scholarly journals DESEKURITISASI ISU PERUBAHAN IKLIM AMERIKA SERIKAT MELALUI KEBIJAKAN PENARIKAN DIRI DARI PARIS AGREEMENT 2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Fardha Dewi Shinta
Keyword(s):  
Ronald Reagan ◽  
Bill Clinton ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Donald Trump

Masalah perubahan iklim dalam kebijakan luar negeri A.S. telah mengalami proses yang panjang. Mulai dari tahun 1980 Amerika Serikat melakukan sekuritisasi selama masa pemerintahan Ronald Reagan, George H. W Bush, Bill Clinton dan Barack Obama. Tetapi pada masa pemerintahan George W. Bush dan Donald Trump, Amerika Serikat menghapuskan masalah perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini menganalisis upaya desecuritisasi isu perubahan iklim yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Donald Trump dari 2017 hingga 2020. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini berupa pengelompokan dan pengumpulan data terkait dan kemudian diklarifikasi setelah proses pengeditan data. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa upaya desecuritization dilakukan oleh pemerintah Donald Trump, melalui pernyataan untuk menstabilkan masalah perubahan iklim, dan masalah itu digantikan dengan masalah lain yang lebih mengancam seperti masalah ekonomi, imigran, dan teroris.

scholarly journals The Trump Presidency and the Structure of Modern American Politics

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 340-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron E. Shafer ◽  
Regina L. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
American Politics ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Bill Clinton ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
Ideological Polarization ◽  
Policy Making Process

How much of politics is specific to its actors and how much is the reflection of an established structure is a perennial concern of political analysts, one that becomes especially intense with the candidacy and then the presidency of Donald Trump. In order to have a template for assigning the outcomes of politics to structure rather than idiosyncrasy, we begin with party balance, ideological polarization, substantive content, and a resulting process of policy-making drawn from the immediate postwar period. The analysis then jumps forward with that same template to the modern world, dropping first the Trump candidacy and then the Trump presidency into this framework. What emerges is a modern electoral world with increased prospects for what might be called off-diagonal candidacies and a policy-making process that gathers Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump together as the modern presidents.

Public Wealth in USA: Distribution and Financing

2014 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
A. Shlikhter
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Ronald Reagan ◽  
Bill Clinton ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Historical Trends ◽  
George Bush ◽  
The Usa

The article focuses on the state regulation and financing of public wealth in the USA. The author analyses historical trends in managing of state social programs within the system “federation – states – local units”. Special attention is given to the concepts and practices of federative relations in the context of US socioeconomic development. The article also evaluates the reforms of state machinery conducted during the terms of Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, George Bush (Jr.) and Barack Obama administrations.

Suing to Save the War Powers Resolution

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Jasmine Farrier
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Iraq War ◽  
Ronald Reagan ◽  
Bill Clinton ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Persian Gulf War ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
The Political ◽  
War Powers ◽  
Political Question

This chapter explores the consequence of four decades of congressional and judicial restraint that followed the passage of the 1973 War Powers Resolution. The member lawsuits began with four challenges to President Ronald Reagan (on El Salvador, Nicaragua, Grenada, and the Iran–Iraq War), and one each against George H. W. Bush (Persian Gulf War), Bill Clinton (Kosovo), George W. Bush (Iraq), and Barack Obama (Libya). These cases were dismissed for different reasons by the federal courts, citing mootness, ripeness, standing, the political question doctrine, and equitable discretion, usually in some combination, as barriers to adjudication. Upon dismissal, federal courts placed the entire burden to rein in presidential power on supermajorities in Congress, even though prior authorization may not have occurred. This disapproval would ultimately require two-thirds of both chambers to override a presidential veto. In these ways, federal courts normalized the very dynamics the member-plaintiffs were targeting in their suits.

scholarly journals THE EVOLUTION OF THE US STRATEGY TOWARD THE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION AFTER THE COLD WAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-126
Author(s):  
Valeriia Gergiieva
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Bill Clinton ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
George Bush ◽  
The Us ◽  
New Challenges

The article analyzes the US strategy in the nonproliferation field during three decades (in 1990s – 2018) and during the presidency of four US presidents (Bill Clinton, George Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump). The author considers the key guidelines of US nonproliferation strategy that are described in four Nuclear Posture Reviews (NPR) issued by each post-Cold War presidential administration. These documents describe the US nuclear policy in general, but the author focused on analysis of those their sections that were devoted to dealing with the risks of proliferation of nuclear weapons. The National Security Strategies of 1996 and 2002 were also analyzed in the article to clarify the nonproliferation aspects of US strategy that were not explained well in the published excerpts of the first two Nuclear Posture Reviews of presidents Bill Clinton and George Bush. As George Bush faced with the new challenges that required developing updated nonproliferation strategy like he terroristic acts on 11 September 2001, war in Iraq - the nonproliferation policy had to change too and focus more on preventing the terrorists from acquiring the nuclear bomb and nuclear materials. The last two NPRs of 2010 and 2018 were published fully and considered in the article as the primary source for understanding the nonproliferation policy of presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump. All four post-Cold War presidential administrations faced with the new proliferation challenges, and the author examines how these new challenges were described in the US strategic documents and how the US nonproliferation strategy evolves. In addition, the article studies the practical implementation of the proclaimed nonproliferation strategies of four presidents and compares the efficiency of this implementation by each presidential administration. The author also assesses the consequences of realizing the US nonproliferation strategy for the international security and its influence of the future development of the global nonproliferation regime.

Helter Skelter or All Together Now: Beatles songs associated with the last 2 U.S. presidents.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ger Rijkers
Keyword(s):  
Barack Obama ◽  
Donald Trump

With the aid of the Nexis Uni database of newspaper, magazine and online articles, an analysis was made of Beatles songs associated with either Barack Obama or Donald Trump. The Beatles song most often associated with Donald Trump is "Helter Skelter", for Barack Obama this is "All Together Now"

Comparative analysis of the trade policy of Barack Obama and Donald Trump

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
V. Iordanova ◽  
A. Ananev
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Entire World

The authors of this scientific article conducted a comparative analysis of the trade policy of US presidents Barack Obama and Donald Trump. The article states that the tightening of trade policy by the current President is counterproductive and has a serious impact not only on the economic development of the United States, but also on the entire world economy as a whole.

scholarly journals A política dos EUA para as mudanças climáticas: análise da saída do Acordo de Paris

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
Helena Margarido Moreira ◽  
Jefferson Dos Santos Estevo
Keyword(s):  
Barack Obama ◽  
Donald Trump

 Resumo:O presidente dos EUA, Donald Trump, durante sua campanha para a Presidência expressou a descrença sobre o aquecimento global, criticou Barack Obama e prometeu retirar o país do Acordo de Paris. O artigo analisa a saída do EUA do acordo, apontando os motivos internos e suas consequências para as negociações climáticas internacionais. O histórico das recentes políticas climáticas estadunidenses é essencial para o entendimento da atual conjuntura.No início do artigo apontamos um breve histórico, com ênfase na gestão de Obama, seguimos com a análise dos fatores domésticos, responsáveis pela saída do Acordo; ao final concluímos com os impactos nas negociações internacionais e no âmbito doméstico.  

Understanding Michigan's Electoral Competitiveness: Swing Counties 1976-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-201
Author(s):  
JOHN S. KLEMANSKI ◽  
DAVID A. DULIO ◽  
DOUGLAS A. CARR
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
County Level ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Gubernatorial Election ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Electoral Competitiveness

ABSTRACT Considerable media attention was given to the so-called “pivot counties” in the U.S. and in Michigan that flipped from supporting Barack Obama twice to voting for Donald Trump in 2016. We first summarize theories of voting behavior and speculate about why Michigan has been consistently competitive over the years. We explore 40 years' worth of county-level presidential and gubernatorial election results in Michigan to determine how frequently counties have flipped across a large number of elections. We find that a number of Michigan counties frequently flip between elections, but the number of competitive Michigan counties has substantially declined in recent decades. Turnout in larger counties can affect election outcomes, and large counties that swing have been key bellwethers in past elections, and should be a major focus of research on future elections in Michigan.

Helmut Schmidt, Euromissiles, and the Peace Movement

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-171
Author(s):  
Noel D. Cary
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Ronald Reagan ◽  
The United States ◽  
Peace Movement ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Mikhail Gorbachev ◽  
Nuclear Missiles ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Vladimir Putin

On February 1, 2019, President Donald Trump withdrew the United States from a landmark Cold War treaty: the agreement between Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev to ban intermediate-range nuclear missiles from Europe. One day after Trump's announcement, Vladimir Putin announced that Russia would also withdraw from the treaty. Allegations of Russian violations in recent years have thus led to actions that threaten to return Europe to some of the most frightening days of the Cold War.

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