scholarly journals Lubricating oils impact crankshaft rotation speed in outboard motors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Mikhail Nikolaevich Pokusaev ◽  
Konstantin Evgenievich Khmelnitsky ◽  
Anastasia Aleksandrovna Khmelnitskaya ◽  
Maxim Michailovich Gorbachev ◽  
Alexei Alekseevich Kadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Transmission Oil ◽  
Crankshaft Rotation ◽  
Motor Operation ◽  
The Right

The most effective assessment of the quality of transmission and motor lubricating oils for marine engines in general and of outboard motors in particular can be given by practical tests on real engines. An important factor for improving the technical characteristics of outboard motors by reducing friction in the movable joints of the internal combustion engine and gearbox is the right choice of a lubricating oil. The stability of the engine crankshaft rotating speed, reducing noise and vibration during the outboard motor operation indicate good lubricating properties of the engine and transmission oil used. There are shown the results of comparative tests of outboard motors SEA-PRO T2.5 (two-stroke) and YAMAHA F4B (four-stroke) using the most common on the market lubricating oil and the oil produced by KUPPER, LLC (Russia). There are presented the illustrations of outboard motors SEA-PRO T2.5 and YAMAHA F4B. The tests were carried out in the laboratory conditions in a small experimental pool by specialists from the Outboard Motors Research and Production Laboratory of Astrakhan State Technical University. The control and measuring devices used were: a tachometer SEA-PRO TSP-02, a gas analyzer “Infrakar-A-02” with a built-in tachometer. It has been inferred that there is a direct dependence of the crankshaft rotation speed during long-term operation of the outboard motor on the quality and characteristics of the lubricating oil. The probability of the research on stationary propulsion systems in water transport is indicated.

scholarly journals The feasibility of determining the condition of friction units of engines by the EMF magnitude

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 07033
Author(s):  
Ilmas Salakhutdinov ◽  
Denis Molochnikov ◽  
Andrei Glushchenko ◽  
Albert Khusainov ◽  
Ilnar Gayaziev
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Friction Units ◽  
Crankshaft Rotation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The paper is devoted to theoretical studies of the feasibility to determine the clearance size in the friction units of an internal combustion engine by the magnitude of the electromotive force (EMF) that arises in them. The effect of the contact area of the friction pairs and the clearance between them on the electrical resistance in the contact, and, accordingly, on the magnitude of the emerging EMF was theoretically confirmed. As a result of the theoretical studies, the relationship of the influence of changing clearances on the magnitude of the EMF arising in them was established. To confirm the theoretical calculations, bench studies of the UMZ-417 engine were carried out to determine the magnitude of the EMF arising in its friction pairs depending on the change in the crankshaft rotation speed, followed by micrometry of the parts. The study was carried out using the designed current collector. The obtained theoretical and experimental results confirm the feasibility of determining the condition of friction units by the magnitude of the EMF generated in them and with sufficient accuracy to determine the dynamics of the clearance size between rubbing parts.

Determination of zinc in lubricating oils and lubricating oil concentrates

1968 ◽  
Vol 239 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Anand ◽  
Prabhu Dayal ◽  
O. N. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oils

scholarly journals An Optimal Method for Lubricating Oil Compounds Properties Estimation - the Computer - Based Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 3942-3946
Author(s):  
Gabriel Radulescu ◽  
Diana Cursaru
Keyword(s):  
Process Improvement ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Optimal Mixing

Obtaining the commercial lubricating oils through an industrial method is a process which has an extensive complexity, requiring a very special attention paid to the final products quality. In this field, any new mixing compound, any new additive and any process improvement is more than welcome. Using the so called optimal mixing recipes � in order to get commercial lubricating oils by the base oils and corresponding additives � is a common way to lower the production cost and increase its quality. This paper proposes an original software tool, developed by the authors, which offers these recipes based on the final mixture properties (explicitly given). The application is built-up around the nonlinear programming and runs under MATLAB� environment. It is a remarkably robust application, with good functionality and accuracy. Its performance is proved both in theory and practice, after laboratory experimental tests.

Application of dynamic mesh technology in the oil film flow simulation for hydrostatic bearing

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Yanqin Zhang ◽  
Zhiquan Zhang ◽  
Xiangbin Kong ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Hui Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Dynamic Mesh ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Hydrostatic Bearing

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to obtain the lubrication characteristics of heavy hydrostatic bearing in heavy equipment manufacturing industry through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses the influence of oil film thickness variation on velocity field, outlet-L and outlet-R flow velocity under the hydrostatic bearing running in no-load 0 N, load 400 KN, full load 1,500 KN and rotating speeds of 10 r/min, 20 r/min, 30 r/min, 40 r/min, 50 r/min and 60 r/min, by using dynamic mesh technology and FLUENT software. Findings When the working table rotates clockwise, in the change process of oil film thickness, the fluid flow pattern of the lubricating oil at the edge of the sealing oil is the rule of laminar flow, and the oil cavity has a vortex. The outlet-R flow velocity becomes higher and higher by increasing the bearing load and working table speed, and the flow velocity increases with the decrease in oil film thickness; the outlet-L flow velocity increases with the decrease in oil film thickness under low rotating speed (less than 10 r/min) condition and decreases with the decrease of oil film thickness under high rotating speed (more than 60 r/min) condition. Originality/value The influence of the oil film thickness on the flow state distribution of the oil film was analyzed under different working conditions, and the influence rules of oil film thickness on the flow velocity of hydrostatic bearing oil pad was obtained by using dynamic mesh technology.

scholarly journals Ecological and Health Effects of Lubricant Oils Emitted into the Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 3002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Nowak ◽  
Karolina Kucharska ◽  
Marian Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Petroleum Origin ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cutting System ◽  
Petroleum Oil

Lubricating oils used in machines with an open cutting system, such as a saw or harvester, are applied in forest areas, gardening, in the household, and in urban greenery. During the operation of the device with an open cutting system, the lubricating oil is emitted into the environment. Therefore, the use of an oil base and refining additives of petroleum origin in the content of lubricants is associated with a negative impact on health and the environment. The current legal regulations concerning lubricants applicable in the European Union (EU) assess the degree of biodegradability. Legislation permits the use of biodegradable oils at 60% for a period of 28 days. This means that, in practice, lubricating oil considered to be biodegradable can contain up to 50% of the so-called petroleum oil base. The paper aims to draw public attention to the need to reduce the toxicity and harmful effects, due to their composition, of lubricating oils emitted into the environment on health. The authors discuss the impact of petroleum oil lubricants on soils, groundwater, vegetation, and animals, and the impact of petroleum-origin oil mist on health. An overview of test methods for the biodegradability of lubricating oils is presented, including the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 301 A–F, 310, and 302 A–D tests, as well as their standard equivalents. The current legal regulations regarding the use and control of lubricating oils emitted into the environment are discussed. Legal provisions are divided according to their area of application. Key issues regarding the biodegradability and toxicity of petroleum fractions in lubricating oils are also addressed. It is concluded that lubricating oils, emitted or potentially emitted into the environment, should contain only biodegradable ingredients in order to eliminate the negative impact on both the environment and health. Total biodegradability should be confirmed by widely applied tests. Therefore, a need to develop and implement low-cost and simple control procedures for each type of lubricating oil, ensuring the possibility of an indisputable conclusion about the presence and total absence of petroleum-derived components in oil, as well as the content of natural ingredients, occurs.

THE OXIDATION, IGNITION, AND DETONATION OF FUEL VAPORS AND GASES: IV. THE CAUSE OF DETONATION OR COMBUSTION KNOCK IN ENGINES

1948 ◽  
Vol 26f (5) ◽  
pp. 228-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. King
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustible Mixture ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Nuclear Theory ◽  
General Application ◽  
Combustion Knock ◽  
Permanent Gases

A nuclear theory of self-ignition is described which is based on the substitution of finely divided carbon for the nuclear drops of the Callendar theory. The finely divided carbon appears in the gaseous combustible mixture in the engine as a result of pyrolysis of the lubricating oil or of the fuel. The theory is therefore of general application and can be applied to explain combustion knock or detonation when permanent gases such as hydrogen as well as hydrocarbon vapors are used as fuel for the carburetor type of internal combustion engine. The theory is supported by experimental evidence quoted mainly from earlier publications and is intended as a working hypothesis for further confirmatory experiments.

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