scholarly journals POLICY OF PREVENTIVE WORK WITH JUVENILE DRUG USERS IN THE USA

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Bohdana Buleza
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Preventive Work ◽  
The Usa

This article deals with the problem of preventive work with young drug users. This is one of the most important problems in the world, including the USA. Substance misuse can put individual users and others among them at risk of harm. Early substance misuse and substance use disorders are associated with a variety of negative results, including deteriorating relationships, poor school performance, loss of employment, diminished mental health and increases in sickness and death. It is therefore critical to prevent the full spectrum of substance misuse problems in addition to treating those with substance use disorders. The aim of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of preventive work with young drug users in USA. Theoretical research methods have been used in this study: analysis of scientific sources, systematisation and generalisation of available data; defining of the essence of basic concepts; identification of the current state of the problem. The results of investigation give possibility to state that preventing or reducing early substance use initiation, substance misuse and the harms related to misuse requires the implementation of the effective programs and policies that address substance misuse across the lifespan. The effective prevention programs exist in the USA, and if implemented well, they can markedly reduce substance misuse and related threats to the health of population. There are three main categories of prevention interventions: universal, selected and indicated. Universal interventions are aimed at all members of a given population; selective interventions are aimed at a subgroup determined to be at high risk for substance; indicated interventions are targeted to individuals who are already using substance but have not developed a substance use disorder. It is recommended to provide a mix of universal, selective and indicated preventive intervention. Different programs are used for different categories of population. The program «Family Partnership» is focused on children younger than age 5. «The Good Behavior Game» and «Classroom-Centered Intervention» is an universal elementary school-based prevention program. For adolescents aged 10 to 18 programs «Life Skills Training» and «Towards No Drug Abuse» are used. There are also family-based programs («Strengthening Family», «For Parents and Youth»), program for College Students («Brief Alcohol Screening»), Internet-based program («I hear what you are saying») and many others. drug; juvenile; youth; preventive work; rehabilitation; programs of prevention; USA.

scholarly journals Declines in prevalence of adolescent substance use disorders and delinquent behaviors in the USA: a unitary trend?

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1494-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Grucza ◽  
R. F. Krueger ◽  
Arpana Agrawal ◽  
A. D. Plunk ◽  
M. J. Krauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Delinquent Behaviors ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Item Response Theory Models ◽  
Adolescent Risk Behaviors

AbstractBackgroundDownward trends in a number of adolescent risk behaviors including violence, crime, and drug use have been observed in the USA in recent years. It is unknown whether these are separate trends or whether they might relate to a general reduction in propensity to engage in such behaviors. Our objectives were to quantify trends in substance use disorders (SUDs) and delinquent behaviors over the 2003–2014 period and to determine whether they might reflect a single trend in an Externalizing-like trait.MethodsWe analyzed data from 12 to 17 year old participants from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a representative survey of the household dwelling population of the USA, across the 2003–2014 period (N = 210 599). Outcomes included past-year prevalence of six categories of substance use disorder and six categories of delinquent behavior.ResultsTrend analysis suggested a net decline of 49% in mean number of SUDs and a 34% decline in delinquent behaviors over the 12-year period. Item Response Theory models were consistent with the interpretation that declines in each set of outcomes could be attributed to changes in mean levels of a latent, Externalizing-like trait.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that declines in SUDs and some delinquent behaviors reflect a single trend related to an Externalizing-like trait. Identifying the factors contributing to this trend may facilitate continued improvement across a spectrum of adolescent risk behaviors.

Comparative study of psychiatric comorbidity differences in patients with ADHD and cocaine substance use disorders and patients ADHD and cannabis use disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S477-S477
Author(s):  
N. Martínez-Luna ◽  
L. Rodriguez-Cintas ◽  
C. Daigre ◽  
L. Grau-Lopez ◽  
R.F. Palma-Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cocaine Users ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Competing Interest

Substance Use Disorders (SUD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) are frequent conditions in out drug treatment centers. There are evidences about the high prevalence of ADHD in SUD patients (20%) compared with just ADHD in general population (1–7.3%). Both disorders and psychiatric comorbidity are important in the diagnosis proceeding. The objective of this study is search the difference in psychiatric comorbidity conditions between patients with ADHD and Cocaine SUD and ADHD and Cannabis SUD. ADHD was present in 158 patients of a total sample in which 46,8% used cocaine, 17.1% cannabis and 36.1% used both. Mood disorders were 26.8% in cocaine users, 21.7% in cannabis and 18.9% in both. Anxiety disorders were 20.3% in cocaine users, 37.5 in cannabis and 13% in both users. Primary psychotic disorders were 2.9% in cocaine users, none in cannabis and 11,1% in both drug users. Personality disorders by cluster were, Cluster A: 11.3% in cocaine group, 36% in cannabis group and 24.5 in cannabis and cocaine group. Cluster B: 33.8% in cocaine group, 44% in cannabis group and 51.9% in cannabis and cocaine group. Cluster C: 9.9% in cocaine group, 28% in cannabis group and 19.2% in cannabis and cocaine group. There could be common pathways of neuronal damage related to psychiatric comorbidity depending of used drug, the differences in comorbidity found in this study could explain a little part of it. It is important to manage SUD-ADHD and other psychiatric comorbidity in order to improve the outcomes of these patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A Family Guide to Coping with Substance Use Disorders

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis C. Daley ◽  
Antoine Douaihy
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Drug Problem ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
The Family ◽  
Affected Person ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Impact

This guide was written for family members, significant others, and people concerned about their relatives or friends who have an alcohol or drug problem, which in this book is referred to as substance misuse or substance use disorder (SUD). Substance problems can take many shapes and forms and differ in their severity and impact. This family guide will discuss these problems and how to help the affected person and other family members (including children) who may have been harmed by a loved one’s substance problem. This guide can also help individuals with a substance use problem understand the impact of their SUDs on the family as well as what their family members can do to help themselves. Addressing family issues and making amends are key issues for people in recovery from SUDs.

scholarly journals Impact of a 2-year multimodal intervention for disruptive 6-year-olds on substance use in adolescence: randomised controlled trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Castellanos-Ryan ◽  
Jean R. Séguin ◽  
Frank Vitaro ◽  
Sophie Parent ◽  
Richard E. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Adolescent Risk

BackgroundAdolescent substance use is associated with both earlier childhood behavioural problems and serious lifetime addiction problems later in life.AimsTo examine whether, and through which mechanisms, targeting risk factors in early childhood prevents substance use across adolescence.MethodDisruptive kindergarten boys (n = 172) living in Montreal were randomly allocated to a preventive intervention and a control condition. The intervention was delivered over 2 years (7–9 years of age) with two main components: (a) social and problem-solving skills training for the boys; and (b) training for parents on effective child-rearing skills.ResultsAdolescent substance use, up to 8 years post-intervention, was reduced in those who received the intervention (d = 0.48−0.70). Of most interest, the intervention effects were explained partly by reductions in impulsivity, antisocial behaviour and affiliation with less deviant peers during pre-adolescence (11–13 years).ConclusionsAdolescent substance use may be indirectly prevented by selectively targeting childhood risk factors that disrupt the developmental cascade of adolescent risk factors for substance use.

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