scholarly journals The use of digital technology in the preservation of Māori song

Te Kaharoa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Ka'ai-Mahuta
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Digital Repository ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Transmission Of Knowledge ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of

This paper will focus on the importance of digitally archiving waiata and haka (Māori song, chant and dance). Māori arrived in Aotearoa from their traditional homeland in the Pacific carrying with them all of the knowledge of their own ancestors, none of which was written down. This Māori oral tradition has taken on many forms, including waiata and haka. Waiata and haka are traditional mediums for the transmission of knowledge including tribal history, politics, historical landmarks, genealogy and environmental knowledge while also acting as traditional forms of expression for the articulation of anger, hatred, sadness, love and desire. Waiata and haka are examples of Māori poetry and literature and have been likened to the archives of the Māori people, preserving important historical and cultural knowledge. Therefore, waiata and haka offer an alternative view of the history of Aotearoa/New Zealand to those that are based on mainstream Eurocentric history books and archives. Waiata and haka are also important for the survival of the Māori language and culture. In this sense, they are bound to Māori identity. As a result of colonisation many of these compositions are being lost through time and with them, a knowledge base regarding the meaning behind the words. The adoption of digital technology to preserve waiata and haka provides a tool that could aid the oral tradition. Tāmata Toiere, a digital repository of waiata and haka, is a national resource which demonstrates the interface between recovering traditional knowledge and storing this through innovative technology for future generations.

scholarly journals Cultural Preservation: Rediscovering the Endangered Oral Tradition of Maluku (A Case Study on Kapata of Central Maluku)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathu Rahman ◽  
Prihe Slamatin Letlora
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Folk Song ◽  
Cultural Preservation ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

Language and culture are two aspects which interchange each other where the language is a medium to get information about the culture. As the product of language and culture, oral tradition plays a vital role in Maluku not only as the most powerful and sacred chant that regulate the life of people but also as the folk song that contains history, advice, and prayer. Kapata nowadays is assumed as the endangered oral traditions in Maluku. To rediscover the endangered oral traditions, descriptive qualitative research by using interview and library study in gaining the supporting information was implemented. Furthermore, this research was aimed (1) to figure out the history of Kapata and the way to preserve it (2) to map out the categories of Kapata and its function in social life, and (3) to elaborate the meaning of language expression conveyed in Kapata. Through this research, it is hoped that Kapata can be preserved by implementing it in formal education, art performance and framing in an advanced documentation so that all generations of Maluku are able to not only to recognize and make use it in social life as the way to preserve the Kapata as an endangered oral tradition.

Enseñar la historia de Francia a través de la traducción: un proyecto de coordinación docente

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca García Luque ◽  
Tanagua Barceló Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Educational Program ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cooperation Project ◽  
Common Task ◽  
History Of ◽  
Current Context

AbstractIn the current context of implementation of the new syllabus according to the guidelines and the philosophy of the EHEA, this article presents a cooperation project between two subjects belonging to the educational program of future translators and interpreters, «Language and Culture applied to Translation and Interpreting» and «Translation of General Texts».The goal of this project is to conceive a common task that contributes to the acquisition of both linguistic and cultural knowledge about the history of France and professional competences in translation area.

scholarly journals O estímulo à leitura e a ressignificação do ato de narrar histórias na Casa Anísio Teixeira / The Stimulus to Reading and Reaffirming the Act of Telling Stories in the Casa Anísio Teixeira

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Denise Marques Carneiro Neves
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Formation ◽  
Main Factor

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva descrever como a Casa Anísio Teixeira, instituição localizada em Caetité-Bahia, busca ressignificar os atos de narrar e ouvir histórias. Por meio do Núcleo de Artes Cênicas e do Núcleo de Contação de Histórias, a Casa desenvolve ações de estímulo à leitura, demonstrando a importância da produção, circulação e recepção de saberes culturais. Como metodologia, adotou-se a análise documental, que permite a percepção do alcance social, a descrição de estratégias de adaptação das ações realizadas pelos contadores de histórias, em meio a dificuldades de manutenção de centros culturais. Reconstitui-se, então, o histórico de formação desses Núcleos e apresentam-se suas principais ações, o que implica refletir sobre a importância da experiência para tornar a contação de histórias mais presente nas relações humanas. O artigo aponta a imediaticidade e a efemeridade das vivências como possíveis causas para o declínio do ato de narrar, ao tempo em que se considera a tradição oral como principal fator para retomada e ressignificação do uso de narrativas. Conclui-se que as técnicas teatrais funcionam como boa estratégia para desenvolver a contação de histórias na atualidade em instituições diversas, contribuindo para ampliar a percepção do alcance e importância de práticas culturais de leitura.Palavras-chave: contação de histórias; leitura; centro cultural; Casa Anísio Teixeira.Abstract: This article aims to describe how Casa Anísio Teixeira, an institution located in Caetité-Bahia, seeks to re-signify the acts of narrating and hearing stories. Through the Center for Performing Arts and the Nucleus of Storytelling, the House develops actions to stimulate reading, demonstrating the importance of the production, circulation and reception of cultural knowledge. As a methodology, documentary analysis was adopted, which allows the perception of social outreach, the description of strategies to adapt the actions carried out by storytellers, in the midst of difficulties in maintaining cultural centers. We reconstruct the history of formation of these nuclei and present their main actions, which implies reflecting on the importance of the experience to make the storytelling more present in human relations. The article points out the immediacy and the ephemerality of the experiences as possible causes for the decline of the act of narrating, at the time when oral tradition is considered as the main factor for resumption and re - signification of the use of narratives. It is concluded that the theater techniques work as a good strategy to develop storytelling at present in diverse institutions, contributing to broaden the perception of the reach and importance of cultural reading practices.Keywords: storytelling; reading; cultural center; Casa Anísio Teixeira.

The kingdom of Tonga devastated by a megatsunami in the mid-15th century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franck Lavigne ◽  
Julie Morin ◽  
Wassmer Patrick ◽  
Weller Olivier ◽  
Kula Taaniela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neighbouring Island ◽  
New Evidence

<p>The pre-colonial history of Tonga and West Polynesia still suffers from major gaps because its reconstruction is essentially based on legends left by oral tradition, and by archaeological evidence somehow difficult to interpret. By the fourteenth century, the powerful Tu'i Tonga kingdom united the islands of the Tongan archipelago under a centralised authority and, according to tradition, extended its influence to neighbouring island groups in the Central Pacific. However, some periods of deep crisis were identified, e.g. in the mid- 15<sup>th</sup> century, marked by an abrupt cessation of inter-archipelago migration on the deep seas in the Pacific, significant cultural changes, and a decrease in accessible natural resources. The origins of these disturbances are still debated, and are usually assigned to internal political problems or loss of external influence vis-à-vis neighboring states. However, the hypothesis of a major natural disaster was never suggested up to now.</p><p>Drawing on a body of new evidence from sedimentary signatures and radiocarbon dating of charcoal and marine bioclasts, geomorphology, and sedimentology, in support of previously published archaeological data, we argue that the Tu’i Tonga kingdom was severely impacted by a megatsunami in the mid-15th century. We also discuss the likely sources of this event, which happened in an isolated region of the world before the European maritime “great discoveries”. This tsunami could be the source of vivid local myths that strongly suggest that a giant wave covered almost the entire island of Tongatapu at one time.</p>

scholarly journals African oral tradition, cultural retentions and the transmission of knowledge in the West Indies

IFLA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherry-Ann Smart
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The West ◽  
Transmission Of Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Retention ◽  
African Slaves ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncertain Future

For three centuries Africans were trafficked to slave for Europeans in the West Indies. Forcibly uprooted from their homes, they carried only recollections of a way of life as they faced an uncertain future while enduring gruelling conditions. Unversed in the enslavers’ language and custom, their past was mentally retained and transmitted through oral expressions and cultural products. Yet, the history of libraries as repositories of knowledge gives credit to all newcomers except these Africans. This paper proposes the modern concept of a library supports African slaves’ cultural retention and transmission of knowledge as important in the development of life in the West Indies.

scholarly journals National-cultural veil of etiquette phrases and environmentally responsible behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 10041
Author(s):  
Olga Nikolenko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Environmentally Responsible Behavior ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cultural Foundations ◽  
Responsible Behavior ◽  
Environmentally Responsible ◽  
History Of ◽  
Linguistic Functions ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
External Form

The article sets the goal, by direct observation of the facts of the language, to get ahead of how the language encodes images that are formed under the influence of cultural knowledge in the thoughts of a particular person, conveys the subtle nuances of the picture of the world and affects the non-verbal behavior of its carrier. The author believes that it is possible to understand the complex mechanism of communication by referring to linguistic and cultural studies, theory and history of culture, ethnography, psychology and other humanitarian disciplines, which contribute to a comprehensive description of language and culture, thereby laying the psycholinguistic and national-cultural foundations for the correct interpretation of the reproduced and received information. This presupposes, among other things, the awareness of the addressee of the speech that the addressee's interest in the information he receives is awakened not only by the content of the utterance, but also in the external form of its presentation, which includes phonetic framing, lexical selectivity, intonation design, structural length, qualifying as accompanying elements to the meaning of the statement. The author comes to the conclusion that etiquette forms of communication are capable of performing any of the linguistic functions, including suggestive, which lays a certain imprint on the very act of communication, giving it some subtext characteristic and contributing to the formation of a given decoration in the minds of the recipients of the dialogue.

Grimm Legacies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Zipes
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Brothers Grimm ◽  
Folk Tale ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Standards ◽  
Wilhelm Grimm

This book explores the legacy of the Brothers Grimm in Europe and North America, from the nineteenth century to the present. The book reveals how the Grimms came to play a pivotal and unusual role in the evolution of Western folklore and in the history of the most significant cultural genre in the world—the fairy tale. Folklorists Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm sought to discover and preserve a rich abundance of stories emanating from an oral tradition, and encouraged friends, colleagues, and strangers to gather and share these tales. As a result, hundreds of thousands of wonderful folk and fairy tales poured into books throughout Europe and have kept coming. The book looks at the transformation of the Grimms' tales into children's literature, the Americanization of the tales, the “Grimm” aspects of contemporary tales, and the tales' utopian impulses. It shows that the Grimms were not the first scholars to turn their attention to folk tales, but were vital in expanding readership and setting the high standards for folk-tale collecting that continue through the current era. The book concludes with a look at contemporary adaptations of the tales and raises questions about authenticity, target audience, and consumerism. The book examines the lasting universal influence of two brothers and their collected tales on today's storytelling world.

A Short history of the post-graduate surgical training in Fiji - where to from here?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitoko Kelepi Cama ◽  
Sonal Singh Nagra
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Training ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Postgraduate Training Programme ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
National University ◽  
History Of ◽  
Training Of Surgeons ◽  
Pacific Island Nations

Post-graduate surgical training at the Fiji National University (FNU), previously known as the Fiji School of Medicine) has recently been updated by incorporating elements from the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) training curriculum. The revised curriculum maintains strong contextual relevance to the needs and pathologies of the Pacific Island nations.  This paper outlines why the FNU surgical postgraduate training programme should be applauded as a successful programme in the training of surgeons for the region.

The Problem of the Formation of Philosophical Prose in Persian

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 126-137
Author(s):  
Tatyana G. Korneeva
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Arab Muslim ◽  
History Of ◽  
Philosophical Texts

The article discusses the problem of the formation of philosophical prose in the Persian language. The first section presents a brief excursion into the history of philosophical prose in Persian and the stages of formation of modern Persian as a language of science and philosophy. In the Arab-Muslim philosophical tradition, representatives of various schools and trends contributed to the development of philosophical terminology in Farsi. The author dwells on the works of such philosophers as Ibn Sīnā, Nāṣir Khusraw, Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī, Aḥmad al-Ghazālī, ʼAbū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī and gives an overview of their works written in Persian. The second section poses the question whether the Persian language proved able to compete with the Arabic language in the field of science. The author examines the style of philosophical prose in Farsi, considering the causes of creation of Persian-language philosophical texts and defining their target audience. The article presents viewpoints of modern orientalist researchers as well as the views of medieval philosophers who wrote in Persian. We find that most philosophical texts in Persian were written for a public who had little or no knowledge of the Arabic language, yet wanted to get acquainted with current philosophical and religious doctrines, albeit in an abbreviated format. The conclusion summarizes and presents two positions regarding the necessity of writing philosophical prose in Persian. According to one point of view, Persian-language philosophical works helped people who did not speak Arabic to get acquainted with the concepts and views of contemporary philosophy. According to an alternative view, there was no special need to compose philosophical texts in Persian, because the corpus of Arabic philosophical terminology had already been formed, and these Arabic terms were widely and successfully used, while the new Persian philosophical vocabulary was difficult to understand.

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