching 1.410 and 0.046 mg respectively. The amount of fresh and dry weight of callus produced under dark conditions was significantly higher than that produced under light conditions.

scholarly journals Picloram-induced enhanced callus-mediated regeneration, acclimatization, and genetic clonality assessment of gerbera

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saikat Gantait ◽  
Manisha Mahanta
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Semisolid Medium ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Tea Leaf

Abstract Background Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex Hooker f. (African daisy) is listed among the top five most important ornamental plants in the global floricultural industry. To satisfy its demand, the floriculture industry relies on reproducible and effective propagation protocol while retaining the genetic uniformity of G. jamesonii. The present study, for the first time, reports the potential of picloram for enhanced induction of organogenic calli from leaves of G. jamesonii and its high-frequency indirect regeneration. Results The fastest induction of calli with maximum fresh and dry weight was recorded in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) semisolid medium supplemented with 1 mg/l picloram. In addition, callus induction was observed in 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid- and α-napthaleneaceticacid-supplemented media but with delayed response and reduced fresh and dry weight. The proliferated calli were transferred to shoot induction media containing MS salt and 0.5–1 mg/l N6-benzylaminopurine, kinetin, or thidiazuron. A mean number of ~6 shoots per callus were developed after 5 days of culture in the MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l kinetin, with a mean length of 5.2 cm. Successful rooting of shoots was achieved in the MS medium fortified with 1.5 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid, wherein the earliest root initiation (~5 days), as well as the maximum number (~9) and length (~4.8 cm) of roots, were recorded. Complete plantlets were primarily acclimatized in sand before being transferred to a mixed substrate (of soil, sand, tea leaf waste, and cow urine) that secured >90% survival and further growth of the plantlets. Eventually, clonal fidelity of the in vitro regenerants assessed via inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers exhibited a monomorphic banding patterns that suggested genetic integrity within the plantlets as well as with their mother plant. Conclusions The results of the present study should be of interest for commercial propagation and mutagenesis- as well as genetic transformation-related research.

scholarly journals In Vitro Rooting of Capparis spinosa L. as Affected by Genotype and by the Proliferation Method Adopted During the Multiplication Phase

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Valeria Gianguzzi ◽  
Ettore Barone ◽  
Francesco Sottile
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Base Material ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fluorescent Lamp ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Capparis Spinosa

The in vitro rooting of three caper (Capparis spinosa L.) selected biotypes, grown in a commercial orchard on the Sicilian island of Salina (38°33′49” N), was performed using—as base material for rooting experiments—shoot explants proceeding from two different in vitro culture systems: solid medium and liquid culture in a PlantForm bioreactor (TIS). The regenerated shoots of each accession were submitted to different auxin treatments (NAA, IBA, IAA - 1 or 2 mg L−1; NAA+IBA 0.75 and 0.25 mg L−1, respectively), supplemented with sucrose or fructose (mg L−1). The highest rooting rate in terms of root percentage (67%) was reached with the explants of the selected accession ‘Sal 39’ proceeding from liquid culture in PlantForm and induced in the MS medium with sucrose, as a carbon source, supplemented with NAA 0.75 mg L−1 + IBA 0.25 mg L−1, after six days in a climatic growth chamber at 25 ± 1 °C in the dark and then placed under a cool white fluorescent lamp, with a PPFD of 35 μmol m−1 s−1 and a photoperiod of 16 h. On the other hand, poor rooting rate was generally achieved under all the tested experimental conditions with the other biotypes, ‘Sal 37’ and ‘Sal 35’, demonstrating the strong role exerted by the previously adopted proliferation method and by the genotype for successful caper in vitro rooting.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF IN VITRO CONDITIONS ON GROWTH OF IMMATURE EMBRYOS OF PEACH (P. persica (L.) Batsch).

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1098f-1098
Author(s):  
Alberto C. O. Pinto ◽  
David H. Byrne ◽  
Suzanne M. D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Immature Embryos ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Experiment Control ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Paper Bridge

SH and MS media, sucrose concentrations (6% and 10%) and types of support (0.25% Gelrite, vermiculite and filter paper bridge) were compared in a factorial experiment to determine the effects on growth of immature embryos from peach cultivar B611505. Embryos were measured at the beginning of the experiment (control) and all treatments were kept in the dark at room temperature, for 40 days. Although gelrite, over all media treatments, increased embryos wet weight by 66%, the embryos were soft and succulent and their dry weight increased only 37%. Vermiculite support, on the other hand, increased wet and dry weights by 63% and 79%, respectively. Less embryo growth occurred with MS medium and filter paper bridge. Except for vermiculite and SH medium, 10% sucrose was more effective than 6% in increasing embryo growth.

scholarly journals INFLUNCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON CALLUS INDUCTION OF CITRUS VOLKAMERIANA IN VITRO

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al- Khazali & Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Citrus Volkameriana ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

This  research  was  conducted  in  the  plant  tissue  culture  Lab. College  of Agriculture / University  of  Baghdad  from  February to  October  2015. The aim  of  the  study  was  investigating  the  influences  of  combinations  of  Naphthalene  acetic  acid (NAA) , Thidiazuron (TDZ) Spermidine  (Spd. ) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy  acetic  acid (2,4-D) , Benzyl  adenine (BA) on callus  induction  and  adventitous  shoot  regeneration  originated  from  cotyledon  of  Citrus volkameriana  seeds. Seeds  were  disinfested  with 0.1 % of  HgCl2  for 15 minutes. The MS  medium  supplemented  with  (0.0,1.5 , 3.0 ) mg L-1  NAA in combination with (0.0, 0.05, 0.1) mg L-1  TDZ and (0.0, 0.5 ,1.0) mg L-1 Spd. and MS medium supplemented with (0.0, 1.5 , 3.0) mg L-1  2,4-D in combination with (0.0 ,1.0 , 2.0 )  mg L-1  BA and (0.0 ,0.5 , 1.0) mg L-1  Spd. the  interaction between 1.5 mg L-1  NAA and (0.05 , 0.1)  mg L-1  TDZ and the interaction between 3.0 mg L-1  NAA and (0.05 ,0.1) mg L-1  TDZ with all concentrations of Spd.   gave  the  highest  percentage of  callus  induction  100 % . While  the  MS  medium  supplemented  with  3 mg L-1 of  2,4-D in  combination  with  all  concentrations  of  BA  and  spd.  gave  the  highest  percentage 100 % of  callus induction. Results showed that  MS medium supplemented  with 1.5 mg L-1  NAA in combination  with  0.1 mg L-1 TDZ and  1.0 mg L-1 spd.  gave  the  highest  values  of  fresh  and  dry  weight  of  callus  (668.8, 44.59 ) mg  respectively . While  the  MS  medium  supplemented  with  3 mg L-1 2,4-D  in combination with 1.0 mg  L-1  spd.  And 0.0 mg L-1 BA gave  the  highest  values  of  fresh  and  dry  weight  of  callus  (709.2 , 47.28 ) mg  respectively.

scholarly journals Secondary Metabolite Production in Callus Cultures of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Janarthanam ◽  
M Gopalakrishnan ◽  
T Sekar
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Cell Biomass ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Main Components

Stevia rebaudiana is and an important non-caloric sweetening herb contains diterpene glycosides need to be explored for its commercialization. The evolving commercial importance of secondary metabolites in recent years has resulted in a great demand in the Pharma industry. Callus cultures were established from nodal and leaf explants. Leaf explants showed better callus initiation than nodal explants. Maximum callus biomass was observed in MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-D 1.0 mg/l. Further screening of callus culture was carried out on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentration and combinations of 2, 4-D, NAA, IAA, IBA, BA and KN individually and in combinations. Remarkable callus biomass of 11.6 g/l dry weight (182.3 g/l fresh weight) was observed in MS media containing 0.5 mg/l 2, 4-D, 0.5 mg/l NAA and 1.0 mg/l KN. The harvested cell biomass was subjected to extraction of active principles. In this study, cell biomass extracts were compared with extracts from leaves of mother plants of Stevia rebaudiana. HPLC analysis of these extracts showed that the main components of the active principles namely Stevioside were present in sufficiently large amounts in the undifferentiated cultured cells. Keywords: In vitro culture; Biomass; Stevia rebaudiana; Stevioside DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i3.6532Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(3), 243-248, 2010

scholarly journals Influence of growth regulators and explants on shoot regeneration in carnation

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Kanwar ◽  
S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Number Of Shoots

The influence of growth regulators, explants and their interactions on in vitro shoot bud formation from callus was studied in <I>Dianthus caryophyllus</I> L. The leaf and internode explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of growth regulators. The highest callus induction was observed with 2 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). Out of twenty seven shoot regeneration media tested, only 2 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ) and zeatin alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and/or indole acetic acid (IAA) could differentiate calli. The highest average number of shoots was observed with 2 mg/l TDZ and 1 mg/l IAA. Significant differences were observed in calli producing shoots and number of shoots per callus in the explants of leaf and internode. The shoots were elongated and multiplied on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA and solidified with 1% agar. The shoots were rooted and hardened with 76% survival success in pots after six weeks of transfer to the pots.

In Vitro Binding of Zearalenone to Different Adsorbents

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANTE J. BUENO ◽  
LILIANA DI MARCO ◽  
GUILLERMO OLIVER ◽  
ALICIA BARDÓN
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Binding ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Vitro Binding ◽  
Dose Levels

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Fusarium species. No treatment has been successfully employed to get rid of the ZEA contained in foods. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability (adsorptive power) of five adsorbents—activated carbon, bentonite, talc, sandstone, and calcium sulfate—to trap ZEA in vitro. Activated carbon was the best adsorbent, binding 100% ZEA (pH 3 and 7.3) at 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1% dose levels. Bentonite, talc, and calcium sulfate were less efficient than activated carbon but still could bind ZEA to some extent. On the other hand, sandstone was inactive in the experimental conditions employed. Our results indicate that activated carbon could be a good candidate for detoxification of ZEA present in foods.

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE IN VITRO MORPHOGENETIC RESPONSE FROM SHOOT AND CALLUS CULTURES OF Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) Heyne ex. Roth

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (40) ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Trang Phuong Nguyen Thi ◽  
Quang Minh Bui ◽  
Hai Duc Le ◽  
Linh Quoc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Scientific Database ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Shoot Growth Rate

Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) Heyne ex. Roth is a short-term plant which contains many important secondarycompounds with high medicinal value. Currently, most of the researches focus on chemical composition and pharmacological activity, but the source of raw materials is very limited. In this study, the first step is transferring the samples from nature into in vitro culture conditions to understand the effects of the factors related to shooting and callus morphogenesis was performed, the first node from shoots apical meristem was isolated and sterilized with 1.5% NaOCl for 20 minutes to achieve high efficiency with 86.11% sterile samples and 85.56% shoot growth rate after 2 weeks of culture on MS medium. The shoot generation from axillary shoots was continued to be investigated with the highest number of shoots formed on MS medium supplemented with BA (1 mg / l) showed 1.53 shoots/implant which the height and the number of leavesare 3.65cm and 6.67, respectively. Besides, the formation of callus from leaves of MS medium supplemented with 2.4 - D (0.25 mg / l) achieved the rate of 66.67% of cultured samples, forming good callus after 4 weeks of culture. The results of the study not only contribute importantly to understanding morphogenesis for micropropagation purposes but also serve as the scientific database for further studies at the cellular and molecular levels of this plant.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AUXIN ON IN VITRO SECONDARY METABOLITES PRODUCTION FROM BALANITES AEGYPTIACA CALLUS CULTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa A.A. Abdel- Kareem ◽  
H.A. El- Shamy ◽  
A.K. Dawh ◽  
S.G. Gwiefel
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Metabolites Production

The present work was conducted in order to investigate the effect of auxin type (2,4-D and NAA) and concentration (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg/l) on Balanites aegyptiaca callus cultures growth and production of secondary metabolites. Obtained results demonstrated that supplementation MS medium with 2,4-D at 2.0 mg/l could enhanced and recorded the ultimate values of callus fresh weight, antioxidant activity (%), total flavonoids, total phenolic compounds and total saponins contents and yields of Balanites aegyptiaca L. callus.

scholarly journals MICROPROPAGATION OF PHALAENOPSIS SPP. BY SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS TECHNIQUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1185-1191
Author(s):  
Minh Van Tran
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Embryonic Cell ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Callus Initiation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
In Vitro Embryogenesis

Phalaenopsis spp. was regularly produced through micropropagation by protocorm like bodies (PLBs); micropropagation takes a lot of labor, and has high cost of seedlings, energy and material. The purpose of this paper was to study the new technique of using in vitro embryogenesis culturing for microprogation. The method involved using protocorm like bodies as planting materials. PLBs were cut into slices and placed on the medium for callus initiation. The callus was initiated on the medium MS + BA (0.1 mg/l) supplemented with NAA (1 mg/l) or 2,4D (1 mg/l) and was proliferated on the medium MS + BA (0.1 mg/l) supplemented with NAA (1 mg/l). Somatic cell suspensions were initiated and proliferated on the medium MS + BA (0.1 mg/l) supplemented with NAA (0.5, 1 mg/l). Somatic cell suspensions were differentiated to embryonic cell suspensions on the MS medium supplemented with NAA (0.1 mg/l) + BA (0.5 mg/l). Embryonic cell suspensions were plated and regenerated on the medium: 1/2MS supplemented with NAA (0.1 mg/l) + BA (0.5 mg/l). Micropropagation of Phalaenopsis sp. via the embryogenesis technique was set up to produce 5,800 plantlets per one liter of somatic embryogenesis suspension.

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