scholarly journals The activity of extracts chara vulgaris against promastigotes of leishmania tropica.

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Ban Hussein Ali ◽  
Thaer A. Saleh ◽  
Mohammed M. Al-Halbosiy
Keyword(s):  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Chara Vulgaris ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Better Than

            Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by Leishmania parasite, this disease considers as a major health problem worldwide. The available therapy is unsatisfactory expensive with a cytotoxic side effects. Studies of marine algae as a source of pharmacological active compounds have increased worldwide.  This study was aimed to investigate the effect of a type of green algae (Chara vulgaris) on promastigotes of L. tropica, by using. various concentrations (500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.6 µg/mL) in vitro by MTT assay [3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2.5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide)], to investigate its effect on the proliferation of promastigotes, by three incubation periods (24, 48, 72 hr.) The results showed a significant (p< 0.05)   decrease in survived of promastigotes in treatment groups with concentrations that ranged between 15 to 500 μg/ ml.  This study revealed a major growth inhibition effect of the organic extract of C. vulgaris against L. tropica promastigotes, and the extract of ethyl acetate showed potential activity is better than the aqueous extract.

scholarly journals DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF PAPACARIE AND PAPAIN ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS IN VITRO

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
TITTY SULIANTI ◽  
NILAKESUMA DJAUHARI ◽  
BAMBANG NURSASONGKO
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group Control ◽  
Caries Removal ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Better Than

Objective: The aim is to compare the antimicrobial effects of papain and Papacarie with dilution and diffusion tests.Methods: There were two treatment groups and one Group control. The treatment group received papain and Papacarie, and the control groupreceived chlorhexidine, in five liquids with different concentrations of 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125%, 0.0625%, and 0.03%. The dilution and diffusion testswere used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and zone of inhibition for eachtreatment material.Results: MICs of papain and Papacarie were 12.5%, indicating that at a concentration of 12.5%, the material can inhibit the growth of Streptococcusmutans. Papain does not have an MBC value but the Papacarie has an MBC at 25%, which indicating that at a concentration of 25%, Papacarie hasbactericidal effects on S. mutans. The zone of inhibition of papain was lower than Papacarie.Conclusion: Based on chemomechanical caries removal materials, the antimicrobial effects of Papacarie were better than those of papain.

scholarly journals CD4+ Th immunogenicity of the Ascaris spp. secreted products

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Ebner ◽  
Eliot Morrison ◽  
Miriam Bertazzon ◽  
Ankur Midha ◽  
Susanne Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Antigen Processing ◽  
Cell Epitope ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
T Cell Lines

SummaryAscaris spp. is a major health problem of humans and animals alike, and understanding the immunogenicity of its antigens is required for developing urgently needed vaccines. The parasite-secreted products represent the most relevant, yet highly complex (>250 proteins) antigens of Ascaris spp. as defining the pathogen-host interplay. We applied an in vitro antigen processing system coupled to quantitative proteomics to identify potential CD4+ Th cell epitopes in Ascaris suum-secreted products. This approach restricts the theoretical list of epitopes, based on affinity prediction, by a factor of ∼1200. More importantly, selection of 2 candidate peptides based on experimental evidence demonstrated the presence of epitope-reactive T cells in Ascaris-specific T cell lines generated from healthy human individuals. Thus, this stringent work pipeline identifies a human haplotype-specific T cell epitope of a major human pathogen. The methodology described represents an easily adaptable platform for characterization of highly complex pathogenic antigens and their MHCII-restriction.

The in vitro antimalarial interaction of 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone and α-mangostin with mefloquine/artesunate

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanna Chaijaroenkul ◽  
Kesara Na-Bangchang
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Combination Index ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Parasite Growth ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health

AbstractMultidrug resistance Plasmodium falciparum is the major health problem in Thailand. Discovery and development of new antimalarial drugs with novel modes of action is urgently required. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antimalarial interaction of 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone and α-mangostin with the standard antimalarial drugs mefloquine and artesunate in chloroquine sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine resistant (K1) P. falciparum clones in vitro. Median (range) IC50 (drug concentration which produces 50% parasite growth inhibition) values of the 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone, α-mangostin, artesunate and mefloquine for 3D7 vs K1 clones were 1.5 (0.9-2.1) vs 1.2 (1.1-1.6) μM, 17.9 (15.7.0-20.0) vs 9.7 (6.0-14.0) μM, 1.0 (0.4-3.0) vs 1.7 (1.0-2.5) nM, and 13.3 (11.1-13.3) vs 7.1 (6.7-12.2) nM, respectively. Analysis of isobologram and combination index (CI) of 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone with artesunate or mefloquine showed synergistic and indifference antimalarial interaction, respectively. α-mangostin-artesunate combination exhibited a slight antagonistic effect of antimalarial interaction, whereas α-mangostin and mefloquine combination showed indifference interaction in both clones. The combination of 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone with α-mangostin showed the synergistic antimalarial interaction in both clones

scholarly journals Activity of Cuban Plants Extracts against Leishmania amazonensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marley García ◽  
Lianet Monzote ◽  
Ramón Scull ◽  
Pedro Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Amazonensis ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Amastigote Stage ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Hura Crepitans ◽  
Simarouba Glauca ◽  
Drug Leads ◽  
Important Drug

Natural products have long been providing important drug leads for infectious diseases. Leishmaniasis is a major health problem worldwide that affects millions of people especially in the developing nations. There is no immunoprophylaxis (vaccination) available for Leishmania infections, and conventional treatments are unsatisfactory; therefore, antileishmanial drugs are urgently needed. In this work, 48 alcoholic extracts from 46 Cuban plants were evaluated by an in vitro bioassay against Leishmania amazonensis. Furthermore, their toxicity was assayed against murine macrophage. The three most potent extracts against the amastigote stage of Leishmania amazonensis were from Hura crepitans, Bambusa vulgaris, and Simarouba glauca.

scholarly journals Evaluation in vitro of antimicrobial activity of tucumã oil (Astrocaryum Vulgare)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Rossato ◽  
Larissa da Silva Silveira ◽  
Leonardo Quintana Soares Lopes ◽  
Walter Paixão De Sousa Filho ◽  
Larissa Finger Schaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
The Family

Hospital Infection is a major health problem and affects around 1.5 million people annually around the world. The Amazon region has a wide diversity of native palm trees that have fruits and oilseeds. Astrocaryum vulgare, commonly known as Tucumã in Brazil, belongs to the family Arecaceae. This palm has orange, fleshy, single-egg-shaped fruits that are used for therapeutic purposes in diseases of the eyes and skin due to the high content of carotenoids, oil is used in cooking, health treatment and massage. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the Tucumã oil against 18 microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of Tucumã was measured through the determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), as well as the determination of the Minimum Microbicidal Concentration (CMM) aiming to contribute to the discovery of new antimicrobials against pathogenic microorganisms’ human health and may contribute to the treatment of nosocomial infections. The results showed that the oil of Tucumã presented antimicrobial activity against five important bacteria, four Gram - positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus agalactiae) and one Gram - negative (Acinetobacter baumannii).

scholarly journals High-Content Screening Technology Combined with a Human Granuloma Model as a New Approach To Evaluate the Activities of Drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 693-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Silva-Miranda ◽  
Euloge Ekaza ◽  
Adrien Breiman ◽  
Karim Asehnoune ◽  
David Barros-Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
High Content Screening ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

ABSTRACTTuberculosis remains a major health problem due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains ofMycobacterium tuberculosis. Some models have provided valuable information about drug resistance and efficacy; however, the translation of these results into effective human treatments has mostly proven unsuccessful. In this study, we adapted high-content screening (HCS) technology to investigate the activities of antitubercular compounds in the context of anin vitrogranuloma model. We observed significant shifts in the MIC50s between the activities of the compounds under extracellular and granuloma conditions.

scholarly journals hERG1 Potassium Channels: Novel Biomarkers in Human Solid Cancers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Lastraioli ◽  
Tiziano Lottini ◽  
Lapo Bencini ◽  
Marco Bernini ◽  
Annarosa Arcangeli
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Channels ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
New Biomarkers

Because of their high incidence and mortality solid cancers are a major health problem worldwide. Although several new biomarkers and potential targets for therapy have been identified through biomolecular research in the last years, the effects on patients’ outcome are still unsatisfactory. Increasing evidence indicates that hERG1 potassium channels are overexpressed in human primary cancers of different origin and several associations between hERG1 expression and clinicopathological features and/or outcome are emerging. Aberrant hERG1 expression may be exploited either for early diagnosis (especially in those cancers where it is expressed in the initial steps of tumor progression) or for therapy purposes. Indeed, hERG1 blockage impairs tumor cell growth bothin vitroandin vivoin preclinical mouse model. hERG1-based tumor therapy in humans, however, encounters the major hindrance of the potential cardiotoxicity that many hERG1 blockers exert. In this review we focus on recent advances in translational research in some of the most frequent human solid cancers (breast, endometrium, ovary, pancreas, esophagus, stomach, and colorectum) that have been shown to express hERG1 and that are a major health problem.

Influence of administration of ovarian steroids on the function of neutrophils isolated from the blood and uterus of ovariectomized mares

1987 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Watson ◽  
C. R. Stokes ◽  
F. J. Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Marked Effect ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Blood Neutrophils ◽  
And Control ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT The function of blood and uterine luminal neutrophils from ovariectomized mares treated with ovarian steroids was investigated 18 h after intrauterine infusion of 1 × 109 Streptococcus zooepidemicus. Random migration of blood neutrophils under agarose was reduced by treatment with progesterone compared with that of neutrophils from oestradiol-treated and control mares. In-vitro addition of progesterone to blood neutrophils from acyclic ponies also reduced migration. Uterine neutrophils did not migrate under agarose which was probably an effect of bacterial phagocytosis. Hormone treatment had little effect on phagocytosis of yeast blastospores by blood neutrophils. Phagocytosis by uterine neutrophils from oestradiol-treated and control mares was significantly better than that by blood neutrophils. In progesterone-treated mares, however, phagocytosis by uterine neutrophils was significantly lower than that in the other two treatment groups and was similar to that measured in blood neutrophils. The results indicate a marked effect of progesterone in reducing both migration of blood neutrophils and phagocytosis by uterine neutrophils. J. Endocr. (1987) 112, 443–448

scholarly journals Design and Molecular Docking Studies of Quinazoline Derivatives as Antiproliferation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Anita Puspa Widiyana ◽  
Galih Satrio Putra ◽  
Luthfi Ahmad Muchlashi ◽  
Mellany Ika Sulistyowaty ◽  
Tutuk Budiati
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Protein Targets ◽  
Molegro Virtual Docker ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Quinazoline Derivatives ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Better Than

Background: Nowadays, a lot of new active substances as anticancer agents have been developed. One of the protein targets of anticancer is selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Selective COX-2 is the regulator of cell proliferation. Objective: In this research, quinazoline derivatives were used to design the anticancer agent through a selective COX-2 inhibition. The potential activity of quinazoline derivatives could be increased by substitution in position 2 and 3 of quinazolinone. Molecular docking of selective COX-2 inhibition was required to predict their antiproliferation activity. Methods: The molecular docking of quinazoline derivatives was carried out using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) Ver.5.5. Twenty-one of quinazoline derivatives were docked into selective COX-2 with PDB code 3LN1. The interaction was evaluated based on the re-ranked score comparison between quinazoline derivatives with co-crystallized ligand CEL_682. Celecoxib was used as the reference to this research. Results: The result indicated that 18 of 21 quinazoline derivatives showed the approximately re-ranked score -131.508 to -108.418 kcal/mol. Eight of these 18 new quinazoline derivatives have re-ranked score better than Celecoxib. Conclusions: In conclusion, 8 of the new quinazoline derivatives are feasible to be synthesize and performed their in vitro evaluation.

Evaluation of the function of fresh and frozen - thawed sex-sorted and non-sorted stallion spermatozoa using a heterologous oocyte binding assay

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 710 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Clulow ◽  
G. Evans ◽  
W. M. C. Maxwell ◽  
L. H. A. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Binding Assay ◽  
Binding Ability ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Functional Integrity ◽  
Sperm Binding ◽  
Heterologous Sperm ◽  
Bovine Oocytes ◽  
Better Than

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential oocyte binding ability and functional integrity of fresh or frozen–thawed, sex-sorted or non-sorted stallion spermatozoa. In the absence of effective IVF procedures in the horse, a heterologous sperm-binding assay was used as an indicator of fertilising capacity to assess differences in the ability of stallion spermatozoa to bind to bovine oocytes. The functional integrity of four treatment groups was assessed: (1) fresh non-sorted spermatozoa; (2) fresh sex-sorted spermatozoa; (3) frozen–thawed non-sorted spermatozoa; and (4) frozen–thawed sex-sorted spermatozoa. Spermatozoa found in association with the zona pellucida of the bovine oocytes were deemed ‘attached’ or ‘bound’ depending on their characterisation as either acrosome intact or acrosome reacted, respectively. Significantly less frozen–thawed spermatozoa were found attached to the oocytes compared with fresh spermatozoa. No significant differences were identified between the number of attached sex-sorted and non-sorted frozen–thawed spermatozoa. However, significantly more sex-sorted than non-sorted fresh spermatozoa were found attached to the oocytes after 1 h coincubation, although after 3 h coincubation this difference was no longer apparent. In conclusion, sex-sorted fresh and frozen–thawed stallion spermatozoa are functionally capable of attaching and binding to bovine oocytes in vitro. Furthermore, fresh sex-sorted spermatozoa attach better than non-sorted spermatozoa, suggesting that they have a more advanced capacitation-like status.

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