PERUBAHAN SOSIAL BUDAYA MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN  PASCA REVOLUSI HIJAU

It is assumed that changes in village community will become even clearer if related to changes in village society at this time. Changes in society will look good in the fields of education, economics, social relations and other fields. Modernization is a change in society that moves from traditional conditions or from pre-modern society to modern society. The process of change was driven by various community efforts in fighting for their hopes and ideals, namely changing lives and existing livelihoods for the better. General characteristics of modernization are related to the fields of social social traditions, population science and technology and social mobility. The various fields are proceeding so as to achieve new patterns of behavior that are manifested in the life of modern society. Major changes that have taken place since the post-green revolution, villages in Southeast Asia have undergone fundamental changes. Rural life and the fulfillment of the needs of life of rural people in Southeast Asia have undergone a fundamental change, can no longer assume that the fulfillment of rural life needs are obtained from agriculture, nor can it assume that rural people face and expect their future in the field agriculture, these events affect each other or the interconnection between rural and urban areas, such as increased movement of rural people to cities or vice versa (urbanization and migration), the shift from agriculture to non-agriculture (agrarian-industrial transformation), as well as increased aspirations and education (social mobility Another thing that seems to change is lifestyle in the form of material, in this case related to household appliances, vehicles and communication tools.

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Integration through Land Improvement

International Journal for History Culture and Modernity ◽

10.18352/hcm.485 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 233-248

Author(s):

Daniel Burkhard

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Modern Society ◽

The State ◽

World War ◽

Third Way ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Agrarian Society ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

History Of ◽

Internal Colonization

Internal colonization in Switzerland is often seen in connection with the battle for cultivation in the Second World War, but the history of internal colonization in Switzerland is more complex. The food crisis in the First World War formed the horizon of experience for various actors from industry, consumer protection, the urban population and agriculture to start considering practical strategies for managing agricultural production. In this way, traditional spaces, such as rural and urban areas and economic roles, such as food producer, consumer and trader, overlapped and were newly conceived to some extent: people started thinking about utopias and how a modern society could be designed to be harmonious and resistant to crisis. The aim of this article is to trace some of the key points in this process for the interwar years in neutral Switzerland. In the process, the focus must be on the context of people’s mentalities in the past, although the relationships between the actors of internal colonization and the state also need to be considered. Internal colonization in Switzerland in the twentieth century can be understood as an open process. In principle, the project was driven by private actors, but in times of crisis, the project was claimed by the state as a possible tool for social and economic intervention. In addition, as a result of the planned dissolution of urban and rural spaces, it will be shown that modern societies in the interwar period were on an existential search to overcome the problems of the modern age. Internal colonization can therefore be seen as an attempt to find a third way between a world characterized by an agrarian society and a modern industrial nation.

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Suicide Prevention in the Southeast Asia Region

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000666 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. S21-S29 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lakshmi Vijayakumar ◽

Caroline Daly ◽

Yasir Arafat ◽

Ella Arensman

Keyword(s):

Southeast Asia ◽

Suicide Prevention ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Middle Income ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Data Registration ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Male Female Ratio

Abstract. This chapter provides an update on suicide and suicide prevention in the Southeast Asia Region, which covers 11 low- and middle-income countries, accounting for 26% of the world's population. More than one third (39%) of all suicides globally, occur in this region, with the highest suicide rate of 17.7 per 100,000, which is likely to be an underestimate due to differences in study populations, research methodology, and uncomprehensive data registration systems. The risk profile of people who die by suicide and the characteristics of suicides in Southeast Asia are distinctly different from other regions in many ways. In this region the male–female ratio for suicide is closer to 1, compared with 3:5 in higher-income countries, and the overall reported prevalence of mental disorders, such as depression or other psychiatric conditions, is lower. Both older people and adolescents show the highest rates of suicide. Suicide involving pesticide poisoning is the most common method used in both rural and urban areas in countries in this region. Updates are provided on national and regional suicide prevention activities in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.

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Consuming Leisure Time: How The Tourism Trend Has Changed the Village

Journal of Contemporary Sociological Issues ◽

10.19184/csi.v1i1.19803 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Ratna Istriyani

Keyword(s):

Social Relations ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Economic Changes ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Sustainable Regional Development ◽

The Village

This article elaborates on the issue of using leisure time, mainly connected with the tourism concept. The tourism agenda has shaped the trend of using leisure time, which at the same time has changed the appearance of particular places to attract consumers. The village area is a new tourist spot that discussed in this article. Again becomes crucial to see; the new economic features have changed social relations in rural areas. The changes also happened in Yogyakarta, especially villages in the Sleman area. Therefore, this paper aims to explore how the village experienced economic changes after it formed into a tourist area, how was the process. The approach used in this research is qualitative by collecting observational data and secondary data. Based on the research, the villages in Yogyakarta, especially Sleman, the changes in the economic pattern cannot separate from the tourist trend, which emphasizes the reformation of the classic pastoral nuances. The establishment of a restaurant or cafe that offers authentic characters imagined being a remedy for longing for memories. Without intending to confront rural and urban areas, this study argues that the tourism trend in rural areas has not only changed the economic complexion but has also emphasized the character of the village as a space for urban community consumption. It is undeniable that the economic turnover that arises from the tourism sector is assumed to be able to contribute to the new face of rural areas; however, it is not necessarily possible to realize sustainable regional development without being followed by creativity to compete with the emergence of new entertainment venues. Keywords: Tourism Transformation, Village, Leisure, Space Consumption.

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Evidence of Similarities in Ecosystem Service Flow across the Rural-Urban Spectrum

Land ◽

10.3390/land10040430 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 430

Author(s):

Indunee Welivita ◽

Simon Willcock ◽

Amy Lewis ◽

Dilshaad Bundhoo ◽

Tim Brewer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Local Environment ◽

Urban Residents ◽

Rural People ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Loop Theory ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Urban People ◽

The Impact ◽

Global Population

In 2006, the world’s population passed the threshold of being equally split between rural and urban areas. Since this point, urbanisation has continued, and the majority of the global population are now urban inhabitants. With this ongoing change, it is likely that the way people receive benefits from nature (ecosystem services; ES) has also evolved. Environmental theory suggests that rural residents depend directly on their local environment (conceptualised as green-loop systems), whereas urban residents have relatively indirect relationships with distant ecosystems (conceptualised as red-loop systems). Here, we evaluate this theory using survey data from >3000 households in and around Hyderabad, India. Controlling for other confounding socioeconomic variables, we investigate how flows of 10 ES vary across rural, peri-urban and urban areas. For most of the ES we investigated, we found no statistical differences in the levels of direct or indirect use of an ecosystem, the distance to the ecosystem, nor the quantities of ES used between rural and urban residents (p > 0.05). However, our results do show that urban people themselves often travel shorter distances than rural people to access most ES, likely because improved infrastructure in urban areas allows for the transport of ES from wider ecosystems to the locality of the beneficiaries’ place of residence. Thus, while we find some evidence to support red-loop–green-loop theory, we conclude that ES flows across the rural-urban spectrum may show more similarities than might be expected. As such, the impact of future urbanisation on ES flows may be limited, because many flows in both rural and urban areas have already undergone globalisation.

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Statistical evaluation of unemployment problems in Ukraine

Economics. Finances. Law ◽

10.37634/efp.2019.12.3 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 14-18

Author(s):

Ihor TARLOPOV ◽

Vlada OLEKSIIENKO

Keyword(s):

Unemployment Rate ◽

Economic Activity ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Age Groups ◽

Modern Society ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Age Group ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Active Population ◽

Rural And Urban

The article investigates and analyzes the unemployment rate in Ukraine for a certain period (2000-2018). The general state of the unemployment market of Ukraine is considered. We compared the number of unemployed in rural and urban areas, and identified the causes and methods of overcoming and reducing unemployment. The unemployment rate of Ukraine was compared with the developed countries of the world, namely with Japan, Great Britain, USA and Poland. a comparison of the number of unemployed in rural and urban areas. Labor market and unemployment surveys were conducted. Analyzes the economically active population of Ukraine (2000 - 2018). Different age groups are considered, their economic activity for January - June 2019, it is recognized what age groups prevail in the unemployment market, why they proposed methods of increasing their economic activity. We attributed the economically active population to eight age groups: the first age group - 15-24 years, the second age group - 25 - 29 years, the third age group - 30-34 years, the fourth age group - 35-39 years, the fifth age group - 40-49 years old, sixth age group 50-59 years old, seventh age group 60-69 years old, and the last age group - people 70+ The number of unemployed in rural and urban areas by age group for January - June 2019 is compared, the prevailing and least economically active age group is determined. Based on our research and data analysis, we will be able to offer methods of solving the unemployment problem. Based on the results of the study conducted in this article, we will be able to provide recommendations on how to reduce unemployment among Ukrainians. Unemployment is one of the most pressing problems of modern society, an integral part of a market economy. Based on the data analyzed, the unemployment rate will increase and adversely affect the efficiency of Ukraine's economic activity, if the issue related to overcoming this phenomenon is not resolved. That is why to overcome this phenomenon we need to apply the developed methods.

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Making rural people’s fate in the hand of urban entities? A question of natural resource governance and rural-urban linkage in Indonesia

Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pemerintahan ◽

10.14710/jiip.v4i1.4750 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

Laila Kholid Alfirdaus

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Power Relations ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Rural People ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Resource Governance ◽

Natural Resource Governance ◽

Central Java ◽

Rural And Urban

The idea of rural-urban linkage, which is meant to tackle the issue of urban bias in development, requires trust and equality as fundamental conditions. However, building trust and promoting equality is never easy in rural-urban linkage promotion. Natural resources governance is among the areas which usually show us how difficult it is to promote rural-urban linkage for the hardships in power relations among the actors involved. As having long been noted, the issues of natural resources in Indonesia is contentious; leading to strong debate even conflict. Transparency and accountability often become big questions in natural resources governance, followed with hard deliberation between authorities, companies, and community contrary to the policy. These matters result in further problems of trust, equality, and representation, which further leads to difficulty in rural-urban linkage strengthening. As reflected from mining cases in Central Java and oil palm plantation in Central Kalimantan, we can see clearly how power relations between the pros (usually urban people represented by government apparatus and corporations) and cons (rural people; community) are usually lagging. Policy hardly counts the dissenting voices from the cons. Local authorities decide what is good and not for rural people dealing with natural resources issue. They promote economic development and poverty reduction through natural resources business, which is hardly proven. Natural resources policy is more often made one sided. Sometimes there is repression to suppress against a community that refuses the existence of corporations. This paper discusses challenges to the idea of rural-urban linkages from the experience of natural resources governance in Indonesia. From the cases we studied, we can learn that in order to promote linkage, and, further, equality between rural and urban areas, it is crucial to take into account deliberation, because urban entities are not supposed to make the rural people’s fate, just by exploiting and isolating them from decision making.

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Hidden Change in Late Colonial Urban Society in Indonesia

Journal of Southeast Asian Studies ◽

10.1017/s0022463400011012 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 354-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

William H. Frederick

Keyword(s):

Sixteenth Century ◽

Southeast Asia ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Urban Society ◽

Air Travel ◽

Aerial Photographs ◽

Architectural Style ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

European Populations

From at least the early sixteenth century, when Tomé Pires acclaimed the marvels of Malacca, Westerners have evinced an interest in the cities of Southeast Asia, though for different reasons and from varying perspectives. Travellers like Cesare Fredrici, Ralph Fitch, and Gasparo Balbi were generally impressed with what they saw and compared it favourably in many respects with Europe of the 1580s. In the course of the two hundred years, however, this appreciation altered markedly. Western authors after the late eighteenth century took a less sanguine view and tended to describe towns and cities rather disparagingly as little more than collections of villages. During the late 1920s, the panorama made possible by the advent of air travel in Southeast Asia distinguished clearly between rural and urban areas, but showed the latter as thoroughly Europeanized enclaves. In the popular aerial photographs of the day, these cities appeared slick in their new tropical-colonial architectural style and uncomplicated by large or even particularly visible non-European populations.

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Intelligent Chatbot for Medical Assistance in Rural Areas

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.f3083.049620 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 24-31

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Main Idea ◽

Medical Field ◽

Rural People ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Medical Issues ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

User Friendly ◽

Rural Part

In today’s world, 918 million rural people are more easily connected to the internet than doctors. The rural part of India is still in crisis due to lack of doctors and gets only one-third of hospital facilities. 80% doctors are available only in urban areas. In this paper, an application is developed with a motive of connecting doctors and assisting medication primarily focusing on rural and urban areas. The main idea is to create a user-friendly virtual assistant which helps every citizen, mainly residing in the rural parts of India. There are few industrial bots for News, Weather, Trends and perhaps different day-after-day events that manifest themselves within the general class. The proposed application takes a prominent place in the medical field. The bot recommends the best medical practice to the patients in treating minor medical issues. In the future, this Medical Chatbot can be trained with doctors to treat some minor surgeries.

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