scholarly journals Saliva secretion difference before and after rinsing with baking soda on menopause women

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Anggraeni ◽  
Sri Tjahajawati ◽  
Rosiliwati Wihardja
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Saliva Secretion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Menopause women can experience a decrease in saliva secretion (decrease). To understand the clear picture about saliva secretion, the volume, flow rate, pH and viscosity were then measured. The aim of this research was to obtain a picture about the difference of saliva secretion before and after rinsing with baking soda on menopause women. The type of the research used was a laboratory quasi-experiment with comparative descriptive form. The technique used in this research is the survey method, and samples were taken using the multistage cluster random sampling method, and t-student statistical analysis. This research was conducted with the saliva collected with spitting method on 45 menopause women. The results show that the average volume, flow rate, pH and viscosity before rinsing with baking soda was 1.79 ml, 0.18 ml/minute, 7.40 and 0.81 mm2/second. The average volume, flow rate, pH and viscosity after rinsing with baking soda were 2.66 ml; 0.27 ml/minute; 8.67 and 0.78 mm2/second. Statistical analysis t-student on α = 0.05 shows volume changes, flow rate, pH and saliva viscosity before and after rinsing with baking soda was 0.873; 0.086; 1.273 and 0.037 respectively. The conclusion shows a significant difference between saliva secretion before and after rinsing with baking soda, and saliva secretion after rinsing with baking soda on menopause women.

Abstract W P76: Parent Artery Curvature May Help Determine the Effectiveness of Flow Diverter Treatment

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brando Dimapasoc ◽  
Aichi Chien
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Parent Artery ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Aneurysm Neck ◽  
Flow Reduction ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Flow diverters (FDs) aim to treat intracranial aneurysms by altering intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics. Reports have suggested aneurysm and parent artery shape may affect flow reduction in FD-treatment. The purpose of this study is to gain insight into the way in which aneurysm shape and parent artery curvature influence the ability of FDs to redirect flow. Hypothesis: Aneurysm dome size and parent artery curvature affect FD-induced flow reduction within an aneurysm. Methods: FD models constructed based on the Pipeline Embolization Device with 35% area coverage, 30 um strand diameter, and 4 mm nominal diameter were implemented for hemodynamic simulation analysis. The flow reduction effects were tested using aneurysm models featuring different dome sizes and parent artery curvatures. Aneurysm blood flow was analyzed before and after FD stenting in regions of the aneurysm neck, body, and dome. Results: We found that aneurysms with higher parent artery curvature had increased systole flow volume entering aneurysms before and after stenting, regardless of aneurysm size, with pre-FD volume flow rates for curvatures of 20 and 30 degrees, respectively, 1.54 and 2.40 times those for 10 degree curvature. Furthermore, FD reduced flow less in aneurysms with higher curvature. For parent artery curvatures of 10, 20, and 30 degrees, overall reductions of flow volume entering the aneurysm were 91.1±0.56%, 88.2±1.2%, and 85.5±0.28%, respectively. 97.2% of models had more flow reduction at the aneurysm dome than neck. Figure 1 shows representative, post-FD flow in 10 and 30 degree parent arteries, with a greater volume flow rate in (b) depicted by denser streamlines. Aneurysm dome size was not found to have a significant effect on volume flow rate. Conclusions: We found that artery curvature may have a large influence on FD flow reduction, indicating that FD may be less effective at reducing blood flow entering aneurysms located within higher curvature arteries.

Unsteady Analysis of Microvalves With No Moving Parts

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-T. Wang ◽  
T.-S. Leu ◽  
J.-M. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Reverse Flow ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Pressure Amplitude ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Unsteady Flow Condition ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Moving Parts

AbstractNo-moving-parts valves (NMPV) pumps produce the net volume flow due to the difference of pressure resistances between forward and reverse flow of a microchannel structure. NMPV has been developed by a number of research groups. However, most of NMPV in these studies are designed and based on steady state flow conditions. Little data is available regarding the NMPV in unsteady flow conditions. In this study, the performances of NMPV under both steady and unsteady flow conditions are investigated numerically. The NMPV used in this study is a diffuser-type microchannel with diffuser angle of 20° because of its outstanding production of net volume flow. By a series of numerical simulations, some useful results would be addressed for the performance of NMPV micropumps. First, Reynolds number confirmed by steady analysis should be greater than 10 (Re > 10) for the NMPV pumps to be more effective. Second, an optimal Strouhal number with maximum net volume flow rate is found at St = 0.013 for the unsteady flow condition. In addition, the relation between the driving pressure amplitude and net volume flow rate with a linear behavior found was helpful to the performance of the micropump system. According to these findings, it was easy for users to operate and design of NMPV micropumps.

scholarly journals Study of Four Passive Second Skin Façade Configurations as a Natural Ventilation System During Winter and Summer

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
Youssef Hamidi ◽  
Mustapha Malha ◽  
Abdellah Bah
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
The Difference

The fight against climate change is a significant challenge, resulting mainly from the linear and extensive exploitation of natural resources, particularly fossil fuels. Its impacts are now recognized. The current climate models are neither sustainable nor ecological in economic and social terms, especially as we live in a century marked by galloping demography and urbanization. Researchers worldwide have paid great attention to passive solar design strategies such as double skin or Second Skin Façade.  From this point, the present work aims to contribute to a better understanding of the feasibility of using a passive façade as a useful technology for natural ventilation to achieve potential energy savings and improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality. For this purpose, a parametric study was conducted for a room with four different southern facade configurations in six Moroccan climatic zones; the difference between each lies in the vent's position in the entrance and exit. This process was done by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Velocity and volume flow rate fields were analyzed. The proposed configurations provided an average volume flow rate between 200 m3/h and 400 m3/h for a surface of 1 m2 of southern façade with an air vent area of 0.1mx0.2m.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Outpatients Trends at Korean Medicine Hospitals of Daejeon University by Region before and after COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-43
Author(s):  
Hyun Ji Cha ◽  
Beom Seok Kim ◽  
Ki Jung Sung ◽  
Young Rok Lee ◽  
Hyeon Kyu Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Korean Medicine ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Analyze Data

Objectives: This study is designed to statistically analyze data of outpatients visiting for recent 3 years. The purpose is to identify tendencies of patients who visit the hospitals before and after COVID-19. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 452,487 patients who visited to the Daejeon·Cheonan·Cheongju Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University from January 1, 2018 to August 31, 2020. The data is classified according to year, month, gender, age, and visit type. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 25.0. Results: The total number of patients decreased in 2020 compared to before 2020, and the number of patients in each hospital also decreased from the previous year. According to the year of each hospital, the difference by year was not statistically significant at Daejeon Hospital, but Cheonan and Cheongju Hospital showed statistical difference. The change in monthly according to the year by hospital has continued to decrease from January to March in 2020, unlike the previous year, which recovered from a decline in March. In the analysis of patients by age, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of patients in the above 60s according to the year, while those under 60s have a tendency to significantly decrease.. Conclusion: We expect that the results of this study will be used as reference materials in analyzing effects of COVID-19 at health care utilization.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DO AMBIENTE NA ESTRUTURA DE TAMANHO E BIOMASSA DA Emerita brasiliensis (Schimitt, 1935) NA PRAIA BRAVA E GUARDA DO EMBAÚ

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Xavier Da Silva Neto ◽  
Karoliny Do Nascimento Deucher ◽  
Aline Simplicio ◽  
Natalia Joana Rebello da Cunha ◽  
Tito Cesar Marques de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Emerita brasiliensis is an important species of Brazilian macrofauna, they are inhabitants of the intertidal areas, and have important components that enable their use as biological indicators environmental. Therefore, the objective was to analyze the relationship between population and size of individuals of Eremita brasiliensis, comparing two beaches on the coast of Santa Catarina, being Praia brava in Itajaí, with an increasing level of urbanization and Guarda do Embaú Beach in Paulo Lopes, which has a stationary degree. The collections took place in March and September 2016, with the sample area parallel to the sand and intertidal strips for a systematic sampling observing the estimated time for low tide. For collection, a 20cm diameter PVC cylinder was used and buried at a depth of 20cm. The samples were arranged in a 0.5mm opening mesh and sent to the laboratory, where the organisms of the genus Emerita brasiliensis were separated and identified for the measurement of biomorphometric data, observing the lateral diameter and rostro-caudal length of the carapace. The biomass weighing was performed before and after the drying procedure, performed in a controlled temperature oven at 37ºC for 48 hours. For statistical analysis, the ANOVA test was used. Based on the individuals collected, it is observed Guarda do Embaú beach with more individuals when compared to Brava Beach. Statistical data show a significant difference between the months and the beaches, which is justified by the state of conservation of Guarda do Embaú beach, which remains static due to its low urbanization. Therefore, it is concluded that the difference between Emerita Brasiliensis communities is due to changes in local dynamics, such as anthropic trampling and sediment change. The results were not accurate due to the low number of samples, but are significant and relevant for further research.

Establishing & Estimating Gas-Liquid Performance Characteristics of Multiphase Pumps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidirim Enoch Ejim
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Pump Performance ◽  
Multiphase Pump ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Multiphase electric submersible pumps (ESPs) are used to produce gas and liquid in wells with high gas content. These pumps are operated at different speeds, and designed to handle flows with various gas volume fractions (GVFs). This study uses gas-liquid dimensionless parameters to obtain and compare the performance of conventional multiphase pumps. Knowledge of such techniques is important for production engineers, field operators and application engineers to ascertain pump performance for given gas-liquid operating conditions. Gas-liquid performance data for two multiphase pumps with 8.00-inch and 8.62-inch housing diameters were obtained from open literature. The inlet pressure, GVF and rotational speed ranges were 100 to 300 psig, 0 to 0.57, and 3000 to 3600 revolutions per minute (RPM), respectively. The total flow rates varied from 15000 to 60000 barrels per day (BPD). Euler turbomachinery principles for gas-liquid flows were applied to the data to obtain required dimensionless parameters and two-phase dimensionless performance curves for the pumps. The method was tested using dimensionless curves for a given operating condition to obtain pump performance at another operating condition. The results showed that for each rotational speed, the difference in dimensionless pressure between the multiphase pump discharge and inlet decreased with increasing mass-quality-weighted volume flow rate. For each weighted volume flow rate, the difference in pump discharge and inlet dimensionless pressures decreased with increasing intake GVF. The decrease with increasing intake GVF can range between a factor of 3 and 4, depending on the magnitude of the weighted volume flow rate. Using the 3000 RPM data, a two-phase (gas-liquid) dimensionless performance curve was obtained for one of the multiphase pumps with intake GVF and dimensionless volume flow rate parameter as the independent variables. The curve was used to estimate pump performance at 3600 RPM and then compared with the actual reference test data. For the second multiphase pump, two datasets at different intake pressures were used to obtain the effects of intake pressure. The performance for this multiphase pump was a function of dimensionless volume flow rate, intake GVF and intake gas-liquid density ratio. The maximum error in the estimated performance data was within 7%. Overall, the performance of multiphase pumps can be estimated using the technique in this study for the flow conditions analyzed. This study highlights the importance of obtaining dimensionless two-phase performance characteristics of multiphase pumps. Given that these pumps are frequently used in oilfield production operations, capability to determine the pressure boosting performance of the pumps, for given operating conditions, is important to field operating personnel and design engineers. This knowledge benefits the operator to optimally produce hydrocarbons from high gas-content wells and maximize the economic bottom line from the field asset.

Novel epoxy/anhydride alternatives for biological electron microscopy: Physical and performance characteristis of embed 812 and LX 112 in combination with NSA/NMA/DMAE

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
Joe A. Mascorro ◽  
Gerald S. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Base Resin ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Acid Anhydrides

Embedding media based upon an epoxy resin of choice and the acid anhydrides dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA), nadic methyl anhydride (NMA), and catalyzed by the tertiary amine 2,4,6-Tri(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol (DMP-30) are widely used in biological electron microscopy. These media possess a viscosity character that can impair tissue infiltration, particularly if original Epon 812 is utilized as the base resin. Other resins that are considerably less viscous than Epon 812 now are available as replacements. Likewise, nonenyl succinic anhydride (NSA) and dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) are more fluid than their counterparts DDSA and DMP- 30 commonly used in earlier formulations. This work utilizes novel epoxy and anhydride combinations in order to produce embedding media with desirable flow rate and viscosity parameters that, in turn, would allow the medium to optimally infiltrate tissues. Specifically, embeding media based on EmBed 812 or LX 112 with NSA (in place of DDSA) and DMAE (replacing DMP-30), with NMA remaining constant, are formulated and offered as alternatives for routine biological work.Individual epoxy resins (Table I) or complete embedding media (Tables II-III) were tested for flow rate and viscosity. The novel media were further examined for their ability to infilftrate tissues, polymerize, sectioning and staining character, as well as strength and stability to the electron beam and column vacuum. For physical comparisons, a volume (9 ml) of either resin or media was aspirated into a capillary viscocimeter oriented vertically. The material was then allowed to flow out freely under the influence of gravity and the flow time necessary for the volume to exit was recored (Col B,C; Tables). In addition, the volume flow rate (ml flowing/second; Col D, Tables) was measured. Viscosity (n) could then be determined by using the Hagen-Poiseville relation for laminar flow, n = c.p/Q, where c = a geometric constant from an instrument calibration with water, p = mass density, and Q = volume flow rate. Mass weight and density of the materials were determined as well (Col F,G; Tables). Infiltration schedules utilized were short (1/2 hr 1:1, 3 hrs full resin), intermediate (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) , or long (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) in total time. Polymerization schedules ranging from 15 hrs (overnight) through 24, 36, or 48 hrs were tested. Sections demonstrating gold interference colors were collected on unsupported 200- 300 mesh grids and stained sequentially with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

Multi-objective optimization of squirrel cage fan for range hood based on Kriging model

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622199586
Author(s):  
Qianhao Xiao ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Boyan Jiang ◽  
Weigang Yang ◽  
Xiaopei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Kriging Model ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Squirrel Cage

In view of the multi-objective optimization design of the squirrel cage fan for the range hood, a blade parameterization method based on the quadratic non-uniform B-spline (NUBS) determined by four control points was proposed to control the outlet angle, chord length and maximum camber of the blade. Morris-Mitchell criteria were used to obtain the optimal Latin hypercube sample based on the evolutionary operation, and different subsets of sample numbers were created to study the influence of sample numbers on the multi-objective optimization results. The Kriging model, which can accurately reflect the response relationship between design variables and optimization objectives, was established. The second-generation Non-dominated Sorting Genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was used to optimize the volume flow rate at the best efficiency point (BEP) and the maximum volume flow rate point (MVP). The results show that the design parameters corresponding to the optimization results under different sample numbers are not the same, and the fluctuation range of the optimal design parameters is related to the influence of the design parameters on the optimization objectives. Compared with the prototype, the optimized impeller increases the radial velocity of the impeller outlet, reduces the flow loss in the volute, and increases the diffusion capacity, which improves the volume flow rate, and efficiency of the range hood system under multiple working conditions.

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